NguDavid Swanson, Masilinge iNdemokhrasi, Oktobha 19, 2021
Umhlobo wandibuza ukuba ndingakwazi "ukuphikisa" nqaku malunga needrones ezipapashwe yi "Responsible Statecraft," kwaye andiqinisekanga ukuba ndinako. Ukuba inqaku belichasa iintlobo ezithile zokudlwengulwa okanye ukuthuthunjiswa okanye inkohlakalo yezilwanyana okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwemekobume kodwa lakha kwintelekelelo yokuba umntu kufuneka abe nazo ezo zinto, nangona iinguqulelo ezihlaziyiweyo zazo, andinakuyikhanyela imfuneko yokuchasa inkohlakalo ethile. Nangona kunjalo, ndingayithandabuza into yokuba oko kwakulungile ngokwaneleyo.
Kwaye ukuba abantu ababehlawulwe ukuxhasa ukuhlushwa kweekati baphikisana ngokwenza njalo ngaphandle kweeglavu, ndingacebisa ukuba ndifumane umbono womntu ongahlawulwanga ukucinga ngolo hlobo, ngakumbi ukupapashwa kwiwebhusayithi ezinikele ekuchaseni ukuhlushwa kweekati (kunye okanye ngaphandle kweeglavu).
Ewe, kukho iinkolelo zobuxoki ezakhelwe kumbono wehlabathi omelwe linqaku elidityaniswe ngasentla, kodwa kukwakho nembono yehlabathi esisiseko eyamkela ukubulala, ubuncinci ukuba yenziwa ngomjukujelwa ovela kwinqwelomoya yerobhothi.
Ayiyonto nje, umbono wehlabathi ohamba kunye neBlobthought ngokucokisekileyo kangangokuba icinge ukuba "Ngaphaya kwe-Horizon" ukuba yinxalenye "yentetho yemihla ngemihla" kuba umntu othile kwi-White House wayecinga ukuba libinzana elitsha elilungileyo lokuphazamisa ukuvuthela. abantu kwamanye amazwe.
Akunjalo, kwakhona, umbono wehlabathi ongabuhoyi ubukho bemithetho, imithetho echasene nokubulala enokufunyanwa kuzo zonke izizwe emhlabeni, kunye nemithetho echasene nemfazwe efumaneka kwi IHague Convention ye1907, i I-Kellogg-Briand iPact ye-1928, i Itshata yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yowe-1945, i Isivumelwano saseNyakatho yeAtlantic yowe-1949, kwaye i I-Statute yaseRome yeNkundla yeNkundla yeNkundla yeNkundla.
Lumbono wehlabathi owahlula ubunqolobi obuninzi kubunqolobi bomntu ohluphekayo, ephinda ebhala igama langaphambili “njengelichasene nobunqolobi.”
Ingena engxakini yokwenyani xa ibanga ukuba into ebizwa ngokuba yi-counter-terrorism iyanqanda okanye inciphisa okanye ibuphelise ubunqolobi, kwaye xa icebisa ukuba ukubulawa kwabantu ngedrone kwenziwa kwiindawo apho amajoni aphantsi abulala abantu abafanelekileyo kwaye aphumelele ukungachasi- imveliso ngendlela ukubulawa kwabantu ngedrone okwenziwa kwenye indawo kudla ngokubakho.
Iqhubekisela phambili intsomi yeendaba xa icebisa ukuba ukubulawa kwabantu ngedrone eKabul okwaba ziindaba kanye njengoko i-US yayisusa imikhosi e-Afghanistan yayahlukile - hayi kuba "ukuphela" kwemfazwe yayiziindaba kwaye indawo yayikwikomkhulu - kodwa. kuba amawaka ezinye iidrone zokubulala zonke zabulala abantu abafanelekileyo kwaye zange zivelise iintshaba ezininzi kunokuba zibulele.
Iguqula inyani xa ibonisa ukuvuthela abantu abaninzi e-Afghanistan ngemijukujelwa njengenkonzo yoluntu kwaye icebisa ukuba iFrance kufuneka yabelane ngenxalenye yomthwalo wokuyibonelela.
The inyaniso, kunjalo, sele ingamashumi eminyaka yokubulawa kwe-drone okungapheliyo, kubandakanywa "ugwayimbo lokutyikitya" kunye "nokubetha kabini" kujoliswe kubantu abaninzi abangaziwayo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha abantu abachongayo abanokuthi babanjwe ngokulula ukuba kwakungekho kukhetha ukubabulala kunye nabani na okufutshane nabo. UDaniel Hale usentolongweni, hayi ngenxa yokutyhila inkqubo efanelekileyo yokubulala eyonakaliswe ngokurhoxa ngaphaya “komda,” kodwa ngenxa yokubhenca intlondi yokungakhathali yemfazwe yedrone.
