UJohan Galtung (1930-2024) wayelilungu leBhodi yeeNgcebiso ze World BEYOND War.
Uvela eNorway kwaye uhlala eSpain. UJohan Galtung, dr, dr hc mult, unjingalwazi wezifundo zoxolo, wazalwa ngo-1930 e-Oslo, eNorway. Uyingcali yezibalo, inzululwazi yezentlalo, inzululwazi yezopolitiko kunye nomseki woqeqesho lwezifundo zoxolo. Waseka i-International Peace Research Institute, i-Oslo (1959), iziko lokuqala lophando lwezemfundo ligxile kwizifundo zoxolo, kunye nefuthe Umbhalo woPhando loPhando (1964). Uye wanceda ekufumaneni inkitha yamanye amaziko oxolo ehlabathini lonke. Usebenze njengonjingalwazi kwizifundo zoxolo kwiiyunivesithi kwihlabathi liphela, kubandakanya iColumbia (eNew York), i-Oslo, iBerlin, iBelgrade, iParis, iSantiago de Chile, iBuenos Aires, iCairo, iSichuan, iRitsumeikan (eJapan), iPrinceton, iHawaii 'i, Tromsoe, Bern, Alicante (eSpain) kunye nabanye abaninzi kuwo onke amazwekazi. Uye wafundisa amawaka abantu ngabanye waza wabakhuthaza ukuba bahlulele ubomi babo ekukhuthazeni uxolo nokwaneliseka kweentswelo ezisisiseko zoluntu. Uye waba ngumlamli kwiingxabano ze-150 phakathi kwamazwe, izizwe, iinkolo, impucuko, uluntu, kunye nabantu ukususela ngo-1957. vs. uxolo oluhle, imfundo yoxolo kunye nobuntatheli boxolo. Ugxininiso olulodwa lukaProf. Galtung kuphononongo lwempixano noxolo luvela kwindibaniselwano yophando lwenzululwazi olucwangcisiweyo kunye nemigaqo yokuziphatha yaseGandhi yeendlela zoxolo nemvisiswano.
UJohan Galtung uye waqhuba uphando oluninzi kwiinkalo ezininzi kwaye wenza igalelo lokuqala kungekhona nje kwizifundo zoxolo kodwa, phakathi kwabanye, amalungelo oluntu, iimfuno ezisisiseko, izicwangciso zophuhliso, uqoqosho lwehlabathi olugcina ubomi, i-macro-history, ithiyori yempucuko. , federalism, globalization, theory of discourse, pathologies social, inkcubeko enzulu, uxolo kunye neenkolo, indlela yesayensi yezentlalo, i-sociology, i-ecology, izifundo zexesha elizayo.
Ungumbhali okanye omnye umbhali weencwadi ezingaphezu kwe-170 ngoxolo nangemiba enxulumene noko, 96 njengombhali yedwa. Ngaphezu kwe-40 ziye zaguqulelwa kwezinye iilwimi, kuquka Iminyaka ye-50-I-100 yoxolo kunye neengxabano zengxabano papashwa ngu TRANSCEND Press Yunivesithi. Dlulisa kwaye uGuqule yaguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezingama-25. Upapashe amanqaku angaphezu kwe-1700 kunye nezahluko zencwadi kwaye wabhala ngaphezulu kwama-500 abahleli beveki TSHINTSHA iNkonzo yeMedia-TMS, ebonisa ubuntatheli boxolo obujolise kwizisombululo.
Ezinye zeencwadi zakhe: Uxolo Ngeendlela Zoxolo (1996) Macrohistory kunye Macrohistorians (kunye noSohail Inayatullah, 1997), INguqu yeNgqungquthela Ngeendlela zoXolo (1998) Johan uten umhlaba (i-autobiography, 2000), Dlulisa kunye noGuqulo: Intshayelelo yoMsebenzi woQhushululu (2004, ngeelwimi ezingama-25), Iminyaka engama-50 – i-100 leeNdlela zoXolo kunye neeNgxwabangxwaba (2008) Idemokhrasi – uXolo – uPhuhliso (kunye noPaul Scott, 2008), Iminyaka engama-50 – iiNdawo zoBukrelekrele ezingama-25 ezijongiwe (2008) Ukukholelwa kuThixo (kunye noGraeme MacQueen, 2008), Ukuwa koBukhosi baseMelika-kwaye emva koko yintoni (2009), iShishini loXolo (kunye noJack Santa Barbara kunye noFred Dubee, ngo-2009), Inkcazo-bungcali yongquzulwano (2010) Ithiyori yoPhuhliso (2010) Ukunika ingxelo ngeNgxwabangxwaba: Imikhomba-ndlela emitsha kwiJournalism yoXolo (kunye noJake Lynch kunye no-Annabel McGoldrick, ngo-2010), EKorea: Iindlela ezijijekileyo eziya kuManyano (kunye noJae-Bong Lee, 2011), Ukubuyisana (kunye noJoanna Santa Barbara kunye noDiane Perlman, ngo-2012), iMathematika yoXolo (kunye noDietrich Fischer, 2012), Uxolo Lwezoqoqosho (2012) Ithiyori yempucuko (izayo 2013), kwaye Ithiyori yoXolo (ezayo 2013).
Ngo-2008 waseka i- TRANSCEND Press Yunivesithi kwaye ungumseki (ngo-2000) kunye nomphathi we TRANSCEND University University, iYunivesithi yokuqala ye-Intanethi yeZifundo zoXolo kwi-Intanethi. Ukwangumseki nomlawuli we ITRANSCEND yamanye amazwe, uthungelwano lwehlabathi jikelele olungenzi ngeniso loXolo, uPhuhliso nokusiNgqongileyo, olwasekwa ngowe-1993, olunamalungu angaphezu kwama-500 kumazwe angaphezu kwama-70 ehlabathini lonke. Njengobungqina belifa lakhe, izifundo zoxolo ngoku zifundiswa kwaye ziphandwa kwiidyunivesithi kwihlabathi liphela kwaye zinegalelo kwimizamo yokudala uxolo kwiingxwabangxwaba kwihlabathi liphela.
Wavalelwa iinyanga ezintandathu eNorway xa wayeneminyaka engama-24 ubudala njengongafuni ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yesazela sakhe, emva kokuba echithe iinyanga ezili-12 ekwinkonzo yasemkhosini, kwangaxeshanye nabo basemkhosini. Wavuma ukukhonza iinyanga ezi-6 ezongezelelekileyo ukuba wayenokusebenzela uxolo, kodwa oko kwaliwa. Entolongweni wabhala incwadi yakhe yokuqala, iGandhi's Political Ethics, kunye nomcebisi wakhe, uArne Naess.
Njengomamkeli ongaphezulu kweshumi elinesibini leziqu zobugqirha ezihloniphekileyo kunye nobuprofesa kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezahlukileyo, kubandakanya iMbasa yeLungelo lokuPhila (ekwaziwa ngokuba yiAlternative Nobel Peace Prize), uJohan Galtung uhlala ezinikele ekufundeni nasekukhuthazeni uxolo.
