NguRick Sterling | NgoMeyi 30, 2017.
Ibuyiselwe kwakhona ngoMeyi 31, 2017 ukusuka: I-Voice Resist.
intshayelelo
Ngaphezu kweeveki ezimbini kulo Meyi, igqiza labantu baseMelika abangama-30 batyelele imimandla esixhenxe kunye nezixeko ezilishumi kulo lonke elaseRussia. Iququzelelwe nguSharon Tennison we Iziko leNkqubo zoLuntu, lonke iqela laqalisa eMoscow ngeentsuku eziliqela leentlanganiso notyelelo, emva koko laqhekeka langamaqela amancinane ayesiya kwizixeko eziquka iVolgograd, iKazan (Tatarstan), iKrasnodar (kufuphi noLwandle Olumnyama), iNovosibirsk (eSiberia), iYekaterinburg nezixeko zaseCrimea zaseSimferopol; Yalta kunye Sevastopol. Emva kolu tyelelo lommandla, abathunywa baphinda bahlanganisana eSt Petersburg ukuze babelane ngamava abo. Okulandelayo luphononongo olungacwangciswanga olunezigqibo ezisekelwe koko ndikuqapheleyo eKazan noko ndikuvileyo kwabanye.
Imigqaliselo kunye Nezibakala
* Izohlwayo zaseNtshona ziye zalonakalisa icandelo lezoqoqosho lwaseRashiya kodwa zakhuthaza imveliso yezolimo.
Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kunye nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwachatshazelwa yizohlwayo zaseNtshona ezibekwe kwi-2014. Icandelo labakhenkethi libe nzima kwaye utshintshiselwano lwemfundo phakathi kweRashiya ne-USA luye lwaphazamiseka okanye lwaphela. Nangona kunjalo, izohlwayo zikhuthaze utyalo-mali kunye nokwandiswa kwemveliso yezolimo. Saxelelwa ukuba amafama athi 'Musa ukususa izohlwayo!
* Ezinye ii-oligarchs zaseRashiya zenza utyalo-mali olukhulu lweziseko ezingundoqo.
Umzekelo, usomashishini oyibhiliyoni uSergei Galitsky uphuhlise eyona venkile inkulu yaseRashiya, iMagnit supermarket chain. UGalitsky utyale imali eninzi kunkcenkceshelo lwangoku lwezindlu eziluhlaza ezivelisa intaphane yeekhukhamba ezikumgangatho ophezulu, iitumato kunye neminye imifuno esasazwa kwiivenkile ezinkulu kulo lonke elaseRussia.
* Kuye kwaphinda kwavela unqulo eRashiya.
Iicawa zobuOthodoki baseRashiya ziye zahlaziywa kwaye amagqabi egolide abengezela kwizindlu zecawa. Iimosque zamaSilamsi nazo zihlaziyiwe kwaye zakhiwa ngokutsha. Imosque entsha eqaqambileyo iyinxalenye ebalaseleyo yeKremlin eKazan, eTatarstan. Kukho amaSilamsi amaninzi eRashiya. Oku uphando ibeka inani kwizigidi ezilishumi nangona siluvile uqikelelo oluphezulu kakhulu. Siye sabona imizekelo emininzi yomanyano nentsebenziswano yeemvaba ngeemvaba, neeImam ezingamaSilamsi zisebenza kunye nabefundisi abaselula bobuOthodoki baseRashiya. Saphinda seva amabali ngendlela iicawa ezazisetyenziswa ngayo njengeentolongo okanye iindawo zokugcina ukutya ngexesha likaStalin.
* IRashiya iya ijonge empuma.
Isimboli saseRashiya sokhozi oluphindwe kabini lubheka empuma nasentshona; lilizwe lase-Eur-Asia. Ngelixa iYurophu isabalulekile kwezopolitiko nakwezoqoqosho, iRussia iya ijonge empuma. "Iqabane lobuchule" laseRussia yiTshayina - kwezoqoqosho, kwezopolitiko nangomkhosi. Kukho amanani akhulayo abakhenkethi baseTshayina kunye notshintshiselwano lwemfundo kunye neRussia. KwiBhunga loKhuseleko leZizwe eziManyeneyo la mazwe mabini athanda ukuvota kunye. Utyalo-mali olukhulu lucetywa kuthungelwano lwezothutho olubizwa ngokuba “I-Belt kunye neNkqubo yeNdlela” edibanisa iAsia neYurophu.
