Izifundiswa zaseJapan zithi hayi kuphando lomkhosi. Nceda ubhalise ileta yabo!

Ukususela ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, izifundiswa zaseJapan ziye zalugatya uphando lwasemkhosini. Oku kuvisisana nemigaqo yoxolo yoMgaqo-siseko waseJapan, apho iGatya lesi-9 lizikhaba ngawo omane zombini iimfazwe njengelungelo elizimeleyo lesizwe kunye nokugcinwa kwemikhosi yomkhosi enokusetyenziselwa injongo yemfazwe. Noko ke, mvanje, iSebe Lezokhuselo laseJapan belizimisele ukubandakanya izifundiswa kuphando oludibeneyo nokuxhasa izazinzulu ngemali ukuze ziphuhlise ubugcisa obusebenzisa kabini obunokusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zomkhosi. Umkhwa onjalo uphazamisana nenkululeko yemfundo kunye nezifungo zezazinzulu zaseJapan zokungathabathi nxaxheba kulo naluphi na uphando olubotshelelwe emfazweni kwakhona. Injongo yeli phulo le-intanethi kukunceda izazinzulu kunye nabanye abantu bawuqonde lo mba ukuze bahlanganyele nathi ekuyekiseni uphando oluhlangeneyo lwezomkhosi. Enkosi ngokundwendwela iwebhusayithi yethu, kwaye samkela ngokunyanisekileyo iisiginitsha zakho ukwamkela isibheno sethu.

ISIBHENO NGOPHANDO LOMkhosi KWI-ACADEMIA

Uphando lwezomkhosi lubandakanya uphuhliso lwezixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe obunokusetyenziswa njengezixhobo zomkhosi kunye nophando lobuchule lokufumana ukongama komkhosi, ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo nangokungathanga ngqo kwimfazwe. Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, izazinzulu ezininzi eJapan zazibandakanyeke kuphando lwasemkhosini ukusa kumlinganiselo omkhulu okanye omncinane yaye zinenxaxheba kwimfazwe yogonyamelo. Abafundi beeKholeji babizelwa emkhosini ngokuchasene nentando yabo, kwaye uninzi lwabo lwaphulukana nobomi babo obuncinci. La mava ayeyimibandela eyayizisola ngokunzulu kwizazinzulu ezininzi ngelo xesha. Kungekudala emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, izazinzulu zenza izifungo zokukhuthaza inzululwazi ngoxolo, kungekhona imfazwe. Ngokomzekelo, iBhunga lezeNzululwazi laseJapan, elimele ngokusemthethweni intando yezazinzulu zaseJapan, lenza izigqibo zokuvala uphando ngomkhosi ngowe-1949 laza lasihlaziya esi sibophelelo ngowe-1950 nangowe-1967. kunye nabafundi ukuseka izibhengezo zabo zoxolo kwiiyunivesithi nakumaziko ophando esizwe. Izibhengezo zoxolo zagqitywa ekugqibeleni kwiiyunivesithi ezintlanu (iYunivesithi yase-Otaru yoRhwebo, iYunivesithi yaseNagoya, iYunivesithi yaseYamanashi, iYunivesithi yase-Ibaraki kunye neYunivesithi yaseNiigata) kunye nakumaziko ophando elizwe le-19 kwi-1980s.

Ngokukodwa phantsi kolawulo lwe-hawkish Abe, umgaqo woxolo woMgaqo-siseko waseJapan uye waphulwa kakhulu. Umzekelo, nangona ukuthunyelwa kwezixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe obunxulumeneyo kudala buthintelwe ngokungqongqo, abaphathi be-Abe basusa esi sithintelo ngo-2014. Urhulumente waseJapan kunye namashishini ahlukeneyo baye bakhuthaza uphando oluhlangeneyo lwezomkhosi kunye nemfundo yokwenziwa kobuchwephesha bokusetyenziswa kabini. Lilonke, ukususela 2014, ngaphezu 20 iiprojekthi zophando ezidibeneyo ziye zaqalwa ukususela ekuqaleni 2000 phakathi Technical Research and Development Institute, Ministry of Defense, kunye nezemfundo. Ulawulo lwe-Abe luphumeze iziKhokelo zeNkqubo yoKhuselo yeSizwe ye-FY2014 nangaphaya kweyoMnga yowama-2013 ukuqhubela phambili ukuphuhlisa ubugcisa obusebenzisa kabini ngokuxhasa ngemali iiprojekthi zophando eziza kuqhutywa kwiidyunivesithi nakumaziko ophando. Olu tyekelo lufanele lujongwe njengohlaselo lukarhulumente nxamnye nezifungo zezazinzulu zokungabi nanxaxheba kuphando lwasemkhosini kwakhona emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II.

