Imfazwe ephikisanayo kunye neSmile

NguDavid Swanson

Amagqabantshintshi kwi-teacher-in kwi-Spring Rising event Matshi 20, 2015, i-UDC Law School. Qaphela: I-Rally kwi-White House yimini, nge-21 kaMatshi.

Amaxesha amaninzi kunokuba ndiwabala, emva kokuba ndinike intetho malunga nemfazwe noxolo ngaphandle kweenyembezi emehlweni am emva koko ndiye ndatyholwa okanye ndabizwa ngokuba nethemba. Njengokuthi "Yintoni isihogo onethemba ngayo?" okanye “Owu, ndivuya kakhulu ukuba unethemba.” Ke, njengoko ebeya kuthetha umntu wethu walapha weNobel Laureate, makhe ndicace: Andingomthetheleli wokuba nethemba, andinantlonelo ngalo, kwaye njengenyani ndiyijongela phantsi ngokunzulu. Ndakhe ndadlana indlebe nengcali yokwenyani kuzo zombini iingozi zenyukliya kunye nokuwohloka kwendalo, umntu endimhlonela ngokwenene kwaye ndifunde kuye, kwaye ndambuza ukuba ucinga ukuba singasinda kwezi zingozi zimbini. Ewe, wavuma, akukho mathandabuzo. Ngoba? Kuba, wathi, ukuba ubukela iimuvi zihlala ziphela ngolonwabo. Andithethi loo nto njengengcaciso engaziyo yokuzithemba kwakhe. Ndithetha ukuba yilento ayithethayo ayiphinda-phinda xa ndimbuza ndingakholelwa. Ngenxa yokuba iHollywood, ingakhankanyi iinoveli, imidlalo, iikhathuni, njl., zivame ukuba neziphelo ezonwabileyo, ubuncinci kwinkcubeko yethu, ngokunjalo neentlobo zethu. Intoni? Oko, kum, kumalunga nengqiqo njengoko ibango likaSamantha Powers lokuba ukuqhushumbisa i-Iraq kuya kusebenza ngcono ukuba sinikela ingqalelo encinci kwindlela esebenze ngayo ibhombu eLibya. Ukuba iHollywood yimzobo ochanekileyo wenyaniso, ngoko ke intshutshiso iyasebenza, ubundlobongela abufane bube buhlungu, kwaye ukuleqa ngesantya esiphezulu kwiimoto zedolophu akufane kwenzeke kwenzakalisa nabani na. Ngaba sikwinqanaba lokukhuthazana elubala ukuba sibe zizidenge? Leyo yindlela endikujonga ngayo ukuba nethemba.

Ngoku, xa ndichasa imfazwe yase-US kwi-ISIS, ndityholwa ngokuxhasa imfazwe ye-ISIS e-United States. Ngapha koko, ukuba uchasene nelinye icala kufuneka ube kwelinye. Ngoko, xa ndikuchasa ukuba nethemba, ngokuqhelekileyo ndityholwa ngokuxhasa ukungabi nathemba. Ukanti, eneneni, ndibona ukungabi nathemba njengewele elingendawo eliguqukayo. Kwaye ndikugqala ukusasazwa kokungabi nathemba kolwazi njengokungcatsha indalo iphela. Oku kungenxa yokuba andiqondi ukuba umntu ufanele asebenzele ukuthintela ukufa nokubandezeleka ngenjongo yokunandipha impumelelo. Xa usenza loo nto, uphela usebenzela uxolo kuphela kwezo meko apho impumelelo iqinisekisiwe okanye inokufike ngokukhawuleza. Ngoku, ndifumanisa ukuba ukuzabalazela uxolo nobulungisa kunomvuzo omkhulu, kodwa oko akunanto yakwenza nempumelelo yamathuba athile, ulindelo lwempumelelo, okanye ngokuqinisekileyo imivuzo enengeniso. Ndifumanisa ukuba ukuzabalazela uxolo nobulungisa kusisiphelo ngokwako, njengoko uCamus' Sisyphus wafumana ukuqengqeleka ilitye endulini kuyinzaliseko evuyisayo.

