NguPat Mdala, ngoNovemba 9, 2019
Kwiveki ephelileyo, iBhodi yokuLawulwa kweMithombo yaManzi yaseCalifornia ikhuphe idatha eyayiqokelele ungcoliseko lwePFAS emigodini kulo lonke ilizwe. Nabani na onolwazi malunga nePFAS, ovavanya idatha yabo eluhlaza, unokugqiba ukuba imithombo yamanzi yaseCalifornia ikwimeko embi kakhulu kwaye impilo yamakhulu amawaka abahlali baseCalifornia isengozini ngokusela amanzi empompo.
Urhulumente uvavanyelwe i-14 yeentlobo ezingaphezu kwe-5,000 zePFAS, kubandakanya ezimbini ezona ntlobo zaziwayo zisongela impilo yabantu, i-PFOS ne-PFOA.
IBhodi yaManzi iyalela uluntu ukuba eli phepha kwi-PFAS. Abantu bayalelwa ukuba sukhethe ithebhu "yaManzi okusela" emva koko "Iziphumo zoVavanyo lweNkqubo yaManzi kaRhulumente," kodwa iziphumo ezitsha kuvavanyo lwePFAS azifumaneki ngale ndlela. Ukufumana yonke i-database ye-PFAS ngefomathi egqwesileyo, uluntu kufuneka lazi ukuba lujonge ntoni okanye malunikwe ngabasebenzi. Ukufikelela kwidatha ye-PFAS eluhlaza, ukungena "kumjikelo wokuqala wesampula ye-PFAS" kuya kukhokelela ekungeneni kwesihlanu okunekhonkco kwiphepha eligqabileyo:PFAS Ukubeka iliso kwi-np TP. ” Ispredishithi iqulethe imiqolo ye-9,130 yedatha, isenza ukuba kube nzima kuluntu olusela amanzi ukuba luchaze-ukuba banokulufumana.
UBlair Robertson, igosa lezolwazi loluntu kwiBhodi yaManzi, akazange abuyise umnxeba ngexesha leli bali, ngelixa abo babiza umnxeba kwi-ofisi yebhodi yamanzi baxelelwa ukuba yonke indawo ayifumaneki.
Ngeli xesha, imephu yokusebenzisana ebandakanya iziphumo zeBhodi yaManzi LA Times inikezela kuphela idatha kwi-PFOS / PFOA kwaye iyasilela ukulungisa ukungcoliseka kolunye uhlobo lwePFAS eyingozi.
Nangona i-PFOS kunye ne-PFOA ziluhlobo oludumileyo lwe-PFAS, ezinye iikhemikhali ze-PFAS ezinzima inokuba yingozi nangakumbi kwimpilo yabantu ngandlel 'ithile. ICalifornia yavavanya imithombo ye-568 yePFOS ne-PFOA, kunye nokuhluka kweekhemikhali ze12 zePFAS:
Musa ukuvumela amehlo akho ukuba akhanye ngaphezulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwezi khemikhali emanzini okusela kumanqanaba amancinci kunokuthi kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho ongekazalwa uya kukhuseleka kwisifo sombefu okanye ahlupheke yimeko yokukhula okanye yokuziphatha. Sela la manzi kwaye unokuba negalelo kuma-testicular, isibindi, nomhlaza wezintso, okanye ukunciphisa amajoni okubulala izifo.
Ke kwakudimaza ukubona i LA Times Nikezela ngeenkcukacha-manani eluntwini ngemaphu esebenzisana nayo ebonisa kuphela iitotoli ze-PFOS / PFOA.
Kwimithombo ye-568 evavanyiweyo, i-308 (54.2%) kufunyenwe ukuba inemichiza eyahlukeneyo yeekhemikhali zePFAS.
Iindawo ze-19,228 ngethililiyoni (ppt) yeendlela ze-14 ze-PFAS ezivavanyiweyo zifunyenwe kuloo mthombo we-308. I-51% yayiyeye-PFOS okanye ye-PFOA ngelixa i-49% eseleyo yayizezinye ze-PFAS ezidweliswe apha ngasentla ezaziwa ngokuba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo yabantu.
Khetha ityhefu yakho.
I-US, i-Arhente yoKhuselo lweNdalo, (i-EPA) ineNgcebiso yezeMpilo enganyanzelekanga yeenxalenye ze70 ngesigidi esinye seetriliyoni zePFOS / PFOA. Xa amanqanaba e-PFOS / PFOA ephezulu kwi-70 ppt, imithombo ivaliwe eCarlifonia, nangona ezinye iikhemikhali ze-PFAS zingaphantsi kwemida. Izazi zezendalo zilumkisa ukuba umda wokuzithandela we-EPA uphakame kakhulu, esithi amanzi okusela mawangaze adlule I-1 ppt yayo nayiphi na imichiza yePFAS.
Ukungabikho kwe-EPA esebenzayo, amazwe kulo lonke eli angxamile eza kumisela amanqanaba okunyanzela anyanzelekileyo (ii-MCL) kwi-PFAS eyahlukeneyo kwi-10 ppt ukuya kwi-20 ppt Uluhlu kumanzi omhlaba asele kunye namanzi okusela. I-California isandula ukusekwa Amanqanaba okwazisa -I-PFOS kunye ne-PFOA kuphela-kwi-6.5 ppt kunye ne-5.1 ppt emanzini okusela ngokwahlukeneyo. Amanqanaba esaziso adala iimfuno ezithile zabanikezeli bamanzi, nangona uluntu lungaqhubeka nokusela amanzi.
Ispredishithi esingezantsi, sithathwe kwidatha yeBhodi yaManzi, sibonisa iziphumo ezingama-23 zaseCalifornia ezivavanye ngaphezulu kunengcebiso ye-EPA yeenxalenye ezingama-70 ngeetriliyoni zePFOS / PFOA.
