Ngu-Amada Benavides de Pérez, ngo-Epreli 11, 2020
ukusuka Iphulo leMhlaba loLwazi lwezoXolo
Uxolo, wamkelekile
Yenzelwe abantwana inkululeko
Koonina, ubomi
Ukuphila ngokuzola
Lo ngumbongo uJuan [1] owabhala ngoSuku lweHlabathi loXolo, nge-21 kaSeptemba ngo-2019. Ekunye nolunye ulutsha, wathatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yethu. Bacule iingoma babhala imiyalezo ebhekisa kulo mhla, ngethemba njengesibhengezo, bengabemi bommandla apho i-FARC yayikomkhulu kwaye namhlanje yindawo yoxolo. Nangona kunjalo, nge-4 ka-Epreli, abadlali abatsha emfazweni babumfamekisa ubomi beli tyendyana, utata wakhe - inkokheli yomanyano lwabasebenzi - nomnye wabantakwabo. Konke oku phakathi kwexesha elibekiweyo elibekwe nguRhulumente njengenyathelo lokulawula ubhubhane we-COVID -19. Lo mzekelo womntu wokuqala ubonakalisa izoyikiso ezininzi ezenzeka kumazwe anezixhobo zokulwa zangaphambili kunye nezentlalo, ezinje ngemeko yeColombia.
“Kukho abo, ngelishwa, 'ukuhlala ekhaya' ayisiyongxaki. Ayizondlela zokhetho kwiintsapho ezininzi, uninzi lwabantu, ngenxa yokuphindaphindana kwengxwabangxwaba kunye nobundlobongela, ”[2] ibingamazwi amabhaso weGoldman Prize, uFrancia Márquez. Kuwe nezinye iinkokeli, ukufika kwamatyala e-COVID-19 kulwenzakalisa ngakumbi ixhala eliba nalo abahlali ngenxa yeengxabano. NgokukaLeyner Palacios, inkokeli ehlala eChokco, ukongeza kwi-COVID-19, kufuneka bajongane “nobhubhane” wokungabi “ne-aqueducts, amayeza, okanye abasebenzi bezonyango ukuba basimamele.”
Ubhubhane kunye neendlela zokulawula ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwayo kuchaphazele imeko zodidi oluphezulu nolusembindini wedolophu, isixeko esikhulu esihlala kwezoqoqosho, nakwizithili zaseColombia.
Ngaphezulu kwesigidi se-13 sabantu abahlala eColombia kuqoqosho olungekho sikweni, bejonga yonke imihla ukufumana imali encinci yokuphila. Eli qela libandakanya abantu abaxhomekeke kwintengiso engacwangciswanga, oosomashishini abancinci nabancinci, abasetyhini abanemisebenzi engathandekiyo, kunye namaqela abekade engekho ngaphambili. Abakhange bahambisane nezithintelo ezibekiweyo, kuba abahlali banengxaki, ngamagama abo: "Yibulawe yintsholongwane okanye yindlala." Phakathi komhla wama-25 ukuya kowama-31 kweyoKwindla bekukho ubuncinci bezinto ezingama-22 zokukhuthaza, i-54% yazo yenzekile kwiidolophu ezinkulu nakwi-46% kwabanye oomasipala. [3] Bacele kuRhulumente amanyathelo amanyathelo enkxaso, athe, nangona enikiwe, awanelanga, kuba ngamanyathelo enziwa kwimibono yooyise kwaye akaxhasi okanye ahoye uhlaziyo olupheleleyo. Abahlali bayanyanzeliswa ukuba baphule izithintelo zokwahlulwa, babeke emngciphekweni omkhulu ubomi babo kunye noluntu lwabo. Idityaniswa naleyo, kula maxesha unxibelelwano phakathi koqoqosho olungekho sesikweni kunye noqoqosho olungekho mthethweni luya kukhula kwaye lwonyuse ukungqubana kwezentlalo.
Ngokunxulumene ne-Colombia yasemaphandleni, njengoko kumiselwe nguRamón Iriarte, "Elinye i-Colombia lilizwe 'lokuhlala bodwa'. Abantu bayabaleka bazifihle kuba bayazi ukuba apha bajamelene nezisongelo. ” Kwiiveki zokugqibela zika-Matshi bekukho imiqondiso yamandla anokuthi abekhona ngeli bhubhane: ukuxabana nokubulawa kweenkokheli zentlalo, izehlo ezintsha zokugxothwa kwiindawo ekuhlala kuzo abantu nokuvalelwa, ukuvuselela ukuhamba kwabantu abafudukela kwamanye amazwe kunye neempahla ngenxa yeendlela ezingekho mthethweni, uqhankqalazo noqhanqalazo kwezinye. izixeko, ukwanda kwemililo yehlathi kwimimandla efana neAmazon, kunye nenkcaso yabanye abantu ukunyanzelwa ukupheliswa kwezityalo ezingekho mthethweni. Kwelinye icala, ukufuduka kwaseVenezuela, kubalwe namhlanje kubantu abangaphezu kwesigidi samakhulu asibhozo amawaka, abahlala kwiimeko ezinobungozi kakhulu, ngaphandle kokufumana ukutya, izindlu, impilo kunye nomsebenzi ofanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba yeyiphi ifuthe elinokubakho kwindawo yomda, ivaliwe njengenxalenye yamanyathelo okusabela kwintsholongwane. Apho, uncedo loorhulumente lokunceda abantu lilinganiselwe kwaye uninzi lwempendulo lubonelelwa yintsebenziswano yamanye amazwe, neyazise ukumiswa okwethutyana kwemisebenzi yayo.
