Kutheni ingabi 'umhobe wehlabathi,' uDonald Trump? Ngubani 'omele ihlabathi,' uSteve Bannon?

"Siza kukhonza abemi base-United States of America, ndikholelwe," utshilo uMongameli uDonald Trump kwi-Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) nge-24 kaFebruwari. Akukho nto injengomhobe wehlabathi, imali yehlabathi, okanye iflegi yehlabathi. Kwiintsuku ezine emva koko, kwintetho yakhe yokuqala phambi kweseshoni edibeneyo yeCongress, uqhubeke wathi, "Umsebenzi wam asikokumela ihlabathi. Umsebenzi wam kukumela iUnited States of America.”

UDonald Trump kunye nomphathi wakhe uSteve Bannon (osenokuba ngumbhali wezo zivakalisi) abafane babe ngabokuqala ukubethelela ngokuchanekileyo eyona nto isisiseko yento izazinzulu zezopolitiko ziyibiza ngokuba “lulungelelwaniso lwehlabathi” lwanamhlanje. KwiNgqungquthela yoMhlaba yaseRio ngowe-1992, uMongameli uGeorge HW Bush wayezingelwa kwaye exhatshazwa ngamaziko endalo esingqongileyo ngamaxesha onke. Wayengenzi ngokwaneleyo, batsho. Kwakufuneka akhusele iplanethi, batsho. Ekugqibeleni waphulukana nokuphola kwakhe, kwaye — ngamazwi afana ngokuphawulekayo nalawo athethwa nguMongameli uTrump kwi-CPAC - wadanduluka, “NdinguMongameli wase-United States. AndingoMongameli weHlabathi. Kwaye ngelixa ndilapha ndiza kwenza eyona nto inceda abantu baseMelika. ”

Inkqubo yombuso ezimeleyo ezi nkokeli zimbini zaseMelika zichazwe ngokuchanekileyo, kanye kwikota yenkulungwane eyahlukileyo, kungenzeka ukuba ziqhubeke kude kwikamva elibonakalayo. Kodwa ngenye imini, ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba abantu kwihlabathi liphela bangawucula kunye umhobe wehlabathi? Kwaye uphakamise iflegi yehlabathi? Kwaye nihlale kunye njengabemi boMhlaba oManyeneyo?

Kutheni Ungabi “UMhobe Wehlabathi?”

Ukuba kukho umhobe wehlabathi ojikelezayo phaya ngaphandle awukho ngendlela esemthethweni, akukho mntu uwaziyo, kwaye akukho mntu uziva kwanto ngawo. Ithoni yokutsho kukaTrump, nangona kunjalo - kunye nobumongameli bakhe obutsha - kuthetha ukuba kuyabonakala hayi nje ukuba "akukho nto injalo," kodwa ukuba kungabikho, kwaye soze ibekho.

Noko ke, uninzi lwethu lulondoloza iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo zokunyaniseka. Uthando lwethu ngezikolo zethu kunye needolophu zasekhaya yinxalenye enkulu yokuba kutheni imidlalo iyinxalenye enkulu yenkcubeko yethu. Abantu baziva bethembekile kuluntu olungelulo lwejografi - iklabhu yomntu yebhayisekile okanye iqela lemigulukudu yeenja okanye (kum) abanye oogxa bakhe kwindibano yezenzululwazi.

Ukanti okona kuzinikela kuphambili abantu abaninzi bakuvayo namhlanje kukunyaniseka kwabo kwisizwe sabo. Yintoni yaseMelika - kwanabo bahlokoma yonke imihla ukwenza ilizwe labo liphile ngokweenjongo zalo - abakaze bafumane ubuncinci baxutywe kwiziqhulo ezimangalisayo ngoJulayi 4, okanye bacule i-Star-Spangled Banner kumdlalo webhola, okanye ukubona ukuphephezelisa iflegi yaseMelika ekhokela umngcelele?

