By NDINGA, Disemba 9, 2021
Umthetho obanzi owamkelwa liBhunga lesiXeko saseNew York nge-9 kaDisemba ka-2021, ucela i-NYC ukuba ihlukane nezixhobo zenyukliya, iseke ikomiti enoxanduva lokucwangcisa kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo onxulumene nobume be-NYC njengendawo engenazo izixhobo zenyukliya, kwaye icela urhulumente wase-US. ukujoyina iSivumelwano soThintelo lweZixhobo zeNyukliya (TPNW).
Namhlanje, iSixeko saseNew York sajoyina amakhulu ezixeko zase-US nakwihlabathi jikelele abaye babiza oorhulumente babo belizwe ukuba bajoyine i-TPNW. Oku kuzibophelela kunentsingiselo ngakumbi xa kujongwa ilifa le-NYC njengesixeko apho izixhobo zenyukliya zaqala khona, kwaye ngenxa yempembelelo eqhubekayo ethi iProjekthi yeManhattan kunye nomzi mveliso wezixhobo zenyukliya eziqhubeka nokuba nazo eluntwini kuzo zonke iidolophu ze-NYC.
Kodwa le phakheji inamandla yomthetho izibini izibini ze-ICAN Cities kunye nezibophelelo ezisemthethweni zeNew York, umzekelo:
- Isisombululo 976 ihlaba ikhwelo kuMlawuli we-NYC ukuba ayalele iingxowa-mali zomhlalaphantsi zabasebenzi bakarhulumente ukuba zihlukane neenkampani ezibandakanyekayo ekuvelisweni nasekugcinweni kwezixhobo zenyukliya. Oku kuchaphazela malunga nama-475 ezigidi zeerandi kwingxowa-mali ye-266.7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.
- IsiGqibo esingu-976 siqinisekisa kwakhona i-NYC njengoMmandla weNuclear-Weapons-Free, exhasa isisombululo sangaphambili seBhunga lesiXeko esithintela ukuveliswa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, ukubekwa, kunye nokusasazwa kwezixhobo zenyukliya ngaphakathi kwe-NYC.
- Intshayelelo 1621 useka ikomiti yeengcebiso yokufundisa uluntu kwaye indulule umgaqo-nkqubo kwimiba enxulumene nokuthotywa kwezixhobo zenyukliya.
The Umxhasi okhokelayo wowiso-mthetho, iLungu leBhunga uDaniel Dromm, yathi: “Umthetho wam uya kuthumela isigidimi ehlabathini sokuba abemi baseNew York abayi kuhlala bengenzi nto phantsi kwesisongelo sembubhiso yenyukliya. Sifuna ukulungisa izinto ezingalunganga zokonzakaliswa kwenyukliya kwisixeko sethu ngokulahla imali, ukugcina umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nokulungisa umonakalo owenziwe yiManhattan Project. "
“Ndichulumancile ukuba lo mthetho ulungelelanisa ipenshoni ye-NYC kunye nemilinganiselo yethu eqhubela phambili,” utshilo uRobert Croonquist, utitshala odla umhlala-phantsi kwisikolo sikarhulumente sase-NYC, kunye nomseki we-ICAN Partner Organisation Youth Arts New York/Hibakusha Stories. “Andikhange ndibuchithe ubomi bam bobudala ndityala imali kwikamva lolutsha lwesiXeko sethu kuphela ndatyala imali yam yomhlalaphantsi ekutshatyalalisweni kwabo.”
Imbali yaseNew York ngezixhobo zenyukliya
IProjekthi yaseManhattan, apho i-US yaphuhlisa iibhombu zeathom ezisetyenziselwa ukubulala abantu abangama-200,000 eHiroshima naseNagasaki ngo-1945, yaqaliswa kwisakhiwo seofisi esijongene neHolo yesiXeko kanye apho lo mthetho wamkelwa khona. Ebudeni bemisebenzi yeProjekthi yeManhattan, uMkhosi wase-US waxhobisa ngenkqubo yophando lwenyukliya kwiYunivesithi yaseColumbia, wade wacinezela iqela lebhola ekhatywayo leyunivesithi ukuba lihambise iitoni zeuranium.
Ngexesha leMfazwe ebandayo, umkhosi wase-US wakha isangqa sezixhobo ezijulwayo zenyukliya ngaphakathi nakufutshane ne-NYC, izindlu ezimalunga nama-200 emfazwe, nto leyo eyenza ukuba i-NYC ibe yinto ekujoliswe kuyo kuhlaselo.
