Olu dliwano-ndlebe lulandelayo luprintwe kwakhona ngemvume evela kwiNgqondo Ebuzayo: I-Semiannual Journal of the Vipassana Community, Vol. 30, No. 2 (Spring 2014). © 2014 ngokubuza Ingqondo.
Siyakukhuthaza ukuba u-odole ikopi ye-Inquiring Mind's Spring 2014 umba "weMfazwe noXolo", ophonononga ingqondo kunye nomkhosi, ukungabi nabundlobongela, kunye nemixholo ehambelanayo kwimbono yamaBhuda. Imiba yesampulu kunye nemirhumo inikezelwa kwi-pay-what-you-------------isiseko sokuhlawula www.inquiringmind.com. Nceda uxhase umsebenzi weNgqondo yokubuza!
I-KARMA YOKUPHILA:
UDLIWANO-NDLEBE NO-ANN WRIGHT
Emva kweminyaka emininzi esemkhosini wase-US elandelwa yiNkonzo yaNgaphandle, uAnn Wright ngoku ulitshantliziyo loxolo ekuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba arhoxe kwiSebe leLizwe lase-US kwaphenjelelwa ziimfundiso zamaBhuda. Ulilizwi elikhethekileyo kwimiba yemfazwe noxolo. UWright usebenze iminyaka elishumi elinesithathu kuMkhosi wase-US kunye neminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu kuMkhosi woLondolozo loMkhosi, wenyuka waya kwinqanaba lekholoneli. Emva komkhosi, usebenze iminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu kwiSebe likaRhulumente kumazwe asuka e-Uzbekistan ukuya eGrenada nanjengeSekela leNtloko yeMishini (uSekela-nozakuzaku) kwiofisi yozakuzo yase-US e-Afghanistan, eSierra Leone, eMicronesia naseMongolia. NgoMatshi ka-2003 wayengomnye wabasebenzi abathathu bakarhulumente, onke amagosa eSebe likaRhulumente, arhoxayo ngenxa yoqhanqalazo oluchasene nemfazwe yase-Iraq. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, uWright uthethe ngenkalipho ngemiba eyahlukeneyo ebandakanya amandla enyukliya kunye nezixhobo, iGaza, intuthumbo, ukuvalelwa okungapheliyo, iNtolongo yaseGuantanamo kunye needrones zababulali. Ubutshantliziyo bukaWright, kuquka iintetho, ukhenketho lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokungathobeli kwabantu, kube namandla athile kumbutho woxolo. Amatsha ntliziyo axhaswa bubugqwetha bakhe angatsho, njengoko ebeka, “Nanku umntu ochithe iminyaka emininzi yobomi bakhe emkhosini nakwibutho lezozakuzo kwaye ngoku uzimisele ukuthetha ngoxolo kwaye acele umngeni kwingqiqo ekufuneka iMelika ibe nayo. imfazwe ukuze ibe ligunya elibalaseleyo ehlabathini.”
UWright usebenza nemibutho efana neVeterans for Peace, Code Pink: Women for Peace, kunye nesenzo soXolo. Kodwa ukuzoba kwimvelaphi yakhe emkhosini nakumbutho wozakuzo wase-US, uthetha njengelizwi elizimeleyo.
Abahleli beNgqondo Ukubuza u-Alan Senauke noBarbara Gates badlan' indlebe noAnn Wright ngeSkype ngoNovemba ka-2013.
IMIBUZO YOKUBUZA: Ukurhoxa kwakho kwiSebe leLizwe lase-US ngo-2003 ngokuchasene neMfazwe yase-Iraq kwangqamana nokuqalisa kwakho ukufunda ngeBuddhism. Khawusichazele ngendlela owaba nomdla ngayo kubuBhuda kunye nendlela ufundo lobuBhuda oluyiphembelele ngayo indlela ocinga ngayo.
