Ukuthobela kunye nokuThobela

By U-Howard Zinn, Agasti 26, 2020

Inkcazo evela IZinn Reader (Seven Stories Press, 1997), iphepha 369-372

Thobela umthetho. Le yimfundiso enamandla, ihlala inamandla ngokwaneleyo ukoyisa iimvakalelo ezinzulu zokulungileyo nokungalunganga, nditsho nokugqitha ngaphezulu isiseko esisiseko sokusinda komntu. Sifunda kwangethuba (ayikho kwimfuza yethu) ukuba kufuneka sithobele "umthetho welizwe."

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Ngokuqinisekileyo asiyiyo yonke imithetho nemimiselo ephosakeleyo. Umntu kufuneka abe neemvakalelo ezintsonkothileyo malunga nembopheleleko yokuthobela umthetho.

Ukuthobela umthetho xa ukusa emfazweni kubonakala kuphosakele. Ukuthobela umthetho ochasene nokubulala kubonakala kulungile. Ukuthobela loo mthetho ngenene, kufuneka ukwale ukuthobela umthetho okuthumela emfazweni.

Kodwa ingcamango ebalaseleyo ayishiyi ithuba lokwenza umahluko okrelekrele nowobuntu malunga nembopheleleko yokuthobela umthetho. Ingqongqo kwaye iqinisekile. Lulawulo olungagungqiyo lwabo bonke oorhulumente, enoba bobuFasi, ubuKomanisi, okanye bobukapitali benkululeko.

UGertrude Scholtz-Klink, umphathi weSebe Labasetyhini phantsi kukaHitler, wacacisela umntu owayedlan’ indlebe emva kwemfazwe ngenkqubo yamaYuda yamaNazi, “Sasisoloko sithobela umthetho. Ngaba asiyonto oyenzayo eMelika? Nokuba awuvumelani nomthetho ngokobuqu, uyawuthobela. Kungenjalo ubomi bebuya kuba sisiphithiphithi.”

"Ubomi buya kuba sisiphithiphithi." Ukuba sivumela ukungathobeli umthetho siya kuba nesiphithiphithi. Loo ngcamango ibethelelwa kubemi belizwe ngalinye. Ibinzana elamkelekileyo lithi “umthetho nocwangco.” Libinzana elithumela amapolisa kunye nomkhosi ukuba bachithe uqhanqalazo kuyo yonke indawo, nokuba kuseMoscow okanye eChicago. Yayisemva kokubulawa kwabafundi abane kwiYunivesithi yaseKent State ngo-1970 ngabaLindi beSizwe. Yayisisizathu esachazwa ngabasemagunyeni baseTshayina ngowe-1989 xa babulala amakhulu abafundi ababeqhankqalaza eBeijing.

Libinzana elinomtsalane kuninzi lwabemi, abathi, ngaphandle kokuba bona ngokwabo banesikhalazo esinamandla ngokuchasene negunya, boyika ukuphazamiseka. Ngeminyaka yoo-1960, umfundi kwiSikolo soMthetho saseHarvard wathetha nabazali kunye nabafundi bexesha elidlulileyo ngala mazwi:

Izitalato zelizwe lethu zizele zisiphithiphithi. Iiyunivesithi zizele ngabafundi abavukelayo nabaqhankqalazayo. AmaKomanisi afuna ukutshabalalisa ilizwe lethu. IRashiya isisongela ngamandla ayo. Kwaye iriphabliki isengozini. Ewe! ingozi ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Sifuna umthetho nocwangco! Ngaphandle komthetho nocwangco isizwe sethu asinakuphila.

Kwaqhwatywa izandla ixesha elide. Kwathi kwakuphela intswahla yezandla, ngokuzolileyo lo mfundi wathi kwabo babephulaphule: “La mazwi athethwa nguAdolph Hitler ngowe-1932.”

Ngokuqinisekileyo, uxolo, uzinzo nocwangco ziyanqweneleka. Isiphithiphithi nobundlobongela azikho. Kodwa uzinzo kunye nocwangco ayikuphela kweemeko ezinqwenelekayo zobomi bentlalo. Kukwakho nobulungisa, okuthetha ukuphathwa kakuhle kwabo bonke abantu, ilungelo elilinganayo labo bonke abantu kwinkululeko nakwimpumelelo. Ukuthobela umthetho ngokupheleleyo kunokuzisa ucwangco okwexeshana, kodwa kusenokungazisi okusesikweni. Yaye xa kungenzeki oko, abo baphathwa ngokungekho sikweni basenokuqhankqalaza, basenokuvukela, babangele isiphithiphithi, njengoko abavukeli baseMerika benzayo ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo, njengoko abantu ababechasa ubukhoboka benzayo ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, njengoko abafundi baseTshayina benzayo kule nkulungwane, nanjengabantu abasebenzayo. ugwayimbo lwenziwe kwilizwe ngalinye, kwiinkulungwane ngeenkulungwane.

Inkcazo evela IZinn Reader (Seven Stories Press, 1997), amaphepha apapashwa ekuqaleni kwi-Declarations of Independence (HarperCollins, 1990)