I-Overseas Base Realignment kunye ne-Clal Coalition ithumele ileta ibongoza iSenethi kunye neeKomiti zeeArhente zeeNkonzo ezixhobileyo ukuba zibandakanye imfuno yokunika ingxelo kwiziseko zaphesheya kwi-FY2020 NDAA ukukhulisa ukungafihli, ukusindisa iidola zabarhafi, kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko lwesizwe. Le leta, iqhotyoshelwe apha ngezantsi, yasayinwa ngabantu abangaphezulu kweshumi elinambini lezomkhosi kunye nemibutho.

Imibuzo ingabhekiswa kuyo OBRACC2018@gmail.com.

Ngombulelo,

david

UDavid Vine
NguNjingalwazi
KwiSebe le-Anthropology
University of American
I-4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW
IWashington, DC 20016 eMelika

Agasti 23, 2019

Ohloniphekileyo uJames Inhofe

USihlalo, iKomiti ye-Senate yeeNkonzo zeMfazwe

 

Ohloniphekileyo uJack Reed

Isikhundla sokuba lilungu, iKomiti yeSenate kwiiNkonzo eziButhayo

 

Ohloniphekileyo uAdam Smith

Usihlalo, weKomiti yeeNkonzo ezixhobileyo

 

Ohlonitshwayo weMac Thornberry

Isikhundla sokuba lilungu, iKomiti yeNkonzo yeZikhali

 

Bathandekayo kwi-Chairmen Inhofe kunye noSmith, kunye namaLungu eSikhundla samaLungu kwiRhafu kunye ne-Thornberry:

Siliqela leengcaphephe zezomkhosi ezivela kulo lonke unxibelelwano lwezopolitiko ukukubongoza ukuba ugcine uSec. I-1079 ye-HR 2500, "Ingxelo ngeNdleko zeMali zeMikhosi yaseMelika yeLinye ilizwe kunye nokuSebenza," kwi-National Defense Authorization Act yezezimali u-2020. Ukuba yenziwe ngokungqongqo, le ngxelo inokunyusa ukucaca kunye nokwenza ukuba kube lula ukubeka iliso kwinkcitho yePentagon, inegalelo kwimizamo ebanzi yokuphelisa inkcitho yenkcitho kwezomkhosi, kunye nokomeleza ukulungela komkhosi kunye nokhuseleko lukazwelonke.

Ixesha elide kakhulu, akukho nto icace gca malunga neesiseko zomkhosi wase-US kunye nokusebenza phesheya. Okwangoku kuqikelelwa iziseko zomkhosi we-800 zase-US ("iziseko") ngaphandle kwamazwe e-50 kunye neWashington, DC. Zisasazeke kumazwe nakwimimandla ye-80-iphantse yaliphinda kabini inani lamazwe awayebanjiwe xa kuthelekiswa nokuphela kweMfazwe ebandayo. [1]

Uphando kudala lubonisa ukuba iziseko zaphesheya kwezilwandle kunzima kakhulu ukuzicima xa sele zisuselwe. Rhoqo, iziseko phesheya zihlala zivulekile ngenxa ye-inertia ye-bureaucratic kuphela.^[2] Amagosa omkhosi kunye nabanye bahlala becinga ukuba ukuba isiseko siphesheya kufuneka sibekho; I-Congress inqabile ukunyanzela umkhosi ukuba uhlaziye okanye ubonise izibonelelo zokhuseleko lukazwelonke kwiziseko zaphesheya.

Isikrelemnqa sorhwaphilizo somkhosi waselwandle "uFat Leonard", nesikhokelele kwishumi lezigidi zeedola kumrhumo ogqithisileyo kunye norhwaphilizo olwandileyo kumagosa akwinqanaba eliphezulu lomkhosi waselwandle, ngomnye wemizekelo emininzi yokunqongophala kokongamela okufanelekileyo koluntu phesheya kolwandle. Ubukho bomkhosi obukhulayo e-Afrika yenye into: Xa amajoni amane asweleka edabini laseNiger ngo-2017, uninzi lwamalungu eCongress othuswa kukufumanisa ukuba malunga namajoni ali-1,000 40 kwelo lizwe. Nangona iPentagon kudala isithi inesiseko esinye e-Afrika-eDibouti-uphando lubonisa ukuba ngoku kukho ukufakwa okungama-46 ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo (igosa lomkhosi elinye lavuma ukufakwa okungama-2017 ngo-3). [22] Usenokuba uphakathi kweqela elincinci kwiCongress elaziyo ukuba imikhosi yase-US ibibandakanyeka kumlo ubuncinci kumazwe angama-2001 ukusukela ngo-4, neziphumo ezihlala zintlekele. [XNUMX]

Iinkqubo zangoku zokongamela azonelanga kwiCongress kunye noluntu ukuba isebenzise ulawulo olululo lwabemi kulwakhiwo lomkhosi kunye nemisebenzi phesheya kwezilwandle. Ingxelo yePentagon yonyaka "yeNgxelo yoLwakhiwo lweSiseko" ibonelela ngolwazi malunga nenani kunye nobungakanani beendawo ezisisiseko phesheya, nangona kunjalo, iyasilela ukunika ingxelo kufakelo oluninzi olwaziwayo kumazwe kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ihlala inikezela ngedatha engaphelelanga okanye engachanekanga. [5] Uninzi lukrokrela ukuba iPentagon ayilazi elona nyani lofakelo phesheya.

