NguRené Wadlow, TRANSCEND IiNkonzo zoLuntu, NgoMeyi 2, 2023
Ngomhla wesi-4 kuMatshi ka-2023, kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo eNew York, inyathelo elibalulekileyo ekukhuseleni iilwandle lathathwa ngokunikezelwa kweSivumelwano kuLwandle oluPhezulu. Injongo yesi sivumelwano kukhuseleko lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo zolwandle ngaphaya kwemida yelizwe. Olu thethwano lwaqala ngo-2004. Ubude bazo bubonisa ezinye zeengxaki zemiba.
ISivumelwano esitsha samaLwandle aPhakamileyo sichaphazela ubuninzi beelwandle ezingaphaya kolawulo lwesizwe kunye nommandla woqoqosho olulodwa (EEZ). Esi sivumelwano sitsha sibonisa inkxalabo ngeziphumo zokufudumala kwehlabathi, ukukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, iinzame zokulwa nongcoliseko olusekelwe emhlabeni, kunye neziphumo zokuloba ngokugqithisileyo. Ukukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo ngoku kuphezulu kwi-ajenda yezopolitiko yamazwe amaninzi.
Umnqophiso omtsha wakhela phezu kweengxoxo ngexesha le-1970s eyakhokelela kuMthetho we-1982 weNgqungquthela yoLwandle. Uthethathethwano lweminyaka elishumi, apho imibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente efana noMbutho waBemi beHlabathi idlale indima ebonakalayo, ijongene ikakhulu nokwandiswa kolawulo lwesizwe ukubandakanya "indawo yoqoqosho olulodwa" phantsi kolawulo lukaRhulumente olubambe i-12 nautical. -imayile yolawulo. URhulumente ekuthethwa ngaye unokwenza amalungiselelo emali kunye namanye aMazwe ngokuloba okanye eminye imisebenzi ngaphakathi kwendawo yoqoqosho olulodwa.
Umthetho we-1982 weNgqungquthela yoLwandle yayiyinzame yokunika ubume bomthetho koko bekungumthetho wesithethe wezizwe ngezizwe ngokuyila isivumelwano esibanzi somthetho. UMthetho weNgqungquthela yoLwandle nawo wakhokelela ekudalweni kwenkqubo yomthetho yokusonjululwa kwengxabano.
Abanye babameli abangengabo bakarhulumente abathathe inxaxheba kwiingxoxo zoo-1970 balumkisa ngobunzima obuvela ngenxa yokudibana kweMimandla yoQoqosho eKhethekileyo, ngakumbi ii-EEZ ezingqonge iziqithi zesizwe ezincinci. Ukuziqhelanisa kubonise ukuba iinkxalabo zethu bezifanelekile. Imeko yeMeditera ididaniswa lunxulumano olusondeleyo okanye ukudibana kweeNdawo zoQoqosho eziKhethekileyo zaseGreece naseTurkey, kunye nezo zaseCyprus, eSyria, eLebhanon, eLibya, kwaSirayeli - zonke iiLizwe ezinoxinzelelo olunzulu lwezopolitiko.
Umgaqo-nkqubo okhoyo ngoku worhulumente waseTshayina kunye nenani leenqanawa zemfazwe ezijikelezayo kuLwandle lwaseChina eSouth China zidlula nantoni na endandiyoyika ngeminyaka yee-1970. Ukungakhathali kwamagunya amakhulu, indlela yawo yokuzinikela kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nokunqongophala kwamandla amaziko omthetho ekulawuleni ukuziphatha koMbuso kwenza ubani akhathazeke. Nangona kunjalo, kukho i-2002 Phnom Penh Declaration on Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea efuna ukuthembela, ukunqanda, kunye nokusonjululwa kweengxabano ngeendlela zomthetho ukuze sibe nethemba lokuba "iintloko ezipholileyo" ziya kuphumelela.
Abameli bemibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente baphinde badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudalweni kweSivumelwano esitsha kuLwandle oluPhezulu, nokuba kusekho imiba, efana nemigodi kunxweme lolwandle, eshiywe ngaphandle kwesivumelwano. Kuyakhuthaza ukuba kubekho intsebenziswano phakathi koorhulumente abakhulu - i-USA, i-China, i-European Union. Usekho umsebenzi ongaphambili, kwaye iinzame zikarhulumente kufuneka zijongwe ngeliso elibukhali. Nangona kunjalo, u-2023 ukwisiqalo esihle sokukhusela kunye nokusetyenziswa ngobulumko kweelwandle.
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URené Wadlow lilungu le UThungelwano lwe-TRASCEND lweNdawo yoPhuhliso loXolo. UnguMongameli we-Association of Citizens World, intlangano yoxolo yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nesimo sokubonisana kunye ne-ECOSOC, intlangano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo eququzelela intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokuxazulula iingxaki kwimiba yezoqoqosho nentlalontle, kunye nomhleli we-Transnational Perspectives.