Ukuba nethemba kunye nokungabi nathemba kubonakala kusecaleni kwenqaku, kunye nokuzonwabisa kancinci. Kwaye ngoko andithethi ukuba kufuneka senze ngaphandle kokuqwalaselwa kobuchule kwezona ndlela zinokwenzeka ezikhokelela empumelelweni. Yeyiphi enye indlela yokwenza ekhoyo? Ukuba sinokunciphisa umonakalo kwimfazwe ethile ehlala incinci, kufuneka senze njalo nokuba singathanda ukupeyinta umfanekiso ocacileyo wokuba ihlabathi elingenalo iziko lemfazwe liya kubonakala njani. Ukhetho phakathi kokufuna ezinye iindlela zemfazwe, njengoko amangqina amabini kwamane kwisiganeko seCongressional Progressive Caucus enzile kule veki, kwaye ekhuthaza imfazwe ephucukileyo nelinganiselweyo njengoko amanye amangqina amabini enzile, lukhetho olucwangcisiweyo, kungekhona umbuzo wobuntu okanye ukhetho lweemvakalelo okanye uphawu lwezodiacal. Ukuba asivezi ezinye iindlela, ingqiqo yemfazwe-okanye-akukho nto iya kusifaka emfazweni ukuya kutsho ezintanyeni zethu.

Ndidibene namawaka abantu abalwela uxolo kule minyaka mininzi idlulileyo, kwaye andinqweneli nokuba abe mnye kubo. Kufuneka umntu ngamnye azise iwaka ngakumbi kulo mbutho. Kodwa ndifumanisa ukuba mna, njengomntu ongakholelwa kuThixo onqwenela ihlabathi elingaphaya kwenkolo kunye nemfazwe, uhlala ethanda ukuba noxabiso olukhulu kubalweli boxolo abaqhutywa yinkolo, kwaye ndiyakholelwa ukuba sihlala sinoninzi lokufunda kubo. Kutheni le nto inokuba njalo? Kaloku, phakathi kwezinye izinto, batyekele ekubeni bangaphenjelelwa lithemba okanye ukungabi nathemba kodwa baphenjelelwa yenye into, abanokuthi bayicaphukele uThixo ngemfazwe yaye ndisenokukutolika njengokuyicekisa kwabo imfazwe. Ukongeza, abaqhelekanga njengoko baqhutywa kukuthantamisana, kodwa endaweni yoko kukuchasa imfazwe. Kwaye ngokubhekele phaya, abanako ukuchasa imfazwe ethile ngelixa bethanda abanye, kodwa ukubona imfazwe enye echaseneyo njengenyathelo lokuphelisa zonke iimfazwe. Ngaphezulu koko, banokuthi benze ingxabano yokuziphatha ngokubulala abantu abenza ngaphezu kwe-95% yamaxhoba eemfazwe zase-US, ezizezi abantu abahlala apho iimfazwe zilwa khona.

Kwaye nantsi isizathu sokuba ndikhethe loo ndlela ngaphandle kokuba ndala njengesiseko sakudala: Ndicinga ukuba yeyona nto inokwenzeka ukuba isebenze. Imfazwe yase-US yathintelwa ngo-2013 ngenxa yokuba abantu abaninzi babecinga ukuba ivakala kakhulu njengemfazwe eyaqala ngo-2003. Kodwa akukho ndlela yimbi eyalandelwayo kuba sasingekachazi ukuba sinokuthatha enye indlela ehlabathini. Ke iinkosi zemfazwe zabiza ixesha labo, zavuselela imfazwe ngabaqeqeshi kunye nezixhobo, kwaye zaqalisa imfazwe efanayo, nangona kwelinye icala lengxabano, ngo-2014 xa i-propaganda yayilungile. Ngaloo nto ndithetha iividiyo zokunqunyulwa kwentloko, ezazifana kakhulu nokunqunyulwa kwentloko okwenziwe yiSaudi Arabia kunye namanye amahlakani ase-US, kodwa ezi zisetyenziselwa ukwenza imvume yesisombululo somkhosi kwingxaki evuma wonke umntu ukuba ayinaso isisombululo somkhosi nangona imvelaphi yasemkhosini.