ISebe lezoKhuselo "Ingxelo yeNdleko eziNgaphaya kweLizwe," ingeniswe kuxwebhu lohlahlo-lwabiwo mali, ibonelela ngolwazi lweendleko malunga nokufakwa kwezinye kodwa hayi onke amazwe apho umkhosi ugcina iziseko. Idatha yeNgxelo ihlala ingaphelelanga kwaye ihlala ingabikho kumazwe amaninzi. Kwisithuba esingaphezulu kweshumi leminyaka, i-DoD ibike iindleko zonyaka kwizinto zamashishini aphesheya ezimalunga ne-20 yezigidigidi. Uhlalutyo oluzimeleyo lubonisa ukuba eyona ndleko yokusebenza kunye nokugcina iziseko zangaphandle ingaphaya kabini, idlula i-51 yezigidigidi ngonyaka, ngeendleko zizonke (kubandakanywa nabasebenzi) ezixabisa malunga neebhiliyoni zeerandi ze-150. [6] Ukungabikho kweliso ngaphezulu kwenkcitho Kuyamangalisa ingakumbi xa kunikwa amashumi ezigidi zeedola eziphuma kumalungu amalungu eCongress nakwizithili ukuya kwiindawo zaphesheya unyaka nonyaka.

Ukuba isetyenziswe kakuhle, ingxelo efunwa nguSe. I-1079 ye-HR 2500 iya kuphucula kakhulu ukubonakala kwemikhosi yasemkhosini phesheya kwaye ivumele i-Congress kunye noluntu ukuba lusebenzise ukongamela ngokufanelekileyo abantu ngePentagon. Siyakubongoza ukuba ufake uSec. I-1079 kwi-FY2020 NDAA. Siyanibongoza ukuba nihlaziye ulwimi oluhlengahlengisiweyo ukuze babambe amagama akwisiqendu 1, "kubandakanywa uluhlu lokugcina lwendawo." Ngenxa yokulingana kweNgxelo yoLwakhiwo lweSiseko, ingxelo efunekayo kufuneka ibhale iindleko kunye nezibonelelo zokhuseleko lukazwelonke Ukufakwa kwe-US phesheya.

Enkosi ngokuthatha la manyathelo abalulekileyo ukwandisa ukwenziwa kwezinto elubala, ukugcina imali yabarhafi, kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko lwesizwe.

Ozithobileyo,

Ulwabiwo lokuQinisekiswa koBuNxweme kunye nokuVala

UChristine Ahn, i-Women Cross DMZ

U-Andrew J. Bacevich, Iziko laseQuincy loBalo oluThembekileyo

I-medea uBenjamin, uCodirector, uCodepink

UPhyllis Bennis, uMlawuli, iProjekthi ye-Internationalism entsha, iZiko leziFundo sePolisi

Leah Bolger, CDR, Umkhosi wasemanzini wase-US (phinda), Mongameli World BEYOND War

UNoam Chomsky, uNjingalwazi ophumelele uLwimi, uAgnese Nelms Haury Sihlalo, iYunivesithi yaseArizona / uNjingalwazi uEmeritus Massachusetts Institute of Technology

UCynthia Enloe, uNjingalwazi woPhando, iYunivesithi yaseClark

Ipolisi yangaphandle, Inc.

UJoseph Gerson, uMongameli, uMkhankaso woXolo, ukuKhubazeka kunye noKhuseleko oluQhelekileyo

UDavid C. Hendrickson, eColorado College

UMatthew Hoh, uMntu oPhezulu oPhezulu, iZiko loMgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe

Umanyano lweGuahan loxolo kunye nobulungisa

Kyle Kajihiro, Uxolo kunye nobulungisa eHawaiʻi

UGwyn Kirk, Abafazi boKhuseleko lwangempela

MG Dennis Laich, Umkhosi wase-US, Umhlala-phantsi

UJohn Lindsay-Poland, Yamisa izixhobo zaseMelika kuMlungelelanisi weProjekthi eMexico, uMtshintshiselwano ngeHlabathi; umbhali, Amakhosi kwiJungle: Imbali efihlakeleyo yaseMelika ePanama

UCatherine Lutz, uThomas J. Watson, Omnci. UNjingalwazi wosapho kwi-Anthropology kunye neziFundo zaMazwe ngaMazwe, iZiko laseWatson leMicimbi yaMazwe ngaMazwe kunye noLuntu kunye neSebe le-Anthropology, kwiDyunivesithi yaseBrown.

