Ngovuyo Okokuqala
NgoLwesihlanu ngoFebruwari 19 uPhil Runkel wafunyanwa enetyala lokungena ngokungekho mthethweni e-Juneau County, WI ngu-jaji uPaul Curran emva kwetyala elingu-22. UPhil waye wajoyina amanye amatshantliziyo alithoba ekuzameni ukuhamba kwiVolk Field Air National Guard base kwaye adibane nomphathi ukuze sabelane ngeengxaki zethu malunga noqeqesho lwabaqhubi beenqwelomoya olwenzeka apho.
Ummeli weSithili uMike Solovey ulandele inkqubo yakhe yokumemeza uSheriff uBrent Oleson kunye noSekela uThomas Mueller kwi-stand kunye nokuchonga uPhil njengomnye wabantu ababehamba ngesiseko ngo-Agasti 25, 2015 kwaye benqaba ukuhamba.
UPhilip wabuza uSheriff Oleson embuza malunga nendawo yendawo phakathi kwamasango kunye nendlu yokugada. U-Oleson uphendule ngelithi indawo isetyenzisiwe ukuze iimoto ezilinde ukungena kwisiseko zingabuyeli kuhola wendlela wommandla. UPhil wabuza ukuba kwakusemthethweni nini kuloo ndawo, kwaye u-Oleson waphendula ngelithi xa unikwe imvume. Kodwa ayiyonyani leyo. Iimoto zihamba ngamasango kwaye malunga nebhloko eya endlwini yoonogada kwaye ulinde ukuthetha nonogada ngaphandle kokufumana imvume yokulinda kuloo ndawo.
UPhil ubuze u-Oleson ukuba ngaba sibuzwa ukuba kutheni besilapho ukuze amagosa esiseko agqibe ukuba besikhona ngesizathu esivakalayo, kwaye isherifu yaphendula yathi iyazi ukuba asikho ngesizathu esivakalayo.
Urhulumente wahlala ecaleni labo kwaye uPhil watshela ijaji angathanda ukuba afunge ukunikela ubungqina kwaye anike ingxelo emfutshane yokuvala.
Ubungqina
Mnumzana ohloniphekile:
Ndiqeshwe yiYunivesithi yaseMarquette, apho kuye kwaba lilungelo lam ukukhonza ukusukela ngonyaka we-1977 njengomgcini-mpepha wamaphepha omgqatswa wobungcwele uDorothy Day. Uhlala enconywa ngokwenza kwakhe imisebenzi yenceba-ngoku kutsha nje ngu-Pope Francis-kodwa egculelwa ngokuchasene kwakhe ngokuqinileyo nemisebenzi yemfazwe. Oku kukhokelele ekubanjweni kwakhe nasekuvalelweni izihlandlo ezithathu ezahlukileyo zokungaphumeleli ngexesha lokuzikhusela kuluntu ngo-1950. Ndingomnye wabaninzi abaye bakhuthazwa ngumzekelo wakhe ukuba bafune uxolo kwaye balulandele.
Ngentlonipho ndiyalivuma ityala. Emva kweMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi, iNkundla yamaJoni yaMazwe ngaMazwe yaseNuremberg yabhengeza ukuba "Abantu banemisebenzi eyodlula zonke izibophelelo zesizwe zokuthobela ezimiselwe nguRhulumente." (Ityala lamaTyala amaKhulu eMfazwe phambi kweNkundla yamaZwe yamaZwe, vol. Mna, Nürnberg 1947, iphepha 223) .Le yayiyenye yemithetho-siseko yaseNuremberg eyamkelwa yiKhomishini yezoMthetho yeHlabathi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ngo-1950 ukubonelela ngezikhokelo zokufumanisa ukuba yintoni na ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe. Ezi
imigaqo-siseko iyinxalenye yomthetho wesiko wamanye amazwe kunye nenxalenye yomthetho wasekhaya eMelika phantsi kweNqaku VI, umhlathi 2 woMgaqo-siseko wase-US (175 US677, 700) (1900).