Xa silindele imfazwe efanelekileyo, imfazwe efanelekileyo ihlala ifika. Kwaye kusoloko kulukhetho olungalunganga.

Imfazwe inezixhobo ezininzi ezitsha kule mihla. Ngubani onokundixelela indlela enye imfazwe ebulala ngayo abantu abaninzi? Yikhwaza nje.

Ukuba uthe ngokuthatha izibonelelo ezifunekayo kude kwiimfuno zabantu uchanekile, kwaye ukuba kukho nabuphi na ubulungisa siya kufumana iBhaso likaMongameli Obama leNobel ligqithiselwe kuwe, kuba ngoku wenze ngaphezulu kunoko kufuneka afumane.

Sithanda ukucaphuka malunga neendleko zemali zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwemfazwe. Nangona kunjalo uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwesiqhelo lwasemkhosini, oluthi ngandlel' ithile lujongwe njengengeyiyo imfazwe ngokuqhelekileyo amaxesha ali-10 kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwemfazwe. Isisombululo kule asilophicotho-zincwadi, hayi ukuphelisa ukusetyenziswa kwengxowa-mali ye-slush kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwemfazwe, kwaye kungaphelisi ukwenziwa kwezixhobo ezingasebenziyo. Izixhobo ezingasebenziyo zikhethwa kakhulu kunezixhobo ezisebenzayo - ndithetha ukuba ukwicala lamaxhoba kunokuba ukwicala lababulali. Ihlabathi lichitha malunga neebhiliyoni ezi-2 zeerandi kumalungiselelo emfazwe nyaka ngamnye, yaye iUnited States iyodwa ichitha isiqingatha sayo. Ngeli xesha amashumi eebhiliyoni anokusombulula indlala, amanzi acocekileyo, kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinkulu, kungekuphela nje kwindawo ethile yentlekele kodwa kwihlabathi liphela. Olo khetho lwendlela yokuchitha imali engaqondakaliyo yindlela ephezulu yokubulala imfazwe.

Xa sithenga iintengiso zeTV njengombutho omnye osandul 'ukwenza, ukuxhasa idiplomacy kunye ne-Iran kodwa ngobuxoki sithetha ukuba i-Iran izama ukwakha isixhobo senyukliya kwaye isoyikisa ukuyisebenzisa, kwaye ichaza ukuba ingozi kwimfazwe e-Iran kukuba abantu baseMelika banokufa, siyathanda ukucinga ukuba sinobuchule. Ngapha koko, abantu bayazingca yaye baziziyatha, yaye ubani umele abhenele kukuzingca nobudenge babo. Andicingi njalo. Ukuba i-Iran ibizama ngokwenene ukwakha i-nuke kwaye isibulale sonke (kubandakanywa nabo ngokwabo) ndingoyika kwaye ndoyame ekungathembani kwaye ndingakhuthaza indlela enzima. Ukuba imfazwe yokuthintela ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kuka-Israyeli inokuthintelwa ngenene ngokubeka esichengeni sokufa kwabantu base-US, ndingajonga ukuba bubugorha nobunene-kwaye ndingaziva ndinyanzelekile ukuba ndibhalise. Ibalulekile xa intetho yethu kunye neenyani esizixelayo kunye neenyani esingazixeleli zikhokelela abantu kude nesenzo esiyicebisayo.