U-ANN WRIGHT: Ngexesha lokurhoxa kwam ndandinguSekela Mlawuli woBugcisa kuMzi wozakuzo wase-US eMongolia. Ndandisele ndiqalisile ukufunda imibhalo yamaBhuda ukuze ndiqonde ngcono iziseko zokomoya zabantu baseMongolia. Ukufika kwam eMongolia, kwakusele kuyiminyaka elishumi eli lizwe laphuma kummandla weSoviet. AmaBhuda
babesomba izinto ezazingcwatywe ziintsapho zabo kumashumi eminyaka ngaphambili xa iiSoviet Union zatshabalalisa iitempile zamaBhuda.
Ngaphambi kokuba ndifike eMongolia ndandingazange ndiqonde ukuba ubuBhuda babuyinxalenye yobomi belizwe ngaphambi kokuba iSoviet ithabathe intambo ngowe-1917. Ngaphambi kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ukutshintshiselana kweengcamango zamaBhuda phakathi kweMongolia neTibet kwakukhulu; eneneni, igama elithi Dalai Lama libinzana lesiMongolia elithetha “Ulwandle Lobulumko.”
Ngoxa inkoliso yama<em>lama noonongendi yabulawa ebudeni bexesha leSoviet, kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu ukususela oko iSoviet Union yayeka ukulibamba elo lizwe, abemi abaninzi baseMongolia babefunda ngonqulo olwalelweyo kudala; iitempile ezintsha kunye nezikolo zamaBhuda ezinamandla kunye nezikolo zobugcisa zasekwa.
I-Ulan Bator, isixeko esilikomkhulu nendawo endandihlala kuyo, yayiyenye yamaziko amayeza aseTibet. Nanini na ndinengqele okanye umkhuhlane ndandisiya kwikhemesti yasetempileni ndiyokubona ukuba oogqirha balapho banokuncomela ntoni, yaye kwiincoko zam neemonki kunye nabemi baseMongolia ababencedisa ekuqhubeni ikhemesti, ndafunda ngeenkalo ezahlukeneyo zobuBhuda. Kwakhona ndathabatha iklasi yangokuhlwa yobuBhuda ndaza ndenza ufundo olucetyiswayo. Mhlawumbi ayimangalisi into eninzi yamaBhuda, kwakubonakala ngathi ngalo lonke ixesha ndivula incwadana kuthotho lwezifundo, kuya kubakho into enje, owu, nkosi yam, hayi indlela engakholeleki ngayo ukuba olu fundo luthetha nam.
IM: Zeziphi iimfundiso ezathetha nawe?
AW: Amaphecana ahlukeneyo kaBuddha ayenokubaluleka okukhulu kum ngexesha lengxoxo yam yangaphakathi malunga nendlela yokusingatha ukungavumelani kwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nolawulo lukaBush. Olunye ugqabaza lwandikhumbuza ukuba zonke izenzo zinemiphumo, yokuba izizwe, njengabantu ngabanye, ekugqibeleni ziphenduliswa ngezenzo zazo.
Ngokukodwa, amazwi ka-Dalai Lama kaSeptemba 2002 "kwiSikhumbuzo soMbhiyozo wokuQala we-11 Septemba 2001" yayibalulekile kwiingxoxo zam nge-Iraq kwaye ibaluleke ngakumbi kwindlela yethu kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yoBunqolobi. I-Dalai Lama yathi, “Iingxwabangxwaba aziveli ngaphandle. Zenzeka ngenxa yezizathu neemeko, uninzi lwazo ezingaphakathi kolawulo lwabachasi. Kulapho ubunkokeli bubalulekile khona. Ubunqolobi abunakoyiswa ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla, kuba abusombululi iingxaki ezisisiseko. Enyanisweni, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla akunakungaphumeleli nje ukucombulula iingxaki, kunokunyusa; ihlala ishiya intshabalalo kunye nokubandezeleka ngaphakathi
ukuvuka kwayo.”