Kodwa ihlabathi lethu likhula lincinci kwaye linxibelelana ngakumbi yonke imihla. Akukho phuhliso lwembali lubalaseleyo oluchaza ixesha langoku. Ngaba sinokuthelekelela iimvakalelo ezifanayo zobudlelwane, umoya wobubele, kunye nomanyano lwezizwe malunga noluntu lwethu olunye? Ngaba ukunyaniseka kwethu kwihlabathi liphela - njengoko kusenza kuninzi lwesizwe somntu - kunokwenza igazi lethu libaleke ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi emithanjeni yethu? Ngaba ukunyaniseka kwethu kwizizwe zethu kungakhatshwa kukunyaniseka eluntwini?

Akukho sizathu sokuba abantu bangakwazi ukuchaza ngoku ukuba babonakala bengabemi bamazwe abo kunye nabemi behlabathi. Ukuba ukuthand' izwe kwabo kwenzelwe bona ukodlula ukuthanda kwabo isijikelezi-langa. Kwaye sonke kwesi sijikelezi-langa siethe-ethe ngoku kufuneka sizigqale ngokwethu, kwibinzana elikhumbulekayo lombhali wentsomi uSpider Robinson, ukuba "ngabasebenzi abasebenza kwi-Spaceship Earth."

Umntu unokucinga ukuba oku kuya kuba ngumba oshushu wezopolitiko ngequbuliso. Yiba nomfanekiso weshumi elinesibini labafundi beekholeji, mhlawumbi isiqingatha abavela kumazwe angaphandle kwe-United States, ababhalise, oh, kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia.

Mhlawumbi benza ingalo yabafundi bendawo yabemi beGlobal Solutions - i-NGO eneminyaka engama-70 ubudala ethethelela ngokuphandle ukusekwa kweriphabliki yehlabathi. Aba bafundi badibana ngenxa yokuba bamkela umgaqo ongaphezulu nangaphaya kokuzinikela kwabo kwilizwe abazalelwe kulo kukunyaniseka kwabo kuhlanga loluntu.

Ngoko balungiselela intlanganiso kunye ne-chancellor. Bazazisa, baze emva koko babhengeze ukuba abazigqali njengabo ngokuyintloko baseMelika okanye baseNigeria okanye baseIran okanye baseMexico okanye baseTshayina. Ngabantu basemhlabeni. Ke bacela ukuba ngaphezulu kweflegi yase-United States kwiflegi yeyunivesithi esemthethweni, iyunivesiti ngoku iza kuphephezelisa iflegi ebonisa uMhlaba wethu omhle ozuba ovela emajukujukwini.

Ikhansile iyathandabuza. Akaqinisekanga ncam ukuba le nto iza kudlula njani nalo mnikeli we-1M yeedola ogama lakhe lisanda kunyukela kwigumbi lokuhlala elingaphaya kweflegi. I Daily Californian iphepha lesikolo lenza inqaku elikwiphepha lokuqala malunga nokuthandabuza. Abafundi baqala ukumatsha kwaye babonise. Abanye abafundi-babhengeza ukuba ukuthanda izwe labo kuphela yiMelika yabo ukuthanda izwe - jongana ne-Earthlings. Kulandela ingxokozelo. Ngoku ke ISan Francisco Chronicle yenza inqaku lephepha elingaphambili ngayo. Oko kuthethwa ngako Asahi Shimbun kwayeDeutsche Welle. Kwaye incoko yamazwe ngamazwe iqala ukuvela.

Ezi njongo zokunyaniseka okukhulu ziye zabhengezwa ngabona babalaseleyo kwilifa lemveli lomntu. Yiloo nto uVoltaire wayibiza ngokuba "yiqela loluntu." Yiloo nto wayeyithetha uVictor Hugo xa wayesithi, “Ndikwiqela elingekabikho—iqela lenguqu nempucuko.” Kuko kanye oko babekuchaza abo batyikitya i-“Einstein-Russell Manifesto” yowe-1955 xa babesithi bathetha “kungekhona njengamalungu esi sizwe okanye eso sizwe, ilizwekazi, okanye isivumo sokholo, kodwa njengabantu, amalungu ohlobo loMntu, oluqhubeka ubukho bakhe buhlala buhleli. ngamathandabuzo.”

