Owayesakuba nguSekela Nobhala kaRhulumente uWilliam Burns ngo-2016. Ikhredithi yesithombe: I-Columbia Journal yeMicimbi yamazwe ngamazwe
NguMedea Benjamin noNicolas JS Davies, World BEYOND War, Septemba 5, 2023
Ilahlekile kwiholo esiphithizelayo yezibuko zendalo yayo, iCIA iye yasilela ngokubanzi kumsebenzi wayo omnye kwaye kuphela osemthethweni, ukubonelela abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo base-US ubukrelekrele obuchanekileyo malunga nehlabathi elingaphaya kwe-Washington echo-chamber ukwazisa ukwenza izigqibo zase-US.
Ukuba, ngokungafaniyo nabaninzi ababengaphambi kwakhe, uMongameli Biden ngenene wayefuna ukukhokelwa bubulumko obuchanekileyo, nto leyo engaqinisekanga, ukutyunjwa kwakhe owayesakuba nguSekela Nobhala welizwe uBill Burns njengoMlawuli weCIA yayikhuthaza, nangona yayidida. Isuse uBurns kuthotho lomgaqo-nkqubo weSebe likarhulumente, kodwa yambeka kwindawo apho amashumi eminyaka yamava akhe kwezozakuzo kunye nokuqonda kunokunceda ukukhokela izigqibo zikaBiden, ngakumbi malunga nengxaki kubudlelwane base-US neRussia. UBurns, esazi kakuhle isiRashiya, wayehlala kwaye esebenza kwi-Embassy yase-US eMoscow iminyaka emininzi, okokuqala njengegosa lezopolitiko kwaye kamva njengommeli wase-US.
Kunzima ukufumana amanqaku eminwe kaBurns kumgaqo-nkqubo waseRussia waseBiden okanye ekuqhutyweni kwemfazwe ye-NATO e-Ukraine, apho umgaqo-nkqubo wase-US uye wangena ngqo kwingozi uBurns walumkisa ngayo urhulumente wakhe, kwiintambo ezivela eMoscow ezithatha ngaphezulu kweshumi leminyaka. Asinakwazi ukuba uBurns uxelela ntoni umongameli emva kweengcango ezivaliweyo. Kodwa akazange abize esidlangalaleni iingxoxo zoxolo, njengoko uSihlalo weeNkosana eziManyeneyo zaBasebenzi uMark Milley uyenzile, nangona ukwenza oko kuya kuba yinto engaqhelekanga kumlawuli weCIA.
Kwimeko yangoku ye-pro-war eqinile, i-anti-Russian orthodoxy, ukuba uBill Burns wavakalisa esidlangalaleni ezinye zeenkxalabo awayezivakalise ngaphambili kumsebenzi wakhe, unokukhutshelwa ngaphandle, okanye agxothwe, njengomthetheleli kaPutin. Kodwa izilumkiso zakhe ezibuhlungu malunga neziphumo zokumema i-Ukraine ukuba ijoyine i-NATO zifakwe epokothweni yakhe ngasemva, njengoko egweba iRussia njengokuphela kombhali wemfazwe eyintlekele e-Ukraine, ngaphandle kokukhankanya umxholo obalulekileyo awuchaze ngokucacileyo phezu kwemfazwe. iminyaka engama-30 edlulileyo.
Kwinkumbulo yakhe Ijelo elingasemva, epapashwe kwi-2019, uBurns uqinisekisile ukuba, kwi-1990, uNobhala kaRhulumente u-James Baker wayeqinisekisile ngokwenene u-Mikhail Gorbachev ukuba akuyi kubakho ukwandiswa komanyano lwe-NATO okanye imikhosi "i-intshi enye ukuya empuma" kwimida yeJamani ehlangeneyo. UBurns wabhala ukuba, nangona isibambiso singazange senziwe ngokusemthethweni kwaye senziwe ngaphambi kokuqhekeka kweSoviet Union, amaRashiya amthatha uBaker ngelizwi lakhe kwaye aziva engcatshiwe ngokwandiswa kwe-NATO kwiminyaka eyalandelayo.
Xa wayeligosa lezopolitiko kwi-Embassy yase-US eMoscow ngo-1995, uBurns umbiko ukuba "ubutshaba kulwando lwangaphambili lwe-NATO luphantse luvakalelwe kwihlabathi lonke apha." Xa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990 ulawulo lukaMongameli uBill Clinton lwafuduka lwazisa iPoland, iHungary kunye neRiphabhliki yaseCzech kwiNATO, uBurns wasibiza eso sigqibo siphambi kwexesha, kwaye sixhokonxa ngokungeyomfuneko. “Njengoko abantu baseRussia babecinga ngesikhalazo sabo kunye nokuziva bengoneli, uqhwithela oluhlangeneyo lwethiyori 'lokuhlatywa ngasemva' luye lwajikeleza kancinci, lushiya uphawu kubudlelwane baseRussia namazwe aseNtshona obuya kuhlala amashumi eminyaka," utshilo. wabhala.