Ngendlela, unyaka omtsha e-Iran uqala ngo-6:45 kwaye siyaxolisa kuye nabani na ongakwaziyo ukuba lapha ngenxa yeso sizathu. Okubuhlungu kukuba, kukho iholide yeqela elahlukileyo labantu ngalo naluphi na usuku esilukhethayo, kwaye kufuneka sicwangcise izinto kangangoko sinako.

Masibuyele ku-2013 okomzuzwana. Abantu kunye namaqela athanda uxolo, okanye ubuncinci ixesha lokuphuma emfazweni, baxoxile, kwezinye iimeko, ukuba ukutyalomali kwizikolo zase-US kunye neendlela kunye neepaki kuya kukhethwa ukuchitha imali yethu kwi-2 yezigidi zeemiliyoni zaseSyria. Smart kunye neqhinga, akunjalo? Ukubhenela kukuzingca ukuze kuthintelwe oko uSeymour Hersh wakuveza kamva njengephulo elikhulu lokutshabalalisa iSyria emoyeni. Kodwa abaphumi-mkhosi bobuntu banikwa ithuba lokuvuleka baza batsiba kulo. Kufuneka siqhumisele ngebhombu iSiriya kuba siyawakhathalela amaSiriya, batsho. Ukwala ingxabano yokuba ama-Iraqis akaphumelelanga ukuba nombulelo ngokutshatyalaliswa kwe-Iraq, bacebise isisa kunye nesisa, nokuba nobuhlobo, ukusungulwa kwemijukujelwa eSyria ngenxa yokulungelwa kwamaSyria, kwaye bayichasa loo nto ukubawa kwabantu abafuna ngaphezulu, ngaphezulu, ngakumbi ekhaya - isolationist irresponsible yokuqala yeenciniba. Kodwa ke iimfazwe zibiza imali encinci kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nesiseko sohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lomkhosi iCongress ngoku ifuna ukonyuka irekhode iindawo eziphakamileyo, ukanti nohlahlo lwabiwo mali lwemfazwe lunokuxhasa utyalo-mali olukhulu kwiimfuno zabantu ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Kutheni ukhetha? Yaye kutheni uvumela ingxoxo ukuba iqhubeke ngokungazi ukuba abantu abangengabo baseMerika bafa kwiimfazwe, amawaka kunye namawaka abo, abafazi, amadoda, abantwana kunye neentsana?

Kwiveki ephelileyo, i Washington Post Uqhube ikholamu ebanga ukuba imfazwe e-Iran yayilolona khetho lungcono. Khawucinge nje ngomlilo ukuba banokuthi ubuhlanga okanye udlwengulo okanye ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana okanye inkohlakalo kwiikati yayiyeyona nto ingcono. Akukho mntu wayenokuthi "Bashicilela iikholamu ezininzi ngokuchasene namakati angcungcuthekisayo, ngaba unokuyithintela ingxoxo ngokujonga ikholamu enye ekuxhaseni?" Ezinye izinto ngokufanelekileyo zibekwe ngaphaya kommandla wokuziphatha okwamkelekileyo. Hayi imfazwe. NgoLwesithathu, i-Human Rights Watch ikhuphe ingxelo malunga neziganeko ze-31 ka-Agasti yokugqibela xa i-US kunye ne-Iraqi i-airstrike "iqhube imikhosi ye-ISIS kude nedolophu" yase-Amerli. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, abantu abaninzi babhubhile kwaye benzakaliswa kwaye bonzakele (ekwabizwa ngokuba kukugrogriswa) kolu “qhankqalazo lomoya,” kodwa leyo yinxalenye nje yemfazwe, ebingayi kuba sesikweni ukuba i-Human Rights Watch ibuze imibuzo. Into exhalabisa iHuman Rights Watch yile yaqala ngomhla woku-1 kuSeptemba. Malunga nama-6,000 amajoni orhulumente wase-Iraq kunye nemikhosi eyahlukeneyo yangena, kunye nezixhobo zabo zase-US. Batshabalalisa iilali. Badiliza amakhaya, amashishini, iimosque, nezakhiwo zikawonke-wonke. Baphanga. Batsha. Baxhwila. Enyanisweni baziphatha kanye njengokuba imikhosi yayifundisa ukuba nentiyo nokubulala amaqela athile abantu eyayiziphethe kuyo yonke imfazwe erekhodiweyo ngaphambili. I-Human Rights Watch icebisa ukuba i-Iraq ichithe imikhosi kwaye ikhathalele iimbacu ezibalekele ingqumbo yazo, ngelixa "ziphendule" abo banoxanduva lokuphulwa okubhaliweyo "kwemithetho yemfazwe." I-Human Rights Watch ifuna i-United States iseke "imilinganiselo yohlaziyo." Imelwe kukwenza oko. Ukuba nokwenzeka kokuphelisa intatho-nxaxheba emfazweni, ukudala isithintelo sezixhobo, ukuthethathethana ngokupheliswa kokudubula, kunye nokubuyisela ONKE amandla kuncedo kunye nokubuyisela akuveli kwiingxelo ezifanelekileyo kunye nempucuko ukuba ukuziphatha okukhohlisayo kokubulawa kwabantu abaninzi.