* IRashiya lilizwe longxowankulu elinecandelo likarhulumente elomeleleyo.
Urhulumente unempembelelo okanye ulawula amacandelo ezoqoqosho afana nezithuthi zikawonke-wonke, ishishini lomkhosi/lokhuselo, ukombiwa kwezinto zokusebenza, imfundo kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo. Amashishini karhulumente ithatha malunga nama-40% engqesho iyonke. Banokhathalelo lwempilo jikelele ngokuhambelana nemfundo yabucala kunye nezibonelelo zempilo. Ukubhankisha yingxaki enenzala ephezulu kunye nokungaphumeleli/ukutshona kweebhanki ezininzi kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Sivile izikhalazo zokuba iinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zingangena kwaye zilawule amacandelo ezoqoqosho, zikhuphe abakhuphisana baseRashiya kwaye zithathe inzuzo ekhaya.
* Kukho iminqweno yelizwe elalisakuba yiSoviet Union kunye neenjongo zalo zobukomanisi.
Siye sadibana nabantu abaninzi abathetha kamnandi ngemihla yaxa kwakungekho mntu usisityebi okanye uhlwempuzeke ngendlela engathethekiyo naxa babekholelwa ukuba kukho injongo ephakamileyo yoluntu. Oku sikuvile kubantu ukusukela kwishishini eliphumeleleyo ukuya kwimvumi yerock esele ikhulile yeSoviet. Oko akuthethi ukuba aba bantu bafuna ukubuyela kwimihla yeSoviet, kodwa ukuba bayaqaphela ukuba utshintsho lwaseRashiya lunezo zombini kunye nezinto ezingalunganga. Kuxhaphake ukuchaswa kokuwohloka kweSoviet Union kunye nombhodamo wezoqoqosho ngeminyaka yee-1990.
* Kukho uluhlu lwamajelo eendaba axhasa urhulumente kunye namaqela aphikisayo.
Zithathu izikhululo zikamabonakude ezikhulu ezilawulwa kwaye zixhasa urhulumente. Ngokuhambisana noku, kukho intlaninge yezikhululo zabucala ezigxeka urhulumente kwanokuxhasa amaqela aphikisayo awohlukeneyo. Kumajelo oshicilelo, uninzi lwamaphephandaba kunye neemagazini ziyamgxeka urhulumente.
* Izithuthi zikawonke-wonke ziyamangalisa.
Izitrato zaseMoscow zizele ziimoto ezintsha. Okwangoku, ngaphantsi komhlaba kukho ukukhawuleza, ukonga kunye nokusebenza kakuhle inkqubo kaloliwe engaphantsi eyona isetyenziswa kakhulu eYurophu. I-metro yaseMoscow ithwala abakhweli abangama-40% ngaphezulu kunenkqubo yaseNew York. Kwiindlela ezinkulu oololiwe bafika rhoqo ngemizuzwana engama-60. Ezinye izikhululo phezu 240 iinyawo ngaphantsi komhlaba kunye eyona escalator inde eYurophu. Izitimela ze-Inter-city ezifana ne-Sapsan (Falcon) zithatha abagibeli phakathi kweSt. Petersburg kunye neMoscow nge-200 kms ngeyure. Nangona isantya sihamba, uloliwe utyibilika kwaye uzolile. Yindlela enomdla yokujonga iRussia yasemaphandleni njengoko umntu edlula i-ramshackle dachas, iilali ezintle kunye neefektri ezishiyiweyo zeSoviet. Iprojekthi entsha yezothutho enkulu yi ibhulorho phakathi kweKrasnodar kunye neCrimea usingasiqithi. Le vidiyo imfutshane bonisa uyilo.
* UPutin uyathandwa.
Ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni ubuza bani, ukuthandwa kukaPutin kubonakala kuphakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-80%. Kukho izizathu ezibini: Esokuqala, okoko waba yinkokeli uqoqosho luye lwazinza, ii-oligarchs ezirhwaphilizayo zaye zahlolwa, kwaye umgangatho wokuphila waphucuka kakhulu. Okwesibini, uPutin unikwe imbeko ngokubuyisela intlonipho yamazwe ngamazwe eRashiya kunye nokuzingca kwelizwe kubemi baseRashiya. Abanye bathi “Ngeminyaka yee-1990 sasiluhlanga olungqibayo.” Abantu baseRussia banoluvo oluqinileyo lokuzingca kwesizwe kwaye ulawulo lukaPutin luyibuyisile loo nto. Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba uPutin ufanelwe ikhefu kuxinzelelo olunzulu kunye nomsebenzi. Oko akuthethi ukuba wonke umntu uyamthanda okanye uyoyika ukuthetha loo nto. Umkhokeli wethu osemthethweni waseMoscow uyonwaba ngokusibonisa eyona ndawo kwibhulorho ngaphandle kweKremlin apho akholelwa ukuba uPutin wabulawa enye yeentshaba zakhe. Amanye amaRashiya ebesithetha nawo ahlekisa ngezi zityholo zikholelwa ngokubanzi eNtshona. Ngokuphathelele izityholo zokuba uPutin "nguzwilakhe", malunga nabafundi be-75 eCrimea bahleka ngokukhululekileyo xa bebuzwa ngale nkolelo yaseNtshona.