Yaye ngoJulayi 1979, uNeil Armstrong wabuzwa ngoko kwakusenzeka engqondweni yakhe kwiminyaka elishumi ngaphambili xa wayemi phezu kwenyanga, waza wakhahlela indwe yaseMerika. Impendulo yakhe? “Ndicinga ukuba ucinga ngokuzingca nokuthand’ izwe. Kodwa ngelo xesha sasingenamdla wobuzwe. Savakalelwa kukuba eli liphulo loluntu lonke.”

Ngubani “Omela Ihlabathi”?

UMongameli uTrump - kunye noMongameli uBush wokuqala - nabo babengaphosisi malunga nokuba "bamele bani." Kunjalo ke kuye wonke umongameli. Akukho nto ingaqhelekanga okanye engazange ibonwe okanye eyothusayo ngayo. Isifungo sikamongameli waseMelika simalunga nokukhusela i-United States of America kunye nomgaqo-siseko wayo - ayikho enye into!

Yiyo loo nto uMongameli uBill Clinton, ngosizi, engakhange athumele amandla omkhosi waseMelika ukuba ahlangule mhlawumbi i-¾ yesigidi sabantu abaqhekezwe bangamaqhekeza eRwanda ngentwasahlobo ka-1994 - ngenxa yokuba ukubulawa kwabantu, kwakusoyikeka ngayo nantoni na enokwenzeka. , ayizange isongele ngokungqalileyo izilangazelelo zaseMerika. Yiyo loo nto uMongameli uGeorge W. Bush ABID wathumela iihelikopta zokuhlasela ukusuka e-USS Kearsarge ukuya eLiberia ngexesha lemfazwe yamakhaya kunye nenkohlakalo apho ngo-2003 - ukukhupha abemi baseMelika kwindawo yesiganeko. (Emva ekhaya kwangaxeshanye, uMkhosi waManzi wase-US wawuqhuba iintengiso zokuthengisa kwi-ESPN, izichaza “njengamandla ehlabathi okulungileyo.”)

Kodwa oku kukhokelela kwingxaki enkulu kwihlabathi lethu elihlala lincipha. Malunga nama-200 eeyunithi ezahlukeneyo ezizimeleyo, nganye ilandela iminqweno yelizwe ngalinye, ayinakuqinisekisa ngeziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo zomdla woluntu. Kwaye sibona oku kwizinto ezibandayo, ezinzima, ukusuka ekufudukeni okukhulu kunye nokuhamba kweembacu okubangelwa kukuphelelwa lithemba kwezoqoqosho, ukuya kwii-cyberattacks ezinqamlezayo kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu. I-multilateralism eyomeleleyo, inkxaso eyomeleleyo kumaziko ezizwe ngezizwe kunye neendlela eziphuculweyo zolawulo lwehlabathi zezona zixhobo zomgaqo-nkqubo zifanelekileyo - hayi ukulima kukaDonald Trump intiyo yabemi bamanye amazwe kunye ne-nativism yasekunene (eyiyo ngokwenene aba bantu bamele ingca).

Ke ngoobani, namhlanje, ngabaphi abantu abanyulwe kwiiofisi, esinokuthi sichonge ukuba ngoobani de d'rere kukukhonza intlanganisela enkulu, uluntu luphela, ukulunga koluntu jikelele?

Impendulo akukho mntu. Ayingomsebenzi kaDonald Trump ... kodwa ayingowomnye umntu. Akukho gunya lamandla angaphezu kwelizwe limi ngaphezu korhulumente wesizwe. Akukho ziko, akukho gosa linyuliweyo naphi na, elimsebenzi walo “ikukumela” uhlanga loluntu.

Kuthekani “Ngendwe Yehlabathi?”

Nangona abafundi bethu kwiDyunivesithi yaseCalifornia ngokungathandabuzekiyo benokuyila into emangalisayo ngokubonakalayo, uMongameli uTrump ukwanyanisile ukuthi “akukho nto inje” njengeflegi yehlabathi emele nantoni na ngokusemthethweni. Kodwa akubonakali ngathi oko izazinzulu zezobupolitika zikubiza ngokuba “yinkqubo yelizwe laseWestphalian” (eyavela kumnqophiso woxolo wowe-1648 owaphelisa iimfazwe ezimanyumnyezi zonqulo zaseYurophu) kuya kuhlala kukho njengenxalenye ehlala ihleli yembali yoluntu.

Sinokuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni weZizwe eziManyeneyo ezenziwe ngokutsha nedemokhrasi nezixhotyisiweyo. (Owayesakuba nguNobhala weLizwe wase-US uMadeleine Albright, kunye “neKhomishini yakhe kuKhuseleko lweHlabathi loBulungisa noLawulo,” bacebise “iNgqungquthela yeHlabathi kuLawulo lweHlabathi” ngexesha lesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-75 ye-UN ngowama-2020. ukuba kwa ezi zigqeba zisisiseko zolawulo esele zimiselwe phantse kwihlabathi liphela kwidolophu, kwiphondo, nakwinqanaba lesizwe kwihlabathi liphela - indlu yowiso-mthetho kunye nesigqeba solawulo kunye nenkundla yezomthetho-zinokuthi ngenye imini ziyilwe kwaye zisekwe kwinqanaba lehlabathi ngokunjalo.

Lo mbono nawo - ingeyiyo nje eyona mbono ingabonakaliyo yobumi behlabathi kodwa ingcamango ebambekayo yelizwe lehlabathi - uchazwe ngabona babalaseleyo kwilifa lemveli loluntu. “Ndathi nkxu kwikamva, kude njengoko iliso lomntu lalinokubona, Ndabona umbono wehlabathi, nazo zonke izimanga eziya kubakho… yoMntu, iManyano yeHlabathi.” Lowo nguAlfred Lord Tennyson, imbongi eLaureate kuKumkanikazi uVictoria, kumboniso wakhe wobugcisa we-1842. Locksley Hall.“Umhlaba lilizwe elinye, noluntu lungabemi balo.” Lowo nguBaha'u'llah, umseki woKholo lukaBaha'i, ngo-1857. (Ngokwengxelo ezininzi yinkolo yokuqala okanye yesibini ekhula ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini namhlanje.) “Ngaphandle korhulumente othile wehlabathi osebenzayo ... ithemba loxolo noluntu Inkqubela imnyama… (Kodwa) ukuba kuyenzeka ukuba kwakhiwe umbutho wehlabathi onamandla angenakuthintelwa negunya elingenakophulwa … akukho mida kwiintsikelelo abanokuthi bonke abantu bazonwabele kwaye babelane ngazo.” Elo ligorha eligcina isimilo uWinston Churchill ngo-1949. (Thatha laa Alt-Right!)

Olu hlobo lophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lunokuthi ngenye imini lunike umxholo obambekayo kunye nentsingiselo yembali kubuthandazwe beplanethi, mhlawumbi, ngakumbi nangakumbi abantu basemhlabeni banokubhengeza ngokuhamba kwexesha. Mhlawumbi eli qumrhu lentelekelelo lekamva linokusekwa, ngenye imini ekude, ngothethwano olufanelekileyo nomgaqo-siseko wehlabathi owiswe ngokusemthethweni. Basenokuyibiza ngokuthi “Lumanyano loMhlaba,” okanye “iRiphabliki yoManyano lweHlabathi,” okanye “uMhlaba oManyeneyo.” Kwimbali yekamva elingeyonyani ye INKWENKWEZI YETREK, emva koko, "i-United Federation of Planets" kumnyele yandulelwa "yiManyano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo" emhlabeni. Amakhulukhulu eenoveli zenzululwazi anemizobo efanayo yohlanga lwabantu olumanyeneyo ngokwezopolitiko. Ukuba ababhali banokulenza ikamva elinjalo libonakale lisengqiqweni yaye likholeleke ngolo hlobo, ngaba ngokwenene kububudenge ukubuza nje enoba sinokulinqwenela njengosukelo lokwenene lwembali?