IIM: Wayekhomba kwiimfundiso ngesizathu
AW: Ewe, umba wesizathu-kunye nesiphumo abaphathi bakaBush abangazange bawuvume. I-Dalai Lama ichonge ukuba i-United States kufuneka ijonge izizathu zokuba kutheni u-bin Ladin kunye nenethiwekhi yakhe bezisa ubundlobongela eMelika. Emva kweMfazwe yeGulf I, u-bin Laden waye wabhengeza kwihlabathi ukuba kutheni enomsindo ngeMelika: Iziseko zomkhosi zase-US zashiya eSaudi Arabia "kumhlaba ongcwele wamaSilamsi" kunye nokuthambekela kwe-US kuSirayeli kungquzulwano lwe-Israel-Palestine.
Ezi zizizathu ezingekavunywa ngurhulumente wase-US njengezizathu zokuba kutheni abantu beqhubeka belimaza abantu baseMelika kunye "nemidla yase-US." Yindawo eyimfama kwindawo
Urhulumente waseMelika ujonge kwihlabathi, kwaye ngelishwa ndoyika ukuba yindawo engaboniyo kwingqondo yabantu abaninzi baseMelika ukuba asiyiqondi into eyenziwa ngurhulumente wethu ebangela umsindo onje kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ibangele ukuba abanye abantu bathathe ubundlobongela kwaye babulale. inyathelo ngokuchasene namaMelika.
Ndiyakholelwa ukuba iMelika kwafuneka iphendule ngandlela ithile kwiindlela ezinobundlobongela ezisetyenziswa yi-al-Qaeda. Ukutshatyalaliswa kweWorld Trade Towers, inxalenye yePentagon, ukuqhunyiswa kwebhombu ye-USS Cole, ukuqhushumba kwe-ambassade ezimbini zase-US eMpuma Afrika, kunye nokuqhunyiswa kwe-US Air Force Kobar Towers eSaudi Arabia ayikwazanga ukuhamba ngaphandle kwempendulo. Oko kuthethiweyo, de i-US ivume ngokwenene ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yaseMelika- ngakumbi uhlaselo kunye nokuhlaliswa kwamazwe-kubangela umsindo emhlabeni, kwaye itshintshe indlela yokunxibelelana kwihlabathi, ndiyoyika ukuba sikwixesha elide. yempindezelo ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi elinesibini esiye sabandezeleka kuyo.
I-IM: Njengelungu lomkhosi oxhobileyo kwaye njengonozakuzaku kwaye ngoku ungummi obandakanyekayo kwezopolitiko, ubonise ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba ngamanye amaxesha kufanelekile ukusebenzisa umkhosi. Kunini apho?
AW: Ndicinga ukuba kukho iimeko ezithile apho umkhosi womkhosi unokuba yindlela yodwa yokuyeka ubundlobongela. Ngowe-1994 ngexesha lembubhiso yaseRwanda, kwabulawa abantu abamalunga nesigidi ngonyaka omnye kumlo owawuphakathi kwamaTutsi namaHutu. Ngokombono wam, umkhosi omncinci kakhulu wawunokungena kwaye unokunqanda ukubulawa kwabantu ngesabile yamakhulu amawaka. Umongameli uClinton uthe ukuzisola kwakhe njengomongameli kwakungangeneleli ukusindisa ubomi eRwanda kwaye oku kusilela kubi kuya kumkhathaza ubomi bakhe bonke.
IM: Ngaba wawungekho umkhosi weZizwe eziManyeneyo eRwanda?
AW: Ewe, kwakukho umkhosi omncinci weZizwe eziManyeneyo eRwanda. Enyanisweni, injengele yaseKhanada eyayiphethe loo mkhosi yacela imvume kwiBhunga Lokhuseleko leZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ukuba isebenzise izigalo ukuphelisa le mbubhiso kodwa ayizange ivume. Unoxinzelelo lwasemva kokwenzakala kwaye uzame ukuzibulala ngenxa yokuzisola kuba engakhange aqhubele phambili nokwenza isigqibo, esebenzisa loo mandla mancinane ukuzama kwasekuqaleni ukunqanda le ndyikitya yokufa. Ngoku uvakalelwa kukuba ngewayeqhubekile wasebenzisa umkhosi wakhe omncinci wamajoni emva koko wajongana neziphumo zokugxothwa yi-UN ngokungalandeli imiyalelo. Ungumxhasi owomeleleyo weNethiwekhi yokuNgenelela kweGenocide.