Namhlanje, uluntu lwaseNYC luyaqhubeka nokuchatshazelwa lilifa leProjekthi yaseManhattan. Imathiriyeli yokusasazeka ngemitha yaphathwa kwiindawo ezili-16 kuyo yonke i-NYC, kubandakanywa iilebhu zaseyunivesithi, iindawo zokugcina iikontraka, kunye neendawo zokuhamba. Ezintandathu kwezo ndawo, ezigxininiswe kwiindawo ezihlelelekileyo, ziye zafuna ukulungiswa kokusingqongileyo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko olu lungiso luyaqhubeka.
Ukwengeza, NYCAN uqikelelo ukuba iingxowa-mali zomhlalaphantsi zikawonke-wonke ze-NYC namhlanje zinezigidi ezingama-475 zeerandi ezityalwe kubavelisi bezixhobo zenyukliya. Oku kumele ngaphantsi kwe-0.25% yezibonelelo zengxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi yeSixeko, nangona kunjalo, kwaye ezi zabelo ngokubanzi ziqhuba kakubi utyalo-mali olunoxanduva loluntu. Okuqaphelekayo, uBrad Lander, onyulwe nguMlawuli, uncedise uRes. 976 (ebiza uMphathi ukuba adive). Kwingcaciso yakhe yevoti, nge-9 kaDisemba 2021, wathi "Ndiyathembisa njengoMlawuli weSixeko saseNew York ukusebenzisana nolu luntu kwaye siphonononge inkqubo yokuchithwa kwepenshoni yesiXeko saseNew York ekuthengisweni nasekuhambeni kwezixhobo zenyukliya."
Kangangamashumi eminyaka, abantu baseNew York bebekhalazela ukwenziwa kwenyukliya kwesixeko sabo. Ingxelo kaJohn Hersey ye-1946 yempembelelo yobuntu yebhombu yeathom, Hiroshima, yapapashwa okokuqala kwiNew Yorker. UDorothy Day, umseki woMsebenzi wamaKatolika, wabanjwa ngenxa yokungathobeli uqheliselo lokuzikhusela. Abasetyhini baqhankqalaza ngoXolo bechasa uvavanyo lwenyukliya, beqalisa umsebenzi wezopolitiko woMmeli wexesha elizayo wase-US uBella Abzug. Owayesakuba nguSodolophu we-NYC uDavid Dinkins wajoyina amatsha ntliziyo ekuhleni ngempumelelo izicwangciso zokwenza iStaten Island ibe lizibuko leNavy elinezixhobo zenyukliya. Kwaye ngo-1982, abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi benza umngcelele wokunciphisa izixhobo zenyukliya e-NYC, olona qhanqalazo lukhulu eMelika. Ngo-1983, iBhunga lesiXeko sase-NY laphumeza isigqibo sokuqala sokubhengeza i-NYC njengeNdawo eNgenazixhobo zeNyukliya. Zonke iziseko zezixhobo zenyukliya ezikummandla wazo ziye zayekiswa ukusebenza, kwaye uMkhosi waManzi kuxelwe ukuba uyakuphepha ukuzisa iinqanawa ezinezixhobo zenyukliya kunye nenyukliya eZibukweni.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nelifa lenyukliya le-NYC, bona Ukusuka kwiProjekthi yeManhattan ukuya kwi-Nuclear Free, ibhalwe ilungu le-NYCAN uDkt. Matthew Bolton, we-International Disarmament Institute kwiYunivesithi yasePace.
Iphulo le-NYCAN lokubuyisela umva ilifa lenyukliya le-NYC
Ngo-2018, amalungu ase-NYC asekwe kwi-ICAN yaqaliswa iPhulo laseNew York lokuPhelisa izixhobo zeNyukliya (INYCAN). Itshantliziyo le-NYC uBrendan Fay wadibanisa uGqr. Kathleen Sullivan (uMlawuli we-ICAN Partner Hibakusha Stories) kunye neLungu leBhunga uDaniel Dromm, owathi emva koko wancedisa ekuququzeleleni. ileta, isayinwe ngokudibeneyo ngamaLungu eBhunga angama-26, kuMlawuli we-NYC uScott Stringer. Le leta icele ukuba uStringer "alungelelanise amandla emali esixeko sethu kunye namaxabiso ethu aqhubela phambili" kwaye ayalele imali yomhlalaphantsi ye-NYC ukuba ihlukane notyalo-mali kwiinkampani ezenza inzuzo kwizixhobo zenyukliya. I-NYCAN emva koko iqalise iintlanganiso kunye neofisi yoMlawuli ukuxoxa ngeendlela zamanyathelo alandelayo, ukupapasha ingxelo kule nkqubo.