Kwiisampulu ze-23 apha ngasentla, ezinye "i-PFAS" zibalwe nge-49% yetotali. Ezisixhenxe zeesampulu zamanzi ezingcolisekileyo zifunyenwe eCorona, ikhaya kwisityalo sokwenza i3M.
Iwebhusayithi ye-LA Times iyalela uluntu ukuba lufake igama ledolophu yalo kwindawo yokukhangela. Ukwenza oku eBurbank kuvuna le mephu ilandelayo:
Umzobo we-LA Times ubonakalisa amaqula alishumi e-Burbank angenangcoliso lwe-PFOS / PFOA, ekhokelela abaninzi ukuba bakholelwe ukuba amanzi amnandi alungile. I-LA Times iyasilela ukunika uluntu ukufikelela ekungcoleni okubangelwa yenye imichiza ye-PFAS efumaneka emanzini.
Uviwo olusondeleyo lwephepha lokungcwaba elibonisa ukungangeniswa kweBurbank:
Burbank's OU Well VO-1 Ungcoliseko lwe108.4 ppt yezi ntlobo zePFAS:
IPERFLUOROHEXANE SULFONIC ACID (I-PFHxS) I-20 ppt
IPERFLUOROHEXANOIC ACID (I-PFHxA) 69
PERFLUOROBUTANESULFONIC ACID (I-PFBS) 10
IPERFLUOROHEPTANOIC ACID (I-PFHpA) 9.4
Bambalwa abonakala ngathi bayazikhathalela ezi khemikhali kwaye kungenxa yokuba i-EPA yecandelo elinobuhlobo ayibonisi kukhathazeka. I-California kufuneka ikhokele ekukhuseleni impilo yabemi bayo.
Ezi khemikhali ziyingozi, kwaye amanqanaba azo kufuneka alawulwe ngokusondeleyo kwaye axelwe kuluntu ngawo onke amazwe nakurhulumente womanyano. Izifundo ezithunyelweyo kwiKomiti yoPhononongo lokuNgcolisisa izinto eziNgcolisayo ye Ingqungquthela yeStockholm Xela ezi zinto uzifumanisileyo ngePFHxS. (I-US ihlulekile ukuqinisekisa le mvumelwano ibalulekileyo.)
- I-PFHxS ifunyenwe kwigazi le-umbilical intambo kwaye idluliselwa kwi-umbungu ukuya kwinqanaba elikhulu kunelo libikwa kwi-PFOS.
- Izifundo zibonise umanyano phakathi kwamanqanaba e-serum e-PFHxS kunye namanqanaba e-serum ye-cholesterol, i-lipoproteins, i-triglycerides kunye ne-fatty acids.
- Iziphumo kwendlela yehomoni ye-thyroid ibonakalisiwe ye-PFHxS kwizifundo zesifo.
- Ukuvezwa kokukhulelwa kwi-PFHxS kunxulunyaniswa nokwenzeka kwezifo ezosulelayo (ezinjenge-ottis media, inyumonia, intsholongwane ye-RS kunye ne-varicella) kubomi bokuqala.
Kwaye yenye yeekhemikhali "ezinye zePFAS" eBurbank. Jonga iiprofayili zetyhefu: I-PFHxA, I-PFBS kwaye I-PFHpA.
Amanzi amdaka eBurbank anetyhefu.
Ukuba umntu uhlala kufutshane nequla elinamanqanaba aphezulu e-PFAS ayithethi ukuba amanzi apompo avela kulowo mthombo, nangona kunjalo kunjalo. Kwakhona, ukuba amanzi empompo avela kwindawo enezinto ezininzi zamaqula, uluntu lusenokungawazi owona mthombo wamanzi abawaselayo. Abantu kufuneka baqale ukunxibelelana nababoneleli beenkonzo zabo bamanzi kwaye abafazi abakhulelweyo akufuneki basele amanzi empompo nangawona mancinci yePFAS. Uninzi lweenkqubo zokucocwa kwamanzi ekhaya azinakho ukuzicoca ezi carcinogen.
Ibhodi yamanzi yaseCalifornia State yavavanya izikhululo zeenqwelo moya, indawo zokugcina inkunkuma eqinileyo kamasipala, kunye nemithombo yokusela yamanzi kwimitha ye-1-mile engamanzi eyaziwa ngokuba ine-PFAS. Umkhosi wawungagxilanga kolu phando, nangona isiseko esinye, isikhululo seNqanawa yoLwandle i-Naval Air China Lake singcolise umthombo kwi-8,000,000 ppt. yePFOS / PFOA, ngokwe DOD. Ngapha koko, i-DOD ibika ukuba iCalifornia inayo Ukufakwa komkhosi kwi-598 kwimimandla ene-5,819, nangona idatha yongcoliseko lwePFAS uninzi lwezi ndawo ayifumaneki eluntwini.
UAnna Reade weBhunga lezoKhuseleko lwezeNdalo uthi ibhodi yamanzi kufuneka yandise ukugxila kwayo kwi-PFOS nakwi-PFOA. "Ukugxininisa kwimithi emibini kuphela kwihlathi eliphantse le-5,000 kuya kubeka emngciphekweni amandla oMbuso ukuba bobabini bafumane umfanekiso ogcweleyo malunga nale ngxaki okanye baqulunqe izisombululo ezifanelekileyo kule ngxaki." ubhala.
Lixesha lokuba uvuke kwaye unuke ikofu- eBurbank- nakulo lonke ilizwe. Musa nje ukuyisela de uqiniseke ukuba ayingcoliswanga ngamachiza e-PFAS.
