Ngaba i-NATO isafuneka?

Ngu-Sharon Tennison, uDavid Speedie noKrishen Mehta

Aprili 18, 2020

ukusuka Umdla weSizwe

Ubhubhani we-coronavirus obhubhisa umhlaba uzisa imeko yezempilo yoluntu ixesha elide kugxilwe ngqo-Kunye nethemba elibi lexhala lexesha elide kwezoqoqosho elinokutshabalalisa ubume bezentlalo kumazwe onke.

Iinkokeli zehlabathi kufuneka ziphinde zihlolisise inkcitho yezixhobo ezikhoyo ezisongelayo kwizoyikiso yokwenyani kunye nezangoku zokhuseleko lwesizwe-ukuba ziphinde ziqwalasele indlela ezinokupheliswa ngayo. Ukuzinikela okuqhubekayo kwi-NATO, ezinjongo zayo yehlabathi jikelele iqhutywa kakhulu kwaye ixhaswe yi-United States, kufuneka ibe nemibuzo.

Ngo-1949, uNobhala-Jikelele wokuqala we-NATO, wachaza umsebenzi we-NATO njenge "ukugcina iRussia ngaphandle, amaMelika ngaphakathi, kunye namaJamani phantsi." Iminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe, imeko yokhuseleko itshintshe ngokupheleleyo. ISoviet Union kunye neWarsaw Pact Azisekho. Udonga lwaseBerlin luwile, kwaye iJamani ayinabhongo lendawo yokuhlala kubamelwane bayo. Ukanti, iMelika isese-Yurophu kunye nomanyano lwe-NATO lwamazwe angamashumi amabini anethoba.

Ngo-1993, omnye wababhali, u-David Speedie, wadlan 'indlebe noMikhail Gorbachev wambuza malunga nesiqinisekiso awathi wafumana kwi-NATO engasandisiyo empuma. Impendulo yakhe yayiqaqambile: “Mnu. Speedie, sibekekile. " Wayecacile kwisigwebo sakhe ukuba ukuthembela okwakubekwe yiSoviet Union eNtshona, nokudityaniswa kweJamani kunye nokuchithwa kweWarsaw Pact, akuzange kuphinde kubuyiswe.

Oku kuphakamisa umbuzo osisiseko: ingaba i-NATO namhlanje iphucula ukhuseleko lwehlabathi okanye enyanisweni iyaluthoba.

Sikholelwa ukuba zizizathu ezilishumi eziphambili zokuba i-NATO ayisafuneki:

inyeI-NATO yadalwa ngo-1949 ngenxa yezi zizathu zithathu zichazwe apha ngasentla. Ezi zizathu azisasebenzi. Imeko yokhuseleko eYurophu yahluke ngokupheleleyo kuneminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe eyadlulayo. Umongameli waseRussia u-Vladimir Putin wenze isindululo sokuba kwenziwe ilungiselelo elitsha lokhuseleko “ukusuka eDublin ukuya eVladivostok,” eyayingavunyelwa liNtshona. Ukuba yamkelwe, ngesele ibandakanye neRussia kuyilo lobambiswano lokhuseleko olwaluya kuba lukhuselekile kuluntu lwehlabathi.

Mbini: Kuxoxwa abanye ukuba isoyikiso seRussia yanamhlanje sisizathu sokuba iMelika ihlale eYurophu. Kodwa qaphela oku: Uqoqosho lwe-EU lwalungama- $ 18.8 ezigidigidi ngaphambi kweBrexit, kwaye yi- $ 16.6 Trillion emva kweBrexit. Xa uthelekisa, uqoqosho lwaseRussia lusi- $ 1.6 seedola nje namhlanje. Ngoqoqosho lwe-EU ngaphezulu kwezihlandlo ezilishumi kuqoqosho lwaseRussia, ngaba siyakholelwa ukuba iYurophu ayinakukwazi ukuzikhusela kwiRussia? Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-UK ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuhlala kwimanyano yezokhuselo ye-Euro kwaye iya kuqhubeka nokuba negalelo kolo khuseleko.

NtathuImfazwe ebandayo I yayiyenye yezomngcipheko wehlabathi jikelele-eyayineentshaba ezimbini ezinamandla umntu ngamnye ephethe imfazwe yenyukliya engamashumi amathathu amawaka. Imeko yangoku ibeka ingozi enkulu ngakumbi, yeyokuba uzinzo olugqithisileyo luvela kubadlali abengekho kurhulumente, njengamaqela abashokobi, ukufumana izixhobo zentshabalalo. I-Russia kunye neenqununu ze-NATO ngokukhethekileyo banokuhlangabezana nezi zisongelo-ukuba basebenza kwikonsathi.