Ndisaziva ukuba umhlaba ungcono xa izenzo ezingekho mthethweni, ezikhohlakeleyo ngokuchasene nabemi ziye zanqunyanyiswa, kwaye ngokubanzi, eyona ndlela ikhawulezayo, eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuphelisa ezi zenzo zikhohlakeleyo kukusebenza ngomkhosi-imisebenzi ethi ngelishwa nayo inokukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nobomi ekuhlaleni. uluntu lwasekuhlaleni.
IM: Ukusukela ekurhoxeni kwakho kwiSebe likaRhulumente ngokuchasene neMfazwe yase-Iraq, njengommi onoxanduva kwaye ngamanye amaxesha onomsindo, ubuhamba kwihlabathi lonke uvakalisa izimvo zakho njengomgxeki wemigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo kwimiba eyahlukeneyo yamazwe ngamazwe, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweedrones zokubulala.
Ukususela kumbono wokuzibophezela kwamaBuddha kwiNtshukumo eLungileyo, ekuqondeni, kunye nokuziva uxanduva, imiphumo yezenzo zomntu, ukusetyenziswa kweedrones kubaluleke kakhulu.
AW: Umba weedrones ezibulalayo uye wagxila kakhulu kumsebenzi wam kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo. Ndenze uhambo oluya ePakistan, e-Afghanistan naseYemen ndithetha neentsapho zamaxhoba ogwayimbo lwe-drone kwaye ndithetha ngeenkxalabo zam kumgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle wase-US. Kubalulekile ukuya kula mazwe ukwazisa abemi bakhona ukuba kukho izigidi zabantu baseMelika abangavumelani ngokupheleleyo noLawulo luka-Obama malunga nokusetyenziswa kweedrones ezibulala abantu.
I-US ngoku inamandla okuba umntu okwi-Creech Air Force Base e-Nevada ahlale kwisitulo esitofotofo kwaye, ngokuchukumisa ikhompyuter, abulale abantu kwisiqingatha sehlabathi. Abantwana abancinci bafunda itekhnoloji yokubulala ukusukela xa beneminyaka emine okanye emihlanu ubudala. Imidlalo yekhompyuter ifundisa uluntu ukuba lubulale kwaye lukhuseleke kwiimpembelelo ezingokweemvakalelo nezomoya zokubulala okulawulwa kude. Abantu abakwiscreen abangobantu, imidlalo yethu yekhompyuter ithi.
Rhoqo ngoLwesibini, owaziwa eWashington njenge "Terror Tuesday," umongameli ufumana uluhlu lwabantu, ngokubanzi kumazwe apho i-US ENGEKHO emfazweni, apho i-arhente yezobuntlola ezilishumi elinesixhenxe zase-United States zichonge zenze into ngokuchasene ne-United States. Amazwe ekufuneka afele ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokugweba. Umongameli ujonga amabali amafutshane achaza into eyenziwe ngumntu ngamnye aze enze uphawu ecaleni kwegama lomntu ngamnye agqibe ekubeni abulawe ngokungekho mthethweni.
