I-Maryland, kunye nelinye ilizwe kufuneka liyeke ukuthumela imikhosi yoonogada kwiiMfazwe ezikude

NguDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War, Februwari 12, 2023

Ndibhale oku kulandelayo njengobungqina kwiNdibano yeZizwe eziMaryland ukuxhasa umthetho oyilwayo HB0220

Inkampani yokuvota yase-US ebizwa ngokuba yiZogby Research Services yakwazi ukuvota imikhosi yase-US e-Iraq kwi-2006, kwaye yafumanisa ukuba i-72 ekhulwini labo bavotelwa bafuna ukuba imfazwe iphele ngo-2006. kodwa kwiiMarines kuphela ngama-70 ekhulwini akwenzayo. Kwiindawo zogcino kunye neNational Guard, nangona kunjalo, amanani ayengama-2006 kunye nama-58 ekhulwini ngokulandelanayo. Ngoxa sasisiva intsholo ethe gqolo kumajelo eendaba ngokugcina imfazwe “yemikhosi,” yona imikhosi ayizange ifune ukuba iqhubeke. Kwaye wonke umntu, kwiminyaka kamva, uyavuma ukuba imikhosi yayinyanisile.

Kodwa kutheni amanani ayephezulu kangaka, elunge kakhulu, kuMkhosi? Ingcaciso enye enokuba yinxalenye yobuncinci yomahluko ziindlela zokugaya ezahluke kakhulu, eyona ndlela yahluke kakhulu abantu abadla ngokujoyina iGadi. Ngamafutshane, abantu bazibandakanya nonogada emva kokubona izibhengezo zokunceda uluntu kwiintlekele zendalo, ngoxa abantu bezibandakanya emkhosini emva kokubona izibhengezo zokuthatha inxaxheba kwiimfazwe. Kubi ngokwaneleyo ukuthunyelwa emfazweni ngesiseko sobuxoki; kubi nakakhulu ukuthunyelwa emfazweni ngesiseko sobuxoki kunye neentengiso ezilahlekisayo zokugaya.

Kukho umahluko ngokwembali phakathi komlindi okanye umkhosi kunye nomkhosi ngokunjalo. Isithethe samajoni karhulumente sikufanele ukugwetywa ngendima yawo kubukhoboka nokwandiswa. Inqaku apha kukuba sisithethe esaqhubela phambili kumashumi eminyaka okuqala e-United States ngokuchasene namandla omanyano, kubandakanywa ngokuchasene nokusekwa komkhosi omileyo. Ukuthumela umlindi okanye umkhosi kwiimfazwe konke konke, kuncinci ukwenza oko ngaphandle kokuxoxa nzulu esidlangalaleni, kukwenza ngokufanelekileyo umlindi abe yinxalenye yomkhosi osisigxina obiza imali eninzi kakhulu owakha wabonwa lihlabathi.

Ke, nokuba umntu ebenokuvuma ukuba umkhosi wase-US uthunyelwe kwiimfazwe, nangaphandle kwesibhengezo se-Congressional yemfazwe, kuya kubakho izizathu eziqinileyo zokuphatha umlindi ngokwahlukileyo.

Kodwa ngaba nabani na kufuneka athunyelwe emfazweni? Usemthethweni ngantoni lo mba? IUnited States iyinxalenye yezivumelwano ezahlukeneyo ezithintelayo, kwezinye iimeko zonke, kwezinye iimeko phantse zonke, iimfazwe. Ezi ziquka:

1899 INkomfa yePasifiki yokuHlaliswa kweeMbango zeHlabathi

The IHague Convention ye1907

1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact

1945 Charter UN

Izigqibo ezahlukeneyo ze-UN, ezifana 2625 kwaye 3314

1949 NATO mqulu

1949 Isibano sesine seGeneva

1976 Umnqophiso wamanye amazwe wamaLungelo oLuntu nawezopolitiko (ICCPR) kunye ne UMnqophiso wamaZwe ngamaLungelo ezoQoqosho, iNtlalo, kunye neNkcubeko

1976 ISivumelwano se-Amity kunye neNtsebenziswano kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia

Kodwa nokuba siphatha imfazwe njengesemthethweni, uMgaqo-siseko wase-US ucacisa ukuba yiCongress, ingenguye umongameli okanye inkundla, onamandla okubhengeza imfazwe, ukuphakamisa kunye nokuxhasa imikhosi (ingekho ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibini ngexesha) , kunye "nokulungiselela ukubiza uMkhosi ukuba uphumeze iMithetho yoManyano, ukucinezela uVukelo kunye nokugxotha uhlaselo."