NeElona xesha ilungu le-NATO lifake inqaku lesi-5 (“ukuhlaselwa komnye kukuhlaselwa kwabo bonke” igatya) yayiyi-United States emva kohlaselo lwabanqolobi ngo-Septemba 11, 2001. Olona tshaba yayingelilo olunye uhlanga kodwa isisongelo esiqhelekileyo ubunqolobi. I-Russia iqhubekeke iqhubela phambili esi sizathu sentsebenziswano-eneneni iRussia ibonelele ngobuntlola bokusebenza kunye nenkxaso yesiseko kwisithuba se-9/11 Afghan ukuzibandakanya. ICoronavirus ilingise enye inkxalabo enkulu: eyabagrogrisi abanezixhobo zebhayoloji. Oku akunakujongelwa phantsi kwimozulu esihlala kuyo ngoku.

Ntlanu: Xa iRussia inotshaba olunokubakho kumda wayo, njengakuqala komkhosi we-2020 we-NATO, iRussia iya kunyanzeliswa ngakumbi kukuzimela geqe kulawulo lwentando yesininzi. Xa abemi baziva besoyikiswa, bafuna ubunkokeli obomeleleyo kwaye babanike ukhuseleko.

NtandathuIzenzo zasemkhosini ze-NATO eSerbia phantsi kukaMongameli Clinton naseLibya phantsi kukaMongameli Barack Obama, kunye neminyaka ephantse yangamashumi amabini yemfazwe e-Afghanistan-yeyona inde yakudala kwimbali yethu-yayiqhutywa kakhulu yi-US. Akukho "nto yaseRussia" apha, kodwa ezi zinto zingqubana zisetyenziswa ukuphikisa i-raison d'etre ngokuyintloko ukujongana neRussia.

SixhengxeNgokukunye notshintsho lwemozulu, esona sisoyikiso sikho sesoyikiso yenyukliya-le krele leDamocles lisasongamele kuthi sonke. Nge-NATO sineziseko kumazwe angamashumi amabini anesithoba, kumazwe amaninzi kwimida yaseRussia, abanye bephakathi kobugcisa be-St. Petersburg, sihamba nomngcipheko wemfazwe yenyukliya enokutshabalalisa uluntu. Umngcipheko wengozi okanye "i-alamu yobuxoki" yabhalwa izihlandlo ezininzi ngexesha leMfazwe ebandayo kwaye eyoyikeka ngakumbi ngoku, inikezwe isantya seMach 5 sokuphoswa kwale mihla.

SibhozoUkuba nje iUnited States iyaqhubeka ichitha isondele kuma-70 eepesenti yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali yayo kwezomkhosi, kuyakuhlala kukho isidingo seentshaba, nokuba zezokwenyani okanye ziqondiwe. Abantu baseMelika banelungelo lokubuza ukuba kutheni le nto “inkcitho” engaka ifuneka kwaye ngubani? Inkcitho ye-NATO iza ngenxa yezinye izinto eziphambili zesizwe. Sifumanisa oku phakathi kwe-coronavirus xa iinkqubo zempilo ezisentshona zingasasebenzi kakuhle kwaye zingalungelelani. Ukwahlula iindleko kunye neendleko ezingeyomfuneko ze-NATO iya kwenza indawo kwezinye izinto eziphambili zesizwe ezilungileyo kakhulu kuluntu lwaseMelika.

Thoba: Sisebenzise i-NATO ukwenza ngokungathandani, ngaphandle kwemvume yomthetho okanye yehlabathi. Ungquzulwano lwaseMelika neRussia ikakhulu zezopolitiko, hayi ezomkhosi. Ikhala ngokuthetha nobuchule bokuyila. Inyani yile yokuba iMelika ifuna idiploma eyomeleleyo kubudlelwane bamanye amazwe, hayi isixhobo somkhosi esibethayo.

ShumiOkokugqibela, imidlalo yemfazwe eyenzeka kwindawo yaseRussia kunye nokudityaniswa kwezivumelwano zokulawula iingalo-isisisongelo esikhulayo esinokuthi sitshatyalalise wonke umntu, ngakumbi xa ingqalelo yamanye amazwe ijolise 'kutshaba' olungenamsebenzi. I-coronavirus ijoyine uluhlu lwezisongelo zehlabathi ezifuna intsebenziswano kunokuba ijongane ngokungxamisekileyo kunangaphambili.

Kuya kubakho eminye imiceli mngeni yehlabathi jikelele amazwe aya kujongana nawo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, i-NATO eneminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe ayisisixhobo sokujongana nazo. Lixesha lokuba uqhubekele phambili kolu hlaselo lokuhlangana kunye nobuchule bobuchule bokhuseleko emhlabeni, obujongana nezisongelo zanamhlanje nangomso.

USharon Tennison nguMongameli weZiko leZenzo zaBemi. UDavid Speedie ngumsunguli kunye noMphathi wangaphambili wale nkqubo yokuzibandakanya kwe-US kwihlabathi kwi-Carnegie Council for Ethics kwiMicimbi yeHlabathi. UKrishen Mehta ngumlingani oMkhulu wezobulungisa kwiYale Yunivesithi.

Umfanekiso: Iikhompyuter.