AyingoGeorge Bush, kodwa u-Barack Obama, igqwetha lomgaqo-siseko, othe njengoMongameli wase-United States uthathe indima yomtshutshisi, ijaji kunye nomgwebi-ingqikelelo yamagunya engekho mthethweni, ngokoluvo lwam. Abantu baseMelika, njengoluntu, bacinga ukuba silungile kwaye sinesisa kwaye siyawahlonipha amalungelo abantu. Ukanti sivumela urhulumente wethu ukuba asebenzise olu hlobo lobuchwephesha bokubulala ukutshabalalisa abantu kwisiqingatha sehlabathi. Kungenxa yoko le nto ndiye ndaziva ndinyanzelekile ukuba ndizame ukufundisa abantu abangakumbi eUnited States nakweminye imimandla yehlabathi ngoko kuqhubeka, kuba ngokuqinisekileyo ubugcisa buhamba kwilizwe ngelizwe. Angaphezulu kwamashumi asibhozo amazwe ngoku anohlobo oluthile lwenqwelomoya yasemkhosini. Uninzi lwazo alukabikho izixhobo okwangoku. Kodwa linyathelo nje elilandelayo lokubeka izixhobo kwiidrones zabo kwaye mhlawumbi bazisebenzise kwilizwe labo kunye nabasetyhini njengoko i-United States yenze. I-United States ibulale abemi abane baseMelika ababeseYemen.
I-IM: Emva koko kukho i-blowback, indlela obu buchwepheshe, obufikeleleka ngayo kuye wonke umntu, bunokusetyenziswa ngokulula ngokuchasene nathi ngabanye. Lo ngunobangela nesiphumo. Okanye ungayibiza ngokuba yi-karma.
AW: Ewe, umba wonke wekarma yenye yezinto eziye zandikhuthaza. Okuza kwajikelele kubuya kwajikelele. Le nto siyenzela ihlabathi, thina baseMelika, ibuyela kuthi. Ufundo lwamaBhuda endalufunda ngoxa ndandiseMongolia ngokuqinisekileyo lwandinceda ndakubona oku.
Kwiintetho ezininzi endizinikelayo, omnye wemibuzo endiyibuzayo kubaphulaphuli ngothi, “Kutheni na kunithabatha ithuba elide kangaka ukuba nirhoxe kwiSebe likaRhulumente?” Ndichithe phantse yonke
ubomi bam bobudala buyinxalenye yaloo nkqubo kwaye ndilinganisela oko ndikwenzileyo kurhulumente. Andizange ndivumelane nayo yonke imigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo lukamongameli olusibhozo endisebenza phantsi kwalo kwaye ndibambe impumlo yam kuninzi lwazo. Ndafumana iindlela zokusebenza kwiindawo apho ndandingaziva ngathi ndenzakalisa mntu. Kodwa eyona nto yayibalulekile kukuba, ndandiseyinxalenye yenkqubo eyayisenza izinto ezimbi ebantwini ehlabathini lonke. Kodwa ke andizange ndibe naso isibindi sokutsho, “Ndiza kurhoxa kuba andivumelani noninzi lwale migaqo-nkqubo.” Xa ujonga ngenene ukuba bangaphi abantu abakhe barhoxa kurhulumente wethu, bambalwa kakhulu—kuphela abathathu kuthi abaye barhoxa ngenxa yeMfazwe yase-Iraq, kunye nabanye abaye barhoxa ngenxa yeMfazwe yaseVietnam kunye nengxaki yaseBalkan. Andizange ndicinge ukuba ukufunda kwam kubuBhuda, ngakumbi kwikarma, ngekwabanempembelelo enjalo ekwenzeni isigqibo sam sokurhoxa kwaza kwandikhokelela ekubeni ndithethelele uxolo nobulungisa ehlabathini.
IIM: Enkosi. Kubalulekile ukuba abantu balwazi uhambo lwakho. Abantu abaninzi beza kubuBhuda njengoko besilwa nokubandezeleka ebomini babo. Kodwa ezi mfundiso zathetha nawe kwindawo edibana ngqo nobomi bakho kunye nemiba engxamisekileyo yoluntu. Kwaye ushukunyiselwe ngaphaya kokucamngca ukwenza. Eso sisifundo esibalulekileyo kuthi.
Iphinde yashicilelwa ngemvume evela kwiNgqondo ebuzayo: Ijenali yeSemiannual yeVipassana Community, Vol. 30, No. 2 (Spring 2014). © 2014 ngokubuza Ingqondo. www.inquiringmind.com.