Lowo owayengummeli jikelele wase-US uRamsey Clark wangqina phantsi kwesifungo, ekulingweni kwababhikishi be-drone eDewitt, NY, ukuba kwimbono yakhe yomthetho wonke umntu unyanzelekile phantsi komthetho ukuzama ukumisa urhulumente wabo ukuba enze ulwaphulo-mthetho, ukulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nolwaphulo mthetho
(http://www.arlingtonwestsantamonica.org/docs/Testimony_of_Elliott_Adams.pdf).
Ndenza ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukusebenzisa i-drones ukuxhatshazwa okungekho sikweni, ukubulala okujoliswe kukulwa kukulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho olunjalo, kwaye ndazama ukuqonda umlawuli we-Romuald kule nyaniso. Ndenjongo yokuxhasa umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. (Njengoko uNksz First waqaphela kwilingo lakhe kwiveki eledlule, uMgwebi uRobert Jokl waseDewitt, eNew York, wafumana abadlali abahlanu ababenokuzikhusela kwi-Hancock drone base ngoba wayekholelwa ukuba banenjongo efanayo.)
Isiqendu 6 (b) seNuremberg Charter sichaza ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe- ukwaphulwa kwemithetho okanye amasiko emfazwe-- ukubandakanya, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukubulala okanye ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantu abahlali okanye abakwindawo ekuhlalwa kuyo. Iidrones ezixhonyiweyo, zincediswa kukuphononongwa kunye nokujongwa kweedrones ezilingwe kwiziseko ezinjengeVolk Field, zibulale phakathi 2,494-3,994 abantu ePakistan kuphela ukusuka kwi-2004. Ezi ziquka phakathi kwe423 kunye Abantu base965 kunye ne-172-207 abantwana. Omnye u-1,158-1,738 wenzakele. Le datha ihlanganiswe yiBhunga loLondolozo lweeNkcukacha zoPhando, oluseLondon (https://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/category/projects/drones/drones-graphs/).
Ngokomfundi wezomthetho U-Matthew Lippman (Nuremberg kunye ne-American Justice, 5 Notre Dame JL Ethics & Pub. Pol'y 951 (1991). Iyafumaneka kwi: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ndjlepp/vol5/iss4/4)
Abemi "banelungelo elisemthethweni phantsi komthetho wamazwe aphesheya ukuba benze ngendlela engenabundlobongela yokumisa ikhomishini yolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe. "Uxhasa ukuba" iNuremberg ... isebenza njengekrele elinokusetyenziselwa ukutshutshisa izaphuli-mthetho zemfazwe, kwaye njengekhaka labo benyanzelwayo ukuba benze isenzo sokuziphatha esichasene nemfazwe neendlela ezingekho semthethweni. "
U-Lippman ujongana nesiluleko esiqhelekileyo sokuba abaqhankqalazi bazibophelele kwiindlela ezisemthethweni zokuchasa, ezinje ngokucela abantu ukuba babekho. Ucaphula iJaji uMyron Bright, weNkundla yeZibheno yesi-8. Ukungavisisani eKabat, uJaji Bright wathi: “Kufuneka siyiqonde into yokuba ukungathobeli kwabantu ngeendlela ezohlukeneyo, ezisetyenziswa ngaphandle kwezenzo zobundlobongela kwabanye, kufakwe kuluntu lwethu kunye nokuziphatha okuchanekileyo kwezimvo zabaqhankqalazi bezopolitiko ngamanye amaxesha kuye kwatshintsha kwaye kwaphucula imeko yethu. eluntwini. ”
Imizekelo ayinikiweyo yayiquka iBoston Tea Party, ukutyikitywa kweSibhengezo senkululeko, kunye nokungathobeli imithetho ye- "Jim Crow" yakutshanje, enje nge-counter-counter sit-ins. Kabat, 797 F.2d kwi-601 United States v. Kabat, 797 F.2d 580 (8th Cir. 1986).