"Singabantu abanye abanekamva elinye," utshilo uMongameli uTrump ngasekupheleni kwentetho yakhe kwiCongress - ethetha naye, ewe, kubantu baseMelika kuphela. Kodwa mhlawumbi akubalulekanga kakhulu ukucinga ukuba ngenye imini, inkokeli yezopolitiko iya kuhlala kwisikhundla, kwaye igcine uxanduva, kwaye ibonise ukuphakama okwaneleyo komoya womntu, ukungathethi nje kubemi belizwe elithile kodwa kubo bonke. abantu bePlanethi yoMhlaba, “Singabantu abanye abanesiphelo esinye.”

Indlela eya kwihlabathi elinye

Ngoko ke yeyiphi eza kuqala? Uvakalelo lokuthand' izwe okanye isijikelezi-langa esimanyeneyo ngokwezopolitiko? Kufana nombuzo oqhelekileyo malunga nenkukhu kunye neqanda - kuphela okulindelweyo endaweni yokubuyela emva. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba asinakuze sibone naluphi na uhlobo lwenkqubela phambili olubambekayo olusingise kumanyano lwezopolitiko lwehlabathi kude kube inani elikhulu labantu bazive, emathanjeni abo, into efana neenqobo zokuziphatha zomanyano lwabantu. Okanye mhlawumbi endaweni yokuba asisoze sibe nabantu abaninzi abazibona ngokwabo njengabemi behlabathi de kube wonke umntu ophilayo ube ngummi - kunye namalungelo kunye noxanduva - lwe-United Earth.

Ngo-1946, umbhali uPhillip Marshall Brown wabhala ibali elingaphandle malunga nokuphazamiseka korhulumente wehlabathi Newsweek iphephancwadi. (Ewe, iminyaka emifutshane kodwa eyoyikisayo emva nje kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, intshukumo yokudala into efana neriphabliki yehlabathi yayanele ukuba yinxalenye yelizwe. zeitgeist - ngakumbi phakathi kwabafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo kunye nabafundi beekholeji - ukuba yavelisa olo hlobo lwengqwalasela. Owam owakhe umbhali-mbhali ngamaxesha athile, owayesakuba nguSenator wase-US kunye nomncedisi we-JFK White House uHarris Wofford, wasebenza njengomseki ngoko “we-Student Federalists” - eyaseka izahluko ezishushu kwizikolo zamabanga aphakamileyo ezingama-367 kunye neekhampasi zasekholejini ezijikeleze i-US, nesekhona nanamhlanje. njengaloo ngalo yabafundi beCitizens for Global Solutions.) Ekupheleni kwesiqwenga uMnumzana uBrown wema kumbuzo wenkukhu/iqanda, waza waqinisekisa ukuba “zonke iinzame, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zisengqiqweni kangakanani na, ukuseka urhulumente wehlabathi ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kusilela. ngaphandle kokuba abantu behlabathi banokumanyana kubuzalwana obunye.” Olo qikelelo lusenokuthi ekugqibeleni lungqineke luchanile. Okanye isenokujika ibe ngenye indlela ngokupheleleyo.

Kwintetho kaSteve Bannon yeCPAC, wathi "ukhuseleko lwesizwe kunye nolongamo" yenye yeenjongo ezintathu eziphambili zolawulo lukaTrump. Kwaye bobabini kunye noMongameli uTrump basebenzise ibinzana elithi "iMelika kuqala." Ke bobabini abanakufane balamkele icebiso lokuba mhlawumbi kufanele kubekho umhobe wehlabathi kunye neflegi yehlabathi, okanye naluphi na usukuzwano lokuba izilangazelelo zesizwe ngamanye amaxesha zinokuphenjelelwa zizinto eziqhelekileyo zoluntu.

Inye into enokuthetha ngayo kuthi ukuba sivulekele amathuba anjalo ekamva? Inokwenza elinye inqaku lokuchasa i-ajenda kaTrump. Inokubonelela ngesinye isithuthi sokungena phantsi kwesikhumba sakhe.

Kuba mhlawumbi, ngenye imini-nangona kunokwenzeka kudala emva kokuba uTrump kunye noBannon bethunyelwe kumgqomo wothuli wembali - kuya kubakho umhobe wehlabathi. Mhlawumbi, ngenye imini, kuya kubakho iflegi yehlabathi. Mhlawumbi, ngenye imini, siya kuhlala sonke kwiLizwe elinye.