Sele sinengxaki kuba iimfazwe zamva nje zithande ukuhlala ixesha elide kuneminyaka emibini kwaye azinanto yakwenza nokuphunyezwa kwemithetho, ukucinezela uvukelo, okanye ukugxotha uhlaselo. Kodwa nokuba siyibeka ecaleni yonke loo nto, la ayingomandla omongameli okanye i-bureaucracy, kodwa ngokucacileyo kwiCongress.

I-HB0220 ithi: “NGAPHANDLE KWALO NALUPHI NA OMNYE ULUNGISELELO LOMTHETHO, IRHULUMENTE AYINGAKUYALELA IMILITI OKANYE NALUPHI NA ILUNGU LOMZIMBA UKUBA LIBE NOMSEBENZI OLUSEBENZAYO NGAPHANDLE kokuba I-UNCONGRESS YASE-US IPHUMISE ISIBHENGEZO ESISEMTHETHWENI OKANYE ICANDELO LOMLO. 8, ISAHLUKO LE-15 LOMGAQO-SISEKO WASE-US UKUBIZELA NGOKUCACILEYO AMAJONGA IKARHULUMENTE OKANYE NALO NAliphi na ILUNGU LOMBUTHO WIKARHULUMENTE UKUBA APHUMELE IMITHETHO YASE-UNITED STATES, BUYISE UKUHLASELA, OKANYE UKUNXINZE IZIQHELEKO.”

ICongress ayizange idlulise isibhengezo esisemthethweni semfazwe ukususela kwi-1941, ngaphandle kokuba inkcazo yokwenza oko ichazwa ngokubanzi. Ugunyaziso olungekho semthethweni nolungekho semthethweni olugqithisiweyo alukhange lube kukuphumeza imithetho, ukucinezela uvukelo, okanye ukugxotha uhlaselo. Njengayo yonke imithetho, i-HB0220 iya kuxhomekeka ekutolikweni. Kodwa iya kufeza ubuncinci izinto ezimbini ngokuqinisekileyo.

• I-HB0220 iya kudala ukubakho kokugcina umkhosi waseMaryland uphume emfazweni.
• I-HB0220 iya kuthumela umyalezo kurhulumente wase-US ukuba ilizwe laseMaryland liza kubonelela ngochaso oluthile, olunokuthi luncede ukuthomalalisa ukufudumala okungakhathaliyo.

Abahlali base-US bamele ukuba bamelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiCongress, kodwa ukongeza, oorhulumente basekhaya kunye norhulumente bafanele ukubamela kwiCongress. Ukuwisa lo mthetho kuya kuba yinxalenye yokwenza oko. Izixeko, iidolophu, kunye namazwe ngokuqhubekayo nangokufanelekileyo bathumela izikhalazo kwiCongress kuzo zonke iintlobo zezicelo. Oku kuvunyelwe phantsi kweGatya lesi-3, uMthetho we-XII, iCandelo 819, leMithetho yeNdlu yabaMeli. Eli gatya lisetyenziswa rhoqo ukwamkela izicelo ezivela kwizixeko, kunye nezikhumbuzo ezivela kumazwe, kulo lonke elaseUnited States. Okufanayo kusekwe kwi-Jefferson Manual, incwadi yomthetho yeNdlu eyabhalwa kuqala nguThomas Jefferson kwiSenate.

UDavid Swanson ungumlobi, u-activist, intatheli, kunye nomsakazo. Ungumlawuli olawulayo World BEYOND War kunye nomququzeleli wephulo RootsAction.org. Iincwadi zikaSwitanson ziquka Imfazwe Lixoki kwaye Xa iMfazwe yeHlabathi iHlabathiwe. U bhuloza DavidSwanson.org kwaye ImfazweIiCrime.org. Uyabamba Thetha iRadiyo yeHlabathi. Nguye Umtyunjwa weBhaso likaNobel.

USwanson wanikwa imbasa 2018 Peace Prize yi-US Peace Memorial Foundation. Uye wawongwa ngembasa yeBeacon yoXolo yi-Eisenhower Isahluko seVeterans for Peace ngo-2011, kunye nembasa kaDorothy Eldridge Peacemaker eyenziwe yiNew Jersey Peace Action ngo-2022.

ISwanson ikwibhodi zengcebiso ze: I-Nobel Peace Prize Watch, Amanqwanqwa Oxolo, Assange Defense, BPUR, yaye Iintsapho zoMkhosi zithetha. UnguMdibaniso we ISiseko saMazwe ngaMazwe, kunye noMxhasi we Iqonga loXolo noBuntu.

Fumana uDavid Swanson kwi MSNBC, C-Span, INdemokhrasi ngoku, Guardian, Isikhonkwane sePunch, Iindoda eziqhelekileyo, Thunti, Inkqubela phambili, Amazon.com, TomDispatch, I-Hook, Njl