Kuthekani ukuba sizama ukulungisa into engenakulungiswa? Ukuba sicela abadlwenguli ukuba banxibe iikhondom? Ngaba akukho zinto zifanele zipheliswe kunokuba zilungiswe ngenxa yokuba zingenako ukulungiswa? Cinga ngokusetyenziswa kwamafutha efosili okanye iinkampani zeinshorensi yezempilo okanye isigwebo sokufa okanye indawo yentolongo okanye iSenate yaseUnited States. Ukuba abantwana bakho abasicengcelezi isibhambathiso sokuthembeka ngaba baya kuba sengozini yokunikela ubomi babo kwiSoviet Union? Ngaba ukuguqula isikhundla sesandla ukuze sijongeke ngaphantsi kwamaNazi kwenza ukuba isibambiso singabi yi-fascist? Ngaba ezinye izinto azigqithisi ukuba luncedo kwazo? Iindinyana zeBhayibhile ezicatshulwe ukubonisa ukuba ukutshintsha kwemozulu asiyonyani zisenokuba zakha zayifeza injongo ethile. Mhlawumbi kwabakho imfazwe.

IKomiti yeQhinga le World Beyond War, ekhokelwa nguKent Shifferd, ivelise uxwebhu endifunde lukhulu kulo. Ibizwa Inkqubo Yokhuseleko Yomhlaba Wonke: Inye indlela eya kwiMfazwe, kwaye iqala ngolu hlobo:

"Ngaphakathi Ulwaphulo-mthetho, UHannah Arendt wabhala ukuba isizathu semfazwe kusekho nathi asingomnqweno wokufa weentlobo zethu okanye ithuku elithile lobundlobongela, '. . . kodwa isibakala esilula sokuba akukho mntu unokuthabatha indawo yalo mlamli wokugqibela kwimicimbi yamazwe ngamazwe ayikavela kwezopolitiko.' INkqubo yoKhuseleko yeHlabathi engenye esiyichaza apha yindawo ebambeleyo. Injongo yolu xwebhu kukuhlanganisana kwindawo enye, ngokufutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka, yonke into ubani afuna ukuyazi ukuze asebenzele ukuphelisa imfazwe ngokufakela iAlternative Global Security System ngokuchasene nenkqubo engaphumelelanga yokhuseleko lwelizwe.”

