Umfanekiso ukusuka Mapping Militarism.
NguDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War, Novemba 2, 2021
Amaphulo onyulo lukamongameli wase-US aziwa ngokugxila kwisiqubulo esithi “Luqoqosho, ubudenge.”
Iinzame zokucacisa ukuziphatha kukarhulumente wase-US kufuneka zibeke ingqwalasela ngakumbi kwisilogeni esahlukileyo, esifumaneka kumxholo ongasentla.
Incwadi entsha emnandi ka-Andrew Cockburn, Amaxhoba eMfazwe: Amandla, iNzuzo, kunye noMatshini weMfazwe waseMelika, yakha ityala lokuba umgaqo-nkqubo welizwe langaphandle wase-US uqhutywa ngokuyinhloko ngenzuzo yezixhobo, okwesibini yi-inertia ye-bureaucratic, kwaye encinci ukuba kukho nayiphi na enye into enomdla, ingaba yokukhusela okanye yobuntu, i-sadistic okanye i-insane. Kumabali ajikeleziswa yimithombo yeendaba, ewe, umdla wobuntu ubonakala umkhulu kwaye ishishini lilonke libhalwe "ukhuselo," ngelixa kumbono endiwubambe amashumi eminyaka kwaye ndisayenza, awukwazi ukuyichaza yonke ngenzuzo kunye nolawulo. - kufuneka uphose ububi kunye nokukhanuka amandla. (Nkqu noCockburn ubonakala ebona ukhetho oludumileyo lwe-F35s ngaphezu kwe-A10 njengelungelo lokufumana inzuzo kuphela kodwa nangenxa yokubulala abantu abamsulwa kunye nokwazi okuncinci ngabo. Nkqu noCockburn ucaphula uGeneral LeMay ethembisa ukuhlasela iRashiya ngokusuka kwakhe ngaphandle kwenzuzo. umdla ekudlaleni.) Kodwa eyona nzuzo iphambili kumatshini wokulwa akufunekanga ivulekele iingxoxo. Ubuncinci, ndingathanda ukubona umntu ofunda le ncwadi aze ayiphikise.
Uninzi lwencwadi kaCockburn yabhalwa ngaphambi kweTrump, oko kukuthi ngaphambi kokuba uMongameli wase-US abambe iinkomfa zabezindaba ukuba athethe iindawo ezithuleyo ngokuvakalayo kwaye abhengeze esidlangalaleni, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba kukuthengiswa kwezixhobo, ubudenge. Kodwa ingxelo kaCockburn iyenza icace into yokuba uTrump watshintsha ikakhulu indlela ezazithethwa ngayo, hayi indlela ezazisenziwa ngayo. Ukuqonda oku kunokusinceda siqonde iinkalo ezongezelelekileyo zolawulo ngaphaya kwencwadi, njengokuba kutheni imikhosi unikwe ukuyekwa kwizivumelwano zemozulu, okanye kutheni imidla yezixhobo zenyukliya qhuba inkxaso ye amandla enyukliya - ngamanye amazwi, imigaqo-nkqubo ebonakala ngathi ayinangqondo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo inokufunyanwa inengqondo xa umntu eyeka ukucinga ngorhulumente wase-US njengento eyahlukileyo kumthengisi wezixhobo.
Kwaneemfazwe ezingenantsingiselo, ezingapheliyo, eziyintlekele nezingaphumeleliyo zidla ngokuchazwa njengempumelelo eqaqambileyo xa iqondwa, kungekhona ngokwenkcazelo yobuxoki esetyenzisiweyo kuzo, kodwa njengezicwangciso zokuthengisa izixhobo. Ewe oku akuzukusebenza kakuhle kuye nawuphi na omnye urhulumente, njengoko ngurhulumente wase-US kuphela olawula ukuthengiswa kwezixhobo zehlabathi, kwaye bambalwa oorhulumente abadlala indima enkulu ebaleni konke konke, ngelixa kuthengwa izixhobo zorhulumente wase-US (wezixhobo zase-US) ilingana noko lichithwa lihlabathi liphela kwizixhobo.
Ubungqina obuhlanganiswe nguCockburn bucebisa ipateni ende yokunyuka kwenkcitho yasemkhosini ivelisa imikhosi engasebenziyo ngokwemiqathango yayo. Sonke siqhele ukubukela iCongress ithenga izixhobo ezingasebenziyo iPentagon engazifuniyo kodwa ezakhiwe kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo kunye nezithili. Kodwa kuyabonakala ukuba ezinye izinto ziyawudibanisa lo mkhwa. Okukhona isixhobo sintsokothile, kokukhona sifumana inzuzo enkulu - le nto iyodwa ihlala ikhokelela kwinani elincinci lezixhobo zefancier. Ukongeza, kwiimeko ezininzi, okukhona izixhobo zinempazamo, kokukhona inzuzo inkulu, njengoko iinkampani zibhatalwa nje ukongezelela ukulungisa izinto kunokuba zithathelwe ingqalelo. Yaye okukhona ibango lezixhobo liphakamileyo, naxa lingangqinwanga, kokukhona ingeniso iba nkulu. Amabango akufuneki akholelwe, ukuba nje enokuthengiswa kumazwe angaphandle njengezoyikiso. Kwaye nalapho, akukho lindelo lokukholelwa olufunekayo. Oku kubangelwa kukuba nokukholelwa kwisixhobo kunokukhokelela emfazweni, nangenxa yokuba imizi-mveliso yezomkhosi kwamanye amazwe ifuna izizathu zokuthethelela izixhobo zabo, nokuba izixhobo abazibalayo ziyakwazi ukwenzakalisa impukane. U-Cockburn ude wabalisa ngesiganeko esirhanelwayo se-Soviet sub ebonakala kufutshane ne-San Francisco kanye xa ivoti ye-Conrgessional kwizixhobo zase-US yayisemngciphekweni.