NgoJulayi ka-2019, Ilungu leBhunga uDromm wazisa umthetho. Amalungu eBhunga uHelen Rosenthal kunye noKallos bakhawuleza bajoyina njengabaxhasi-mali, kwaye, kunye nokukhuthaza kwe-NYCAN, umthetho ngokukhawuleza wafumana uninzi lwabaxhasi beLungu leBhunga.
NgoJanuwari ka-2020, kwindibano yokumamela yomibini le mithetho, amalungu ali-137 oluntu anike ubungqina kwaye angenisa ngaphezulu kwamaphepha angama-400 obungqina obubhaliweyo, eqinisekisa inkxaso enzulu yokuthotywa kwezixhobo zenyukliya kunye nokuqaqambisa amazwi abaninimhlalaphantsi be-NYC, iinkokeli zemveli, zenkolo. iinkokeli, amagcisa, kunye ne-hibakusha (abasindileyo kwiibhombu zeathom).
Ukwamkelwa komthetho
Umthetho uphelelwe ngamandla kwiKomiti ngo-2020 nango-2021, ngelixa i-NYC, njengezixeko ezininzi, isokola ukulawula iziphumo zobhubhani we-COVID-19. Kodwa i-NYCAN iqhubekile nokuthethelela, isebenzisana nemibutho yamaqabane e-ICAN kunye namanye amatsha ntliziyo e-NYC, kuquka neqela lentshukumo elithe ngqo lendawo ethi Rise and Resist. Ezi zenzo zibandakanya ukuhlonipha isikhumbuzo esibalulekileyo sokuqhushumba kwe-Hiroshima kunye ne-Nagasaki, ukulungelelanisa ukukhanya kwe-NYC skyscrapers ukuphawula ukungena kokusebenza kwe-TPNW, ukuhamba kwi-parade ye-Pride yonyaka, kunye nokubandakanyeka kwi-polar yoSuku loNyaka oMtsha. ukuthotywa kwezixhobo kuLwandlekazi olubandayo lweAtlantiki eRockaway Beach.
Ukwamkelwa komthetho
Umthetho uphelelwe ngamandla kwiKomiti ngo-2020 nango-2021, ngelixa i-NYC, njengezixeko ezininzi, isokola ukulawula iziphumo zobhubhani we-COVID-19. Kodwa i-NYCAN iqhubekile nokuthethelela, isebenzisana nemibutho yamaqabane e-ICAN kunye namanye amatsha ntliziyo e-NYC, kuquka neqela lentshukumo elithe ngqo lendawo ethi Rise and Resist. Ezi zenzo zibandakanya ukuhlonipha isikhumbuzo esibalulekileyo sokuqhushumba kwe-Hiroshima kunye ne-Nagasaki, ukulungelelanisa ukukhanya kwe-NYC skyscrapers ukuphawula ukungena kokusebenza kwe-TPNW, ukuhamba kwi-parade ye-Pride yonyaka, kunye nokubandakanyeka kwi-polar yoSuku loNyaka oMtsha. ukuthotywa kwezixhobo kuLwandlekazi olubandayo lweAtlantiki eRockaway Beach.
Ngeeveki kuphela eziseleyo kwiseshoni yowiso-mthetho, ngoNovemba ka-2021, uSomlomo weBhunga leSixeko uCorey Johnson wavuma ukujoyina i-NYCAN kwindawo encinci yolwamkelo eyayibanjwe nguGqr. uthethathethwano lwe-TPNW, ngokuqeshwa kwakhe ngokutsha njenge-Irish Consul General e-NYC. Ukuchaphazeleka ngeentetho ezenziwe yi-NYCAN ngobo busuku, kubandakanywa noDkt. Sullivan, Fay, Seth Shelden, noMitchie Takeuchi, uSomlomo wathi uya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthetho uya kwamkelwa.
Ngomhla we-9 kuDisemba 2021, umthetho wamkelwa sisininzi esikhulu seBhunga leSixeko. Umthetho uthi “IsiXeko saseNew York sinoxanduva olukhethekileyo, njengendawo yemisebenzi yeProjekthi yeManhattan kunye nekhonkco lokuxhasa ngezimali izixhobo zenyukliya, ukuvakalisa ubumbano kuwo onke amaxhoba kunye noluntu olonakaliswe kukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zenyukliya, uvavanyo kunye nemisebenzi enxulumene noko”.
Ngesi senzo sinentsingiselo, i-NYC idale imodeli yowiso-mthetho enamandla kwabanye oorhulumente basekhaya. Namhlanje, i-NYC ayinikeli kuphela inkxaso yezopolitiko kwi-US ukuba ijoyine i-TPNW, kodwa iphinda ithathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okudala isixeko kunye nehlabathi elikhuselekileyo kwisongelo sezi zixhobo zokutshatyalaliswa okukhulu.