Xa sijonga isindululo esinengqiqo njengale ncwadi intsha evela World Beyond War, into yokuqala esiyenzayo ayifanele ibe kukhetha ukuba nethemba okanye ukungabi nathemba. Abantu abaninzi bajonga ubukho obungapheliyo bemfazwe ngaphandle kwazo zonke iingxabano ezinengqiqo kwaye barhoxa kwingcamango yokuba abantu baqhutywa kukuthambekela kwe-primitive primate. Ingxaki nge-pessimism ayikho malunga nokuba abalandeli bayo balungile okanye baphosakele kuhlalutyo oluthile, kukuba baguqula uhlalutyo lwabo lube ngulokunqotshwa. Le yinkqubo yokugxeka izinto kwibhayoloji yinxalenye yayo. Kubuninzi bobukho beentlobo zabantu bekungekho mfazwe. Imfazwe, eyathi iwaka leminyaka isondele kumdlalo webhola ekhatywayo kunogwayimbo lwenyukliya, ibisoloko ibakho ngamaxesha athile kwaye ayifane ibekho. Amazwe amaninzi akasoloko emfazweni, yaye abantu abaninzi abathabathi nxaxheba. Kumazwe amaninzi, abantu abaninzi bathi abanakuze bathabathe inxaxheba ekulweleni ilizwe labo. Imfazwe ifuna imeko engaphezulu kunayo nayiphi na enye indlela yokuziphatha, kwaye iziphumo zinomonakalo omkhulu kubathathi-nxaxheba kunayo nayiphi na enye indlela yokuziphatha. Akukho namnye umntu owakhe waphathwa yi-PTSD ngenxa yokungabikho kwemfazwe. Kwaye sikhetha eli ziko ukuba sizithethelele njengento engenakuthintelwa kwaye yendalo?

Hayi, ityala lenziwe ngaphakathi Inkqubo yeSizwe yoKhuseleko kukuba imfazwe ayinakubangelwa kutyekelo lweemvakalelo lomntu okanye lweqela. Ifuna utyalo-mali lwexesha elide, ucwangciso nolungiselelo. Kwaye ukuba silungiselela ezinye iindlela zokuphepha kunye nokusombulula iingxabano ngoko siya kusebenzisa ezo ndlela. Ukuba sidala inkcubeko yoxolo, siphuhlise ubuntatheli boxolo, sityala imali kucwangciso loxolo, iinkqubo zenkxaso zomthetho wehlabathi kunye nokusombulula iingxabano, sikhuphe izixhobo zehlabathi apho i-United States ingumkhosi okhokelayo, ukuthumela abasebenzi boxolo kunokuba iibhombu, sibonisane ngokupheliswa komlilo kunokuba Umanyano lwasemkhosini - ukuba sisomeleza kwaye sihlengahlengisa kwaye ekugqibeleni sitshintshe izakhiwo zamazwe ngamazwe ngeendlela zehlabathi, zedemokhrasi, kunye nezingenabugorha zokusombulula iingxaki zethu, imfazwe iya kuhamba ngendlela yegazi, i-duling, kunye neendawo zokuhlambela ezinemibala.

Kuya kufuneka utshintsho olukhulu kwezopolitiko zethu, uqoqosho lwethu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ethu, inkcubeko yethu, kunye namabali esiwabaliselana ngehlabathi. Kodwa olu tshintsho lunokuza inyathelo ngenyathelo kwaye luqhubele phambili ukuzazi malunga nokutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo kwenkqubo yemfazwe ngenkqubo yoxolo. Ukuzama utshintsho olunjalo, olusele luqhubeka ngandlel’ ithile, alunakuba nengqiqo kunokusilela okukwaziyo kwemfazwe. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo Ixesha lexesha ibonise ingxoxo malunga nemfazwe ye-ISIS. Elinye icala laxoxisana nemikhosi yase-US ngelixa livuma ukuba ayizukusombulula nto. Elinye icala lalilwela iibhombu zase-US kunye nemikhosi yasekhaya, ngelixa livuma ukuba ayizukusebenza. Oku kungaphaya kokuzama into enye kwaye ulindele iziphumo ezahlukileyo. Oku kuzama into enye kwaye kulindelwe iziphumo ezibi ezifanayo.

Singenza ngcono.