Imibutho ejolise eluxolweni (kunye noBernie Sanders) iminyaka emininzi iye yaqaqambisa izixhobo ezingalunganga, inkcitho, ubuqhetseba, nobuqhophololo njengeengxoxo zokunciphisa inkcitho yasemkhosini. Imibutho yokupheliswa kwemfazwe iye yaxoxa ukuba izixhobo ezingasebenziyo zezona zixhobo zincinci zimbi, ukuba ukungasebenzi kwazo kuyintsimbi yesilivere, ukuba ukuphambukiswa kobutyebi kubo kurhwebo olubulalayo xa iimfuno zoluntu kunye nezendalo zingaxhaswa ngemali, kodwa ukuba izixhobo zokuqala zokuchasa zezo ngokwenene zibulala kakhulu ngokufanelekileyo. Umbuzo ongakhange uphendulwe ngokwaneleyo kukuba ngaba singakwazi ukuhlanganisa kunye nokwandisa amanani ethu ngokuqaphela inzuzo yezixhobo njengomthombo oyintloko wemikhosi kunye neemfazwe, kunokuba sibe nesiphene kwinkqubo ehloniphekileyo. Ngaba ngokwenene sinokufunda kwaye sisebenze kwinkcazo kaArundhati Roy ukuba izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa iimfazwe, kanti iimfazwe ngoku zenzelwe izixhobo?
Amabango ase-US "okukhusela imijukujelwa" abubuxoki kwaye ayabaxwa kakhulu, njengamaxwebhu kaCockburn. Ke, ngokucacileyo ngamabango kaVladimir Putin okuchasa itekhnoloji yentsomi ngemijukujelwa ye-hypersonic. Ke, eneneni, kubonakala ngathi ngamabango ase-US alandela ngokuvakalayo izixhobo ezifanayo ze-hypersonic - njengoko bebesenza njalo ukusukela oko bazisa umqhubi wekhoboka lamaNazi ogama linguWalter Dornberger ukuba asebenzele umkhosi wase-US. Ngaba uPutin ukholelwa ukuba amabango okhuselo lwe-missile yase-US, okanye ufuna ukuxhasa ngemali amaqabane asebenza ngezixhobo, okanye enze ngokukhanuka kwakhe amandla? Abathengisi bezixhobo base-US ngoku benza imali kwimijukujelwa ye-hypersonic engenathemba mhlawumbi abakhathali.
Imfazwe yaseSaudi eYemen iqhutywa ikakhulu kukuthengiswa kwezixhobo zase-US kwiSaudi Arabia. Kunjalo nokugqunywa kwendima karhulumente waseSaudi ngo-9/11. UCockburn ugubungela zombini ezi zihloko ngokubanzi. ISaudi Arabia ide ihlawule i-US $ 30 yezigidi ngonyaka ukubamba iqela le-US elithengisa izixhobo ezithengisa izixhobo ezingakumbi.
Afghanistan nayo. Ngokwamazwi kaCockburn: “Irekhodi libonisa ukuba imfazwe yase-Afghan yaseMelika yayingeyonto yimbi ngaphandle komsebenzi owathatha ixesha elide nonempumelelo ngokupheleleyo—ukuphanga umrhafi wase-US. Ubuncinci ikota yesigidi sama-Afghan, singasathethi ke nge-3,500 yaseMelika kunye nemikhosi emanyeneyo, bahlawule ixabiso elinzima. "
Akunjalo nje izixhobo kunye neemfazwe eziqhutywa yingeniso. Kwanokwandiswa kwe-NATO eyagcina iMfazwe ebandayo iphila yayiqhutywa zizixhobo ezinomdla, ngumnqweno weenkampani zezixhobo zase-US zokuguqula izizwe zaseMpuma Yurophu zibe ngabathengi, ngokutsho kwengxelo kaCockburn, kunye nomdla weClinton White House ekuphumeleleni iPoland. -Ivoti yaseMelika ngokuzisa iPoland kwiNATO. Ayilohambo nje lokulawula imephu yehlabathi-nangona kukuzimisela ukwenza njalo nokuba iyasibulala.
Ukuwa kweSoviet Union kuchazwa kwingxelo kaCockburn njengokwenza urhwaphilizo olwenziwa yimizi-mveliso yayo yasemkhosini, inkqubo yemisebenzi engenathemba ngakumbi kunokhuphiswano ne-United States. Ukuba ilizwe ekucingelwa ukuba lingamakomanisi linokunikezela kuthotho lwemisebenzi yasemkhosini (thina yazi lonto inkcitho yasemkhosini iyonakalisa uqoqosho kwaye isuse kunokuba yongeze imisebenzi) ngaba kukho ithemba elininzi e-United States apho i-capitalism ilukholo kwaye abantu bakholelwa ngokwenene ukuba umkhosi ukhusela "indlela yabo yokuphila"?
Ndiyathanda ukuba u-Cockburn akazange abange kwiphepha xi ukuba iRashiya yathatha i-Ukraine kwaye kwiphepha 206 ukuba inani elincinane elihlekisayo labantu bafa emfazweni yase-Iraq. Kwaye ndiyathemba ukuba akazange amshiye uSirayeli ngaphandle kwencwadi kuba umfazi wakhe ufuna ukubaleka kwiCongress kwakhona.
