NguKathy Kelly
Amaziko eendaba anike ingxelo uMgqibelo kusasa ngaloo veki idlulileyo uMongameli Obama watyikitya umyalelo, ogcinwe imfihlo kude kube ngoku, ukugunyazisa ukuqhubeka kwemfazwe yase-Afghan ubuncinane omnye unyaka. Lo myalelo ugunyazisa ukuhlasela kweenqwelomoya zase-US “ukuba ukuxhasa imisebenzi yomkhosi wase-Afghan kweli lizwe” kunye nemikhosi yase-US ukuba iqhubeke nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, “ngamathuba athile khapha imikhosi yase-Afghan” kwimisebenzi echasene neTaliban.
Abaphathi, ekuvuzeni kwabo kwiNew York Times, baqinisekisile ukuba kukho "ingxoxo eshushu" phakathi kwabacebisi bePentagon kunye nabanye kwikhabhinethi ka-Obama ababenexhala lokungaphulukani namajoni ekulweni. Iqhinga le-oyile alikhankanywanga njengelikhe laxoxwa kwaye alikho nokurhangqwa kwe-China, kodwa eyona nto iphawuleka kakhulu yokungabikho kwingxelo yayikukuba kukhankanyiwe kwinkxalabo yamalungu ekhabhinethi ngabantu base-Afghan abachatshazelwe lugwayimbo lomoya kunye nokusebenza kwamajoni aphantsi komhlaba, kwilizwe esele likhona. ukhathazwa ngamaphupha amabi obuhlwempu nokuwohloka kwentlalo.
Nazi iziganeko nje ezintathu, ezicatshulwe ku-Agasti ka-2014 Amnesty International Ingxelo, uMongameli u-Obama kunye nabacebisi bakhe bekufanele ukuba bayithathele ingqalelo (kwaye bayivumele kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yoluntu) ngaphambi kokuba baphinde bandise indima yokulwa yase-US e-Afghanistan:
I-1) NgoSeptemba, i-2012 iqela labasetyhini abavela kwidolophana ehlwempuzekileyo kwiphondo laseLaghman elisezintabeni lalitheza iinkuni xa inqwelomoya yase-US yawisa ubuncinane iibhombu ezimbini kubo, yabulala abasixhenxe kwaye yenzakalisa abanye abasixhenxe, abane babo kakhulu. Omnye umhlali, uMullah Bashir, uxelele u-Amnesty, “…Ndaqala ukukhangela intombi yam. Ekugqibeleni ndamfumana. Ubuso bakhe babuzaliswe ligazi nomzimba wakhe wophukile.”
2) Iyunithi ye-US Special Operations Forces yayinoxanduva lokubulala ngokungekho mthethweni, ukungcungcuthekisa kunye nokunyanzeliswa kokunyamalala kwabantu ngexesha likaDisemba, 2012 ukuya kuFebruwari, 2013. Phakathi kwabo bathuthunjiswayo nguQandi Agha oneminyaka engama-51 ubudala, "umsebenzi omncinci weSebe lezeNkcubeko. ,” owachaza ngokweenkcukacha iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokungcungcuthekiswa kwakhe. Waxelelwa ukuba uya kuthuthunjiswa esebenzisa "iintlobo ezili-14 ezahlukeneyo zokungcungcuthekiswa". Ezi ziquka: Ukubetha ngeentambo, ukubethwa ngumbane, ukucinezeleka ixesha elide, iintlungu ezihlala ixesha elide, intloko ephindaphindayo iqala ukutshona kumphanda wamanzi, nokungcwatywa kumngxuma ozele ngamanzi abandayo ubusuku bonke. Wathi zombini imikhosi eKhethekileyo yase-US kunye nama-Afghan athatha inxaxheba ekuthuthunjisweni kwaye bahlala betshaya i-hashish ngelixa besenza njalo.