KuNjingalwazi Lippman, “Amanyala anamhlanje asenokuba ngomso lyric. "
Ngoko ke, ndiya kugqiba ngala mazwi avela kwingoma abaninzi bethu bayazi: "Ma kubekho uxolo emhlabeni. Kwaye makuqale kum. "
Qaphela ukuba uPhil wanqunyanyiswa kumhlathi wesihlanu, enika amanani abantu ababulewe ziidrones, xa i-DA Solovey yayiphikisa ikhankanya ukubaluleka kwayo kunye neCurran ixhasa inkcaso. UPhil akakwazanga ukugqibezela ingxelo yakhe, kodwa ibandakanyiwe kule ngxelo kuba wanikezela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo olunokuba luncedo kwiimeko ezizayo.
UCurran ubuze uPhil ukuba ubungqina bakhe bunantoni na engenasiphambeko kwaye uPhil waqala ukuthetha malunga nokuba kutheni ehamba kwisiseko xa i-DA iphazamisayo kwaye yathi akukho nto malunga nommiselo. Njengoko uPhil wayezama ukuzama ukuchaza ijaji ngezenzo zakhe, uCurran waya esiba nomsindo kwaye ecaphuka. Uthe akafunanga kufundiswa nguPhil malunga neNuremberg.
UPhil wazama ukucacisa ukuba wayesebenza phantsi kwenkolelo yokuba unyanzelekile ukuba angene kwisiseko, kwaye sinyanzelekile ukuba sibandakanyeke ekuchaseni imfazwe engekho mthethweni. Kwakhona, uCurran wenza ingxoxo yakhe yakudala yokuba inkundla yakhe ayizukuxelela u-Obama ukuba le nto ayenzayo ayikho semthethweni. Oko kuyaqhubeka kuyimpikiswano engeyonyani eyenziwa yijaji kuninzi lwezilingo zethu.
UFil wayephikelela kakhulu ukuzama ukufumana ingcamango yakhe kwaye waqhubeka ephikisana naye, kodwa ijaji yayingayiva into ayithethayo.
Ekugqibeleni ijaji yathi inetyala kwaye isohlwayo seedola ezingama-232 UPhil uthe ufuna ukunika ingxelo yokuvala. UCurran uthe lihambile ixesha, kugqityiwe, kwaye waphakama wakhawuleza waphuma enkundleni. Ndixhalabile ngejaji engavumiyo ukunika ingxelo yokuvala. Ngaba kusemthethweni?
Le ngxelo yokuvala uPhil wayekuthanda ukubonisa.
Ndimi nabo ndibamangalelana nabo kwinkolelo yokuba ukuthula phambi kokungabikho kokusesikweni kokuziphatha kakubi, okungekho semthethweni kunye nokulwa nemfazwe yedrone eqhutywa ngurhulumente wethu kusenza sizibandakanye kwezi zenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Kwaye ndiyabungqina kwaye ndiyabuxhasa ubungqina babo phambi kwale nkundla.
Encwadini yakhe ethi The New Crusade: iMfazwe yaseMerika ngoBugcisa, uRahul Mahajan wabhala wathi, "Ukuba ugqirha luya kunikwa ingcaciso engakhethiyo, kufuneka kuqulethe ukubulawa kwabangenabambani kwiinjongo zezopolitiko, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngubani na owenzayo okanye naziphi iinjongo ezintle azivakalisayo. "Ndicela yakho imbeko ukuba ndiqwalasele okubangela ukuba usongela uxolo kunye nokulungelelanisa-izenzo zeqela ezifana neyethu, okanye ezo zeCIA kunye nezinye i-arhente ezijongene nomgaqo-nkqubo we-drones.
Kwakhona, isiphumo esidimazayo kakhulu, kodwa uPil usikhumbuza ukubaluleka kwento esenzayo nokuba kutheni sifanele siqhubeke njengoko athi, "Ndiyadumala, ukuba iJaji uCranran andivumele ukuba ndigqibe ubungqina bam okanye ndenze isitatimenti sokuvala. Kodwa izigwebo ezinjalo aziyi kuphazamisa
ukuba siqhubeke sithetha inyaniso yethu kumagunya. "
UMary Beth uya kuba yilingo lokugqibela NgoFebruwari 25 kwi-9: 00 am kwiziko iJuniau County "Justice", 200 Oak. ISt. Mauston, WI. Sijoyine apho.