NgokweFundacion Ideas para la Paz [4], i-COVID-19 iya kuba negalelo kwiimpikiswano zokungqubana kwezixhobo nasekuphunyezweni kwesivumelwano soxolo, kodwa iziphumo zayo ziya kwahluka kwaye kungabi yinto embi kwaphela. Isibhengezo se-ELN sokupheliswa kobunye kunye nokubekwa kukaRhulumente kwabaPhathi boxolo ziindaba ezizisa ithemba.
Okokugqibela, ukuhlala yedwa kukwabangela ukuba ubundlobongela basekhaya bukhulise, ngakumbi ngokuchasene nabasetyhini kunye namantombazana. Ukunxibelelana kwiindawo ezincinci kukhula amanqanaba ezongquzulwano kunye nobundilele ngokuchasene nobuthathaka. Oku kunokubonakala kuseto oluninzi, kodwa kunefuthe elikhulu kwiindawo zokulwa.
Ke umbuzo ngulo: manyathelo mani ekufuneka elungisiwe ngeli xesha leengxaki, zombini kwinqanaba likarhulumente, uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe, kunye noluntu?
Isiphumo sesibetho esibalulekileyo kukubuyiselwa kwengqondo yoluntu kunye nezibophelelo zikaRhulumente zokuqinisekisa ngokudibeneyo kwamalungelo oluntu kunye nesidima somntu. Oku kubandakanya isidingo sokulawula iimeko zomsebenzi kwisithuba esitsha sedigital. Umbuzo kwezi meko, ingaba amazwe atyhafileyo angaphinda kanjani umkhombandlela woluntu, xa amandla abo esikelwe umda, nakwiimeko eziqhelekileyo?
Kodwa ukunika amandla amakhulu oRhulumente kunye nolawulo kunganikeza indlela yokwamkelwa kwamanyathelo oxinzelelo, wokunyanzela kunye nokugunyazisa, njengakwenzekileyo kumazwe apho imigqaliselo ecinezelayo egqithisileyo ibeka ixesha lesikhathi sokufika kunye nezisongelo zokunyanzelisa amanyathelo ngenxaso yomkhosi. Imizimba yokungena kunye nokulawula inani labantu ukusuka kwi-Biopower yayizakhiwo ezazilindelwe yiFoucault kule nkulungwane idlulileyo.
Olunye uhlobo oluphakathi luye lwavela koorhulumente basekhaya. Ukusuka eNew York ukuya eBogotá naseMedellín, banike iimpendulo ezifika ngexesha elifanelekileyo nezisebenzayo kubemi, ngokwahlukileyo kwendawo eneengcinga ezibandayo kunye nokubandayo ethathwe kwimibutho yelizwe. Ukomeleza le misebenzi kunye nobuchule kwimisebenzi yendawo kunye namanqanaba kubalulekile, ngokudityaniswa okuhambelana nezenzo zesizwe nezelizwe. Sebenza kwalapha ekhaya, ukuba nefuthe kwilizwe jikelele.
Kwimfundo yoxolo, lithuba lokuvekisa kwimicimbi kunye neenqobo ezisisiseko zokuhamba kwethu: ukuqinisa isimilo sokukhathalela, esijolise kuthi, kwabanye abantu, kwezinye izidalwa eziphilayo nakwindawo esihlala kuyo; yomeleza imfuneko yokhuseleko olupheleleyo lwamalungelo; ukuqhubela phambili ekuzinikeleni ekupheliseni ubuzwilakhe kunye nokulwa; phinda ucinge ngeendlela ezintsha zoqoqosho zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa nokukhusela indalo; phatha ukungqubana kwiindlela ezingavisisaniyo zokuthintela ukwanda kokuxhatshazwa ngobuqhetseba ngamaxesha okuvalelwa kunye nangamaxesha onke.
Kukho imiceli mngeni emininzi, amathuba amaninzi okuvumela uJuan nabanye abantu abatsha esisebenza nabo ukuba sithi:
Ubomi, umoya
Ngomoya, nentliziyo
Kwentliziyo, uthando
Uthando, inkohliso.
Amanqaku kunye neeReferensi
[1] Igama elenzelwe ukukhusela igama lakhe
[2] https: //www.cronicadelquindio.com/noticia-completa-titulo- xhoba-del -xabto-claman-por-cese-de-violencia-ante- pandemia-cronica-del-quindio-nota-138178
[3] http://ideaspaz.org/media/website/FIP_COVID19_web_FINAL_ V3.pdf
[4] http://ideaspaz.org/media/website/FIP_COVID19_web_FINAL_V3.pdf
Amada Benavides ngutitshala waseColombia onesidanga kwezemfundo, izifundo zesidanga sokuqala kwizenzululwazi zentlalo kunye nobudlelwane bamazwe aphesheya. Usebenze kuwo onke amanqanaba emfundo esesikweni, ukusuka kwizikolo eziphakamileyo ukuya kumgangatho wokugqibela. Ukusukela ngo-2003, u-Amada ebengumongameli weSiseko seZikolo zoXolo, kwaye ukusukela nge2011 ezinikele ngokupheleleyo ekukhuthazeni iinkcubeko zoxolo ngemfundo yoxolo eColombia kwimeko esesikweni nengekho sesikweni. Ukusukela ngo-2004 -2011, wayelilungu leQela elisebenzayo leZizwe eziManyeneyo ekusetyenzisweni kweeMenenja, iOfisi yoMkomishinala oPhezulu wamaLungelo oluNtu. Ngoku usebenza kwimimandla yasemva komlo ekuhlalwa kuyo yi-FARC, exhasa ootitshala nolutsha ekuphumezeni izivumelwano zoxolo.