Uxinzelelo lwezopolitiko lwangoku
* Abantu baseRussia bathandabuza kakhulu izityholo malunga “nokugxuphuleka” kweRussia kunyulo lwase-US.
Enye ingcaphephe kumgaqo-nkqubo welizwe langaphandle, uVladimir Kozin, uthe "Yintsomi ukuba iRussia yaba nefuthe kunyulo lwaseMelika." Bathelekisa izityholo ezingaqinisekiswanga kunye nobungqina obucacileyo bokungenelela kwe-US kunyulo lwangaphambili lwaseRashiya, ngakumbi ngeminyaka yee-1990 xa uqoqosho lwaluthengiswa kumashishini abucala kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho, intswela-ngqesho nezidubedube kwelo lizwe. I indima ye-US. kwi "ukulawula" unyulo Boris Yeltsin ngo-1995 yi eyaziwa ngokubanzi e-Russia, njengoko kunjalo ngenkxaso-mali yase-US yamakhulu eMibutho eNgeyiyo ikaRhulumente e-Ukraine phambi kobundlobongela kunye nobhukuqo-mbuso luka-2013-2014.
* Kukho umnqweno onamandla wokuphucula ubudlelwane ne-US
Sadibana nabantu abaninzi baseRashiya ababethathe inxaxheba kutshintshiselwano nabemi base-US ngeminyaka yee-1990. Phantse jikelele aba bantu baseRashiya babeneenkumbulo ezimnandi zokundwendwela kwabo kunye nokwamkela kwabo e-US Kwezinye iindawo sadibana nabantu abangazange badibane nomntu waseMelika okanye othetha isiNgesi ngaphambili. Ngokwesiqhelo babelumkile kodwa babevuya kakhulu kukuva abemi baseMelika abanqwenela ukuphucula ubudlelwane kunye nokunciphisa ukungavisisani.
* Iingxelo zeendaba zaseNtshona malunga neCrimea zigqwethekile kakhulu.
Abathunywa beCCI abatyelele eCrimea badibene noluhlu olubanzi lwabemi kunye neenkokeli ezonyuliweyo. Ijografi “intle ngokumangalisayo” neentaba eziwela kumanxweme oLwandle Olumnyama. Akuzange kuchazwe eNtshona, iCrimea yayiyinxalenye yeRashiya ukususela ngowe-1783. Xa iCrimea yafuduselwa eUkraine ngowe-1954, yonke yayiyinxalenye yeSoviet Union. AbakwaCrimea baxelele abathunywa beCCI ukuba bagxothwe bubundlobongela kunye nezinto zobuFascist ezibandakanyekayo kwi-coup yaseKiev. Iibhasi ezisuka eCrimea zazinjalo hlaselwa ngokwenzakala nokufa emva kobhukuqo-mbuso lwaseKiev. Urhulumente omtsha wobhukuqo-mbuso wathi isiRashiya ayiselulo ulwimi olusemthethweni. Abaphuli-mthetho bakhawuleza baququzelela kwaye babamba a Sompempe ukuzihlukanisa ne-Ukraine kwaye "ukumanyana kwakhona" neRussia. Nge-80% yabavoti ababhalisiweyo abathatha inxaxheba, i-96% ivotele ukujoyina iRashiya. Omnye waseCrimea wathi kubathunywa beCCI, "Ngesiye emfazweni ukuze sahlukane neUkraine." Abanye baqaphela uhanahaniso lwaseNtshona oluvumela iivoti zokuhlukana eScotland naseCatalonia, kwaye oko kwakhuthaza ukuhlukana kweCroatia, kodwa emva koko bayayigatya ivoti enkulu kunye nokukhethwa kwabantu baseCrimea. Izohlwayo ezichasene nokhenketho ziyaluphazamisa uqoqosho lwaseCrimea kodwa uluntu luzithembile kwisigqibo salo. Abantu baseMerika ababetyelele eCrimea babechukumiseke gqitha kukwamkelwa ngokufudumeleyo nangobuhlobo. Ngenxa yezohlwayo, bambalwa abantu baseMelika abandwendwela eCrimea kwaye bafumene ingxelo enkulu yeendaba. Esabela, amagosa ezopolitiko eUkraine atyhola abathunywa ngokuba "ziintshaba zelizwe laseUkraine" kwaye abhala amagama abo kuludwe lwabantsundu.