Kuyinto engenakuphepheka ukuba impumelelo yophando oluxhaswa ngumkhosi ayiyi kuvulelwa uluntu ngaphandle kwemvume yomkhosi. UMthetho wokuKhuselwa kweeMfihlo eziKhethekileyo, owanyanzeliswa ngokuTyelwa kwe-2013 waza waqala ukusebenza ngo-2014, uya kuqinisa ulawulo lwezemfundo ngumkhosi kunye namandla karhulumente. Ukongeza, izazinzulu ezithetha ngophando lwazo ngoku zinokutyholwa ngokukhupha ulwazi oluyimfihlo ngenxa yalo mthetho mtsha.

Zithini iziphumo zophando oluhlangeneyo lwezifundo zomkhosi? Kucacile ukuba inkululeko yokufunda iya kunyhashwa kanobom. Omnye kufuneka abhekisele kuphela kwimeko yase-United States, apho i-complex yezomkhosi-yemizi-mveliso-yezemfundo sele imiselwe ngokuqinileyo. Ukongeza, ilungelo kunye nesazela sabafundi abaphumelele izidanga kunye nezazela ziya kunyhashwa ngokunyanzelwa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kuphando oluhlangeneyo lwemfundo yasemkhosini kwinkqubo yabo yemfundo yaseyunivesithi, kwaye banikwe ukuswela kwabo amava, banokumkelwa ngaphandle kokugxekwa. Ngaba kusesikweni ukuba oonjingalwazi kunye nomgaqo-nzululwazi babandakanye abafundi babo kuphando oluhlangeneyo lwemfundo yasemkhosini? Olo phando lunxibelelene nemfazwe, intshabalalo nokubulala, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo luya kuphumela kwintshabalalo yemfundo ephakamileyo.

Iidyunivesiti kufuneka zijongane nezinto ezixabisekileyo kwihlabathi liphela, ezinjengophuhliso lwedemokhrasi, intlalontle yabantu, ukuthotywa kwezixhobo zenyukliya, ukupheliswa kobuhlwempu, nokuphunyezwa kwehlabathi elinoxolo nelizinzileyo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe imisebenzi enjalo, iiyunivesithi, kuquka iiyunivesithi zelizwe, ngokuqinisekileyo, zifanele zizimele geqe kulo naliphi na igunya likarhulumente okanye lezobupolitika negunya, yaye zifanele ziphumeze injongo yemfundo yabantu ukukhuthaza abafundi ukuba banqwenele inyaniso noxolo.

Sinoxanduva lokwala ukuthatha inxaxheba emfazweni ngokusebenzisa uphando oluhlangeneyo lwezomkhosi-zemfundo. Olo phando aluhambelani nemigaqo yemfundo ephakamileyo nophuhliso lwenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe ukwenzela ikamva elingcono. Sixhalatyiswa kukuba uphando oluhlanganyelwe kwiziko lezomkhosi luya kugqwetha inkqubela ephilileyo yenzululwazi, yaye amadoda, amabhinqa nabantwana ngokufanayo baya kuphelelwa yintembelo nokholo lwabo kwinzululwazi. Okwangoku, sikwindlela edibanayo yodumo lwesayensi eJapan.

Sibhenela ngokunyanisekileyo kuwo onke amalungu eedyunivesithi kunye namaziko ophando, kubandakanywa abafundi abangekabinazidanga nabaphumelele izidanga, nakubemi, ukuba bangathabathi nxaxheba kuphando oluhlanganyelweyo nabasebenzi basemkhosini, ukwala inkxaso-mali evela emkhosini, nokuyeka ukufundisa abasebenzi basemkhosini.

abaququzeleli

USatoru Ikeuchi, uNjingalwazi Emeritus weAstrophysics, kwiYunivesithi yaseNagoya,

Shoji Sawada, uNjingalwazi Emeritus weFiziksi, kwiYunivesithi yaseNagoya,

Makoto Ajisaka, uNjingalwazi oPhezulu wePhilosofi, kwiYunivesithi yaseKansai,

UJunji Akai, uNjingalwazi Emeritus weMineralogy, kwiYunivesithi yaseNiigata,

UMminoru Kitamura, uNjingalwazi Emeritus wePhilosofi, iYunivesithi yaseWaseda,

Tatsuyoshi Morita, uNjingalwazi Emeritus weBotany, iYunivesithi yaseNiigata,

UKen Yamazaki, unjingalwazi wePhysiology yokuSebenza, kwiYunivesithi yaseNiigata,

UTeruo Asami, unjingalwazi we-Emeritus weSayensi yoMhlaba, kwiYunivesithi yaseIbaraki,

U-Hikaru Shioya, ubuNjineli boNxibelelwano kunye nobuNjineli bokuthembeka,

UKunio Fukuda, uNjingalwazi oPhezulu weTheory yezoRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe, kwiYunivesithi yaseMeiji,

Kunie Nonaka, uNjingalwazi we-Accoundancy, kwiYunivesithi yaseMeiji,

kunye nezinye izazinzulu ezingama-47.