Emva kokukhonza izikhundla ezahlukeneyo kuMbindi Mpuma, kuquka nozakuzaku eJordan, ngo-2005 uBurns ekugqibeleni wawufumana umsebenzi awayewujongile kangangeminyaka: unozakuzaku wase-US eRashiya. Ukusuka kwimiba yorhwebo enameva ukuya kwingxabano yaseKosovo kunye neengxabano zokukhusela i-missile, wayenezandla zakhe zizele. Kodwa umba wokwandiswa kwe-NATO yayingumthombo wokungqubana rhoqo.
Kwafika entloko ngo-2008, xa amagosa kulawulo lukaBush ayetyhala ukwandisa isimemo se-NATO e-Ukraine naseGeorgia kwiNgqungquthela ye-NATO yaseBucharest. Burns wazama ukuyisusa. Kwiinyanga ezimbini ngaphambi kwengqungquthela, wabhala i-imeyile engabanjwanga Unobhala welizwe uCondoleezza Rice, iinxalenye ezithile awazicaphula kwincwadi yakhe.
"Ukungena kwe-Ukrainian kwi-NATO yeyona nto iqaqambileyo kuzo zonke ii-redlines zaseRashiya (hayi nje uPutin). Ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibini enesiqingatha yeencoko nabadlali abaphambili baseRussia, ukusuka kwi-knuckle-draggers kwindawo emnyama yaseKremlin ukuya kubagxeki bakaPutin ababukhali benkululeko, andikafumani nabani na ojonga iUkraine kwiNATO njengayo nayiphi na enye into ngaphandle komngeni othe ngqo. kwizilangazelelo zaseRashiya,” wabhala uBurns. “Okwangoku, i-MAP [iSicwangciso sokuSebenza soBulungu] ayizukubonwa njengenyathelo lobuchule kwindlela ende eya kubulungu, kodwa njengokulahla iqhinga lobuchule. IRashiya iya kuphendula. Ubudlelwane baseRussia-Ukraine buya kungena kumkhenkce onzulu…. Iya kudala umhlaba ochumileyo ukuze iRussia ingenelele eCrimea nasempuma Ukraine. ”
Ukongeza kule imeyile yobuqu, wabhala intambo esemthethweni enamanqaku ali-12 kuNobhala weRice kunye noNobhala wezoKhuseleko uRobert Gates, oye wavela wabulela ngokulahlwa kwentambo ye-WikiLeaks ngo-2010.
Ngomhla we-1 kaFebruwari, i-2008, umgca wesifundo sememo, zonke ii-caps, zazingenakucaca ngakumbi: I-NYET IMEANS NYET: I-RUSSIA'S NATO ENLARGEMENT REDLINES.
Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, uBurns udlulise inkcaso emandla evela kuMphathiswa Wezangaphandle uSergey Lavrov kunye namanye amagosa aphezulu, egxininisa ukuba iRussia iya kujonga ngakumbi ukwanda kwe-NATO empuma njengesoyikiso somkhosi esinokubakho. Watsho ukuba ukwandiswa kwe-NATO, ngakumbi e-Ukraine, "ngumba weemvakalelo kunye ne-neuralgic" kodwa ingumba womgaqo-nkqubo wobuchule.
"IRussia ayiboni nje ukurhangqwa kunye neenzame zokujongela phantsi impembelelo yaseRussia kulo mmandla, kodwa yoyika iziphumo ezingalindelekanga nezingalawulekiyo ezinokuchaphazela kakhulu umdla wokhuseleko lwaseRussia. Iingcali zisixelela ukuba iRashiya ixhalabile ngokukodwa ukuba iyantlukwano eqinile e-Ukraine malunga nobulungu be-NATO, kunye noluntu oluninzi lwaseRashiya ngokuchasene nobulungu, lunokubangela ukwahlukana okukhulu, okubandakanya ubundlobongela okanye okubi kakhulu, imfazwe yamakhaya. Ngelo xesha, iRashiya kuya kufuneka igqibe enoba ingenelele kusini na—isigqibo iRashiya engafuni kujongana nayo.”
Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva, imvukelo yaseMaidan eyayixhaswa yiUnited States yaba sisiqalo sokugqibela semfazwe yamakhaya njengoko iingcali zaseRashiya zazicinge kwangaphambili.