I-3) Ngo-Matshi 26, i-2013 idolophana yaseSajawand yahlaselwa yi-Afghan edibeneyo-ISAF (i-International Special Assistance Forces). Phakathi kwe-20-30 abantu babulawa kuquka nabantwana. Emva kohlaselo, umzala womnye wabahlali bale lali watyelela kwindawo yexhwayelo waza wathi, “Into yokuqala endayibonayo xa ndandingena enkomponi yayingumntwana omncinane onokuba neminyaka emithathu ubudala nowayekrazulwe isifuba; wawunokubona ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakhe. Indlu ijike yaba yimfumba yodaka neepali akwasala nto. Xa sasikhupha izidumbu asibonanga namnye uTaliban phakathi kwabafi, kwaye sasingazi ukuba babebethwe okanye babulawa yintoni.”
Ukugubungela i-NYT yengxoxo evuzayo ikhankanya isithembiso sika-Obama, esenziwe ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka kwaye ngoku saphukile, sokurhoxisa imikhosi. Inqaku alikhankanyi enye into Inkcaso yoluntu yase-US ekuqhubekeni kwemfazwe.
Iinzame zokubuyisela i-Afghanistan ngomkhosi womkhosi zikhokelele kwimfazwe, intlupheko ethe gqolo yanda kakhulu, kunye nokufelwa ngamakhulu amawaka abantu ababathandayo baphakathi kwamashumi amawaka abantu. Izibhedlele zommandla zibika ukubona ukonzakala okumbalwa kwe-IED kunye namanxeba amaninzi eembumbulu ukusuka kumadabi axhobileyo phakathi kwamajoni axhobileyo athembekileyo, iTaliban, urhulumente, okanye enye, ekunzima ukuyiqonda. Nge-40% yezixhobo ze-US ezinikezela kwimikhosi yokhuseleko yase-Afghan ngoku ayaziwa, ezininzi zezixhobo eziqeshwe kuwo onke macala zinokuthi zinikezelwe yi-US
Ngeli xesha iziphumo zedemokhrasi yase-US aziqinisekisi. Ngaba esi sigqibo senziwe ngokwenyani kwiiveki ezidlulileyo kodwa sibhengezwe ngoku ukuba unyulo lwenkongolo luphelile ngokukhuselekileyo? Yaba a uLwesihlanu Ukuvuza kwekhabhinethi yasebusuku, engcwatywe phakathi kwezibhengezo ezisemthethweni zoLawulo malunga nokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kunye nezohlwayo zaseIran, ngokwenene isisombululo sikaMongameli sokungathandwa kwesigqibo esichaphazela ubomi babantu abaninzi? Ngenkxalabo yeminqweno yabemi base-US enikwe ubunzima obuncinci, kuyathandabuzeka ukuba kucingelwa kakhulu kwiindleko ezoyikisayo zolu ngenelelo lomkhosi kubantu abaqhelekileyo abazama ukuphila, ukukhulisa iintsapho kwaye baphile e-Afghanistan.
Kodwa kwabo “iingxoxo ezishushu” zijolise kuphela kokona kulungileyo kumdla welizwe lase-US, nazi iingcebiso ezimbalwa:
I-1) I-US kufuneka iphelise iphulo layo langoku lokuxhokonxa kwiimanyano zasemkhosini kunye nokujikeleza iRashiya kunye neChina ngemijukujelwa. Kufuneka yamkele ubuninzi bamandla ezoqoqosho nezopolitiko kwihlabathi langoku. Imigaqo-nkqubo yangoku yase-US ivuselela ukubuyela kwiMfazwe yoMlomo neRussia kwaye mhlawumbi iqale enye neTshayina. Esi sisindululo sokulahlekelwa/sokulahlekelwa kuwo onke amazwe abandakanyekayo.
2) Ngokusetwa kwakhona komgaqo-nkqubo ogxile kwintsebenziswano neRashiya, iChina kunye namanye amazwe anempembelelo kwisakhelo seZizwe eziManyeneyo, iUnited States inokukhuthaza ulamlo lwamazwe ngamazwe.
3) I-US kufuneka ibonelele ngoncedo lwezonyango kunye noqoqosho lwesisa kunye nobuchule bobugcisa naphi na apho kunokuba luncedo kwamanye amazwe kwaye ngaloo ndlela yakhe indawo yokugcina inkolelo yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nefuthe elihle.
Leyo yinto ekungafunekanga mntu ayigcine iyimfihlo.