* Abantu baseRashiya bayayazi kwaye bayoyika imfazwe.
Abantu baseRussia abazizigidi ezingamashumi amabini anesixhenxe bafa kwiWW2 kwaye loo mava agcinwe kwinkumbulo yaseRussia. Ukungqingwa kwamaNazi kweLeningrad (ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yiSt Petersburg) kwanciphisa inani labantu ukusuka kwi-3 yezigidi ukuya kwi-500 lamawaka. Ukuhamba emangcwabeni amangcwaba amaninzi kuzisa ekhaya ubunzulu bokubandezeleka kunye nokomelela kwabantu baseRussia abathi ngandlel' ithile basinda kungqingo lweentsuku ezingama-872 esixekweni. Inkumbulo yemfazwe igcinwa iphila ngokusebenzisa izikhumbuzo kunye nentatho-nxaxheba enkulu yoluntu. Abemi baphatha iifoto zezalamane zabo ezasilwa okanye zafa kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi 2, eyaziwa ngokuba yi “Igumbi elingapheliyo“. EKazan, umngcelele wawubandakanya abantu abangamawaka angama-120 - i-10% yabemi besixeko bebonke - ukuqala nge-10 kusasa ukuya ku-9 ngokuhlwa. Kulo lonke elaseRashiya, izigidi zabemi zithatha inxaxheba. Imatshi kunye nemingcelele ephawula “uSuku loLoyiso” zindilisekile kunombhiyozo.
* Abantu baseRashiya bazibona besongelwa.
Ngelixa amajelo aseNtshona abonisa iRussia “njengendlongondlongo”, uninzi lwabantu baseRussia lubona umva. Bona ukubona I-US kunye ne-NATO yonyusa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwasemkhosini, ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe, inyukela kumda waseRussia, irhoxa okanye yaphula izivumelwano zangaphambili kunye nokwenza umthambo oxhokonxayo wasemkhosini. Oku imephu ibonisa imeko.
* Abantu baseRussia bafuna ukuthomalalisa ukungavisisani kwamazwe ngamazwe.
Owayesakuba nguMongameli uGorbachev wathi kwiqela lethu “Ngaba iMelika ifuna ukuba iRussia ingenise nje? Eli lilizwe elingenakuze lizithobe.” La magama anentsingiselo eyongezelelekileyo kuba yayinguGorbachev owasungula umgaqo-nkqubo welizwe langaphandle wePerestroika owakhokelela ekwakheleni kwakhe icala kunye nokuwa kweSoviet Union. UGorbachev ubhale ngale ndlela ngePerestroika: “Umphumo wayo oyintloko yaba kukuphela kweMfazwe Yomlomo. Ixesha elide nelinokuba yingozi kwimbali yehlabathi, xa lonke uluntu lwaluphila phantsi kwesisongelo esiqhubekayo sentlekele yenyukliya, lafikelela esiphelweni.” Nangona kunjalo ngokucacileyo sikwiMfazwe entsha yeCold kwaye isoyikiso siphinde savela.
isiphelo
Phezu kwayo nje iminyaka emithathu yohlwayo lwezoqoqosho, amaxabiso aphantsi eoli kunye nemfazwe yolwazi enzulu eNtshona, uluntu lwaseRashiya lubonakala luqhuba kakuhle ngokufanelekileyo. AmaRashiya kuwo onke amabala abonisa umnqweno onamandla wokwakha ubuhlobo kunye nentsebenziswano kunye ne-US Ngelo xesha, kubonakala ngathi amaRashiya akayi kunkwantya. Abafuni mfazwe yaye abasayi kuyiqalisa, kodwa ukuba bayahlaselwa baya kuzikhusela njengokuba benzile ngaphambili.
I mpendulo
Inqaku elibhalwe kakuhle kakhulu uRick. Enkosi.