Khury Petersen-Smith, IZiko leZifundo zoMgaqo-nkqubo

UDel Spurlock, Owayesakuba nguMcebisi Jikelele kunye no-Nobhala Wezomkhosi wase-US Wezamandla Nabasebenzi

UDavid Swanson, uMlawuli oLawulayo, World BEYOND War

UDavid Vine, iNjingalwazi, iSebe le-Anthropology, i-American University

UStephen Wertheim, iQuincy Institute yoXanduva lwe-Statecraft kunye neZiko laseSaltzman leMfazwe kunye neziFundo zoXolo, kwiYunivesithi yaseColumbia

UColonel Ann Wright, Umkhosi wase-US uthathe umhlala-phantsi kunye nowayesakuba ngunobhala wase-US

Endnotes

[1] UDavid Vine, "Uluhlu lweeMelika zaseMelika ezikwelinye ilizwe," i-2017, iYunivesithi yaseMelika, http://dx.doi.org/10.17606/M6H599; UDavid Vine, Isizwe soLwazi: Indlela i-US Bas Bas Military External Harm America and World (Metropolitan, 2015). Amanqaku ngakumbi kunye namanani malunga neziseko zase-US phesheya ziyafumaneka www.overseasbases.net/ingen-sheet.html.Imibuzo, ulwazi ngakumbi: OBRACC2018@gmail.com / www.overseasbases.net.

[2] Olunye lwezifundo ezinqabileyo zeCongressal of US kunye nobukho phesheya kwezilwandle zibonise ukuba "nje ukuba isiseko saseMelika phesheya kwezilwandle simiselwe, sithatha ubomi saso…. Imishini yoqobo isenokuphelelwa lixesha, kodwa imisebenzi emitsha iyaphuhliswa, kungekuphela ngenjongo yokugcina indawo iqhubeka, kodwa rhoqo ukuyandisa. Indlu yeeNgwevu yase-United States, "Izivumelwano zoKhuseleko zase-United States kunye nokuzibophelela phesheya," Ukuxoxwa phambi kweKomitana yeNdlu yeeNgwevu yezivumelwano zoKhuseleko eMelika kunye nokuzibophelela phesheya kweKomiti yezoBudlelwane baNgaphandle, Inkongolo yamashumi asithoba ananye, Vol. 2, 2417. Uphando lwamva nje luqinisekisile oku kufunyanisiweyo. Umz., UJohn Glaser, "Ukurhoxa kwiiBhasari zaMazwe ngaMazwe: Kutheni le nto ukuThunyelwa eMkhosini kuFuneka kungafuneki, kuphelelwe lixesha, kwaye kuyingozi," Uhlalutyo loMgaqo-nkqubo 816, iZiko leCATO, ngoJulayi 18, 2017; UChalmers Johnson, Iintlungu zoBukumkani: iMilitarism, Secrecy, kunye nokuphela kweRiphabliki (ENew York: iMetropolitan, i-2004); Umdiliya, Isizwe soLwazi.

[3] UNick Turse, "Umkhosi waseMelika uthi Une 'Khanya ngokuKhanya' e-Afrika. La maxwebhu abonisa iNethiwekhi eNkulu yeZiseko, ” Ukuthintela, Disemba 1, 2018,https://theintercept.com/2018/12/01/u-s-military-says-it-has-a-light-footprint-in-africa-these-documents-show-a-vast-network-of-bases/; UStephanie Savell kunye ne-5W infographics, "Le Mephu ibonisa apho eMhlabeni uMkhosi wase-United States Ulwa Nobunqolobi," Imagazini ye-Smithsonian, Ja nuwari 2019, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/map-shows-places-world-where-us-military-operates-180970997/; UNick Turse, "Umlo oLwela iMfazwe e-Afrika ngokufihlakeleyo Amaxwebhu oMkhosi wase-US Atyhila iQela lamaZiko aseMelika oMkhosi kweli lizwekazi liphela," I-TomDispatch.com, Epreli 27, 2017, http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/176272/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_the_u.s._military_moves_deeper_into_africa/.

[4] Afghanistan, Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, Yemen, Iraq, Libya, Uganda, South Sudan, Burkina Faso, Chad, Niger, Central African Republic, Syria, Kenya, Cameroon, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, IDemocratic Republic. weCongo, Saudi Arabia, kunye neTunisia. Jonga iSavell kunye ne5W Infographics; UNick Turse kunye noSean D. Naylor, "Kutyhilwe: Umsebenzi wamaKhosi angama-36 wase-US e-Afrika," Iindaba ze-Yahoo, Epreli 17, 2019, https://news.yahoo.com/revealed-the-us-militarys-36-codenamed-operations-in-africa-090000841.html.

[5] UNick Turse, “iiBhasari, iiBhasari, nakuyo yonke indawo… Ngaphandle kweNgxelo yePentagon,” I-TomDispatch.com, NgoJanuwari 8, 2019, http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/176513/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_one_down%2C_who_knows_how_many_to_go/#more; Umdiliya, Isiseko seLizwe, I-3-5; Umdiliya, "Uluhlu lweeMikhosi zaseMelika phesheya."

[6] UDavid Vine, iYunivesithi yaseMelika, uqikelelo lweendleko zesiseko se-OBRACC, umdiliya@american.edu, kuhlaziywa ukubalwa eVini, Isiseko seLizwe, 195-214.