UBurns ucaphule uLavrov esithi, ngelixa amazwe ekhululekile ukuba azenzele izigqibo malunga nokhuseleko lwawo kunye nemibutho yezopolitiko-yezomkhosi ukuba ajoyine, kufuneka bakhumbule impembelelo kubamelwane babo, kwaye iRashiya ne-Ukraine zibotshelelwe yizibophelelo zamazwe amabini. yamiselwa kwiSivumelwano soBuhlobo, iNtsebenziswano kunye neNtsebenziswano yowe-1997, apho omabini amaqela athatha “ukuyeka ukuthatha inxaxheba okanye ukuxhasa naziphi na izenzo ezinokubeka engozini ukhuseleko lwelinye icala.”
UBurns uthe intshukumo yaseUkraine ukuya kwinqanaba laseNtshona iya kwenzakalisa intsebenziswano yoshishino lwezokhuselo phakathi kweRussia neUkraine, kubandakanya nefektri ezininzi apho izixhobo zaseRussia zenziwa khona, kwaye ziya kuba nefuthe elibi kumawaka abantu baseUkraine abahlala kwaye basebenza eRussia kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. UBurns wacaphula uAleksandr Konovalov, uMalathisi weZiko Lovavanyo Lwezicwangciso-qhinga, exela kwangaphambili ukuba oku kwakuya kuba “ngumsindo nentiyo phakathi kwabemi basekuhlaleni.”
Amagosa aseRashiya axelele uBurns ukuba ukwandiswa kwe-NATO kuya kuba nemiphumo kuwo wonke ummandla kunye noMbindi kunye neNtshona Yurophu, kwaye kunokubangela ukuba iRashiya iphinde ibuyele kwizivumelwano zayo zolawulo lwezixhobo kunye neNtshona.
Kwintlanganiso yobuqu enqabileyo uBurns awayenayo noPutin ngaphambi nje kokuba ashiye isikhundla sakhe njengonozakuzaku ngo-2008, uPutin wamlumkisa ngelithi “akukho nkokeli yaseRussia inokuma phambi kwamanyathelo okuya kubulungu be-NATO eUkraine. Oko kuya kuba sisenzo esichasayo kwiRashiya. Siya kwenza konke okusemandleni ethu ukuyinqanda. ”
Ngaphandle kwazo zonke ezi zilumkiso, ulawulo lukaBush lwaqhubela phambili kwiNgqungquthela ka-2008 eBucharest. Ngenxa yenkcaso evela kumazwe aliqela aseYurophu, akukho mhla wobulungu ubekiweyo, kodwa iNATO yakhupha ingxelo exhokonxayo, isithi "sivumelene namhlanje ukuba iUkraine neGeorgia ziya kuba ngamalungu eNATO."
UBurns wayengonwabanga. "Ngeendlela ezininzi, uBucharest wasishiya kwezona zizwe zimbi kakhulu - sixhasa abantu baseUkraine kunye nabaseGeorgia ngethemba lobulungu be-NATO ebesingenakukwazi ukuyihambisa, ngelixa sisomeleza umbono kaPutin wokuba sizimisele ukulandela ikhondo alibona njengelikhoyo. isoyikiso,” wabhala watsho.
Ngelixa iUkraine isenethemba lokungena ngokusesikweni kwi-NATO, owayesakuba ngumphathiswa wezokhuselo waseUkraine uOleksii Reznikov uthi ukuba i-Ukraine sele ililungu le-de facto yomanyano we-NATO ofumana izixhobo ze-NATO, uqeqesho lwe-NATO kunye nentsebenziswano ejikeleze umkhosi kunye nobukrelekrele. Ukwabelana ngobukrelekrele kukhokelwa yinkosi yeCIA ngokwayo, ebihamba isiya ngapha nangapha ukuya kudibana neqabane layo eUkraine.
Ukusetyenziswa okungcono kakhulu kobuchwephesha bukaBurns kuya kuba kukuhamba uye phambili ukuya eMoscow ukuze uncede uthethathethwano lokuphelisa le mfazwe ikhohlakeleyo nengenakuphumelela. Ngaba loo nto ingamenza ukuba abe ngumthetheleli kaPutin, okanye umgqatswa weBhaso loXolo lweNobel? Ingaba ucinga ntoni?
UMedea Benjamin kunye noNicolas JS Davies bangababhali be Imfazwe e-Ukraine: Ukwenza ingqiqo yongquzulwano olungenangqiqo, epapashwe ngabakwa-OR Books ngoNovemba wama-2022.
UMedea uBenjamin ngumseki we CODEPINK yoxolo, kunye nombhali weencwadi ezininzi, kubandakanya Ngaphakathi kwe-Iran: Imbali Yembali kunye nezopolitiko zeRiphabhliki yase-Iran.
UNicolas JS Davies yintatheli ezimeleyo, umphandi weCODEPINK kunye nombhali Igazi ezandleni zethu: Invasion yaseMelika kunye nokuTshatyalaliswa kwe-Iraq.