Ukuba ukubulawa kwabantu ngedrone bekungekho mveliso ngokwemiqathango yabo, ngekhe sibe namagosa amaninzi asemkhosini ase-US asele ethathe umhlala-phantsi ebagxeka ngokuba njalo. Mhlawumbi "iStatecraft enoxanduva" kufuneka ilinde abasebenzi basemkhosini ukuba bathathe umhlala phantsi ngaphambi kokupapasha ipropaganda yabo. Ingxelo yeCIA fu maneka inkqubo yayo yokubulala i-drone ichasene nemveliso. INtloko yeYunithi ye-CIA Bin Laden wathi kokukhona iUnited States isilwa nobunqolobi kokukhona idala ubunqolobi. Owayesakuba nguMlawuli woBuntlola beSizwe wabhala ukuba ngelixa "uhlaselo lwe-drone luye lwanceda ukunciphisa ubunkokeli be-Qaeda ePakistan, baye bandisa inzondo ngeMelika." Owayesakuba nguSekela Sihlalo weeNkosi eziManyeneyo zaBasebenzi zigcinwe ukuba “Sibona oko kubhuqa. Ukuba uzama ukubulala indlela yakho yokufumana isisombululo, nokuba uchane kangakanani na, uya kubacaphukisa abantu nokuba akujoliswanga ngabo.” Zombini Jikelele UStanley McChrystal kunye nowangaphambili UK Ummeli oKhethekileyo ukuya e-Afghanistan ibango lokuba yonke into ebulalayo ivelisa iintshaba ezintsha ezili-10. Owayesakuba liGosa laseLwandle (i-Iraq) kunye nowayesakuba liGosa lozakuzo wase-US (i-Iraq ne-Afghanistan) u-Matthew Hoh uqukumbela ngelithi ukunyuka komkhosi “kuya kuphembelela uqhushululu. Iyakomeleza amabango eentshaba zethu zokuba singamandla ahleliyo, kuba singamandla ahleliyo. Kwaye oko kuya kuphembelela uvukelo kuphela. Kwaye oko kuya kubangela ukuba abantu abaninzi balwe nathi okanye abo basilwelayo ukuba baqhubeke besilwa. ”
Kakade ke, ubunqolobi ngokuqikelelwa kwangaphambili yanda ukusuka ku-2001 ukuya ku-2014, ngokukodwa njengesiphumo esiqikelelwayo semfazwe yobunqolobi. Kwaye 95% kulo lonke uhlaselo lwabanqolobi ngokuzibulala lulwaphulo-mthetho olungakhuselekiyo olwenziwayo ukukhuthaza abemi bangaphandle ukuba balishiye ilizwe labanqolobi. Ukuba indlela engenzi mveliso inokwenzeka kuye kwangqinwa amaxesha amaninzi. Ngokomzekelo, ngoMatshi 11, 2004, iziqhushumbisi zeAl Qaeda zabulala abantu abali-191 eMadrid, eSpeyin, ngaphambi nje konyulo apho elinye iqela lalikhankasela ukuthabatha inxaxheba kweSpeyin kwimfazwe eyayikhokelwa yiUnited States eIraq. Abantu baseSpain bavotelwe oonontlalontle basemandleni, kwaye bawasusa onke umkhosi waseSpain e-Iraq ngoMeyi. Kwakungekho zibhombu eSpeyin. Imbali eme ngokwahlukileyo e-Bhritane, e-United States, nakwamanye amazwe athe aphendula ekubuyeni ngomlo ongaphezulu, ngokubanzi avelisa ngaphezulu.
Imfazwe "eyimpumelelo" yedrone eYemen yanceda ukuvelisa imfazwe yesiko eYemen. Ukuthengiswa ngempumelelo kweedrones ezibulalayo kukhokelele ekufumaneni iidrone zomkhosi ngoorhulumente belizwe abangaphezu kwe-100. Umntu akanakuzibamba kodwa uyazibuza ukuba ngaba wonke umntu osemhlabeni uyavumelana malunga nokuba ngabaphi abantu abafanelekileyo ukuba baqhunyiswe kwaye ngabaphi abangafanelekanga.
