Iivoti zabasetyhini kunyulo lwaseIran. Umfanekiso wekhredithi: Reuters
NguMedea Benjamin kunye noNicolas JS Davies, CODEPINK yoxolo, Juni 24, 2021
Yayilulwazi oluqhelekileyo ukuba ukusilela kwe-US ukujoyina isivumelwano senyukliya sase-Iran (esaziwa ngokuba yi-JCPOA) phambi konyulo lukamongameli lwase-Iran lwangoJuni kuya kunceda abantu abangoongqongqo ukuba baphumelele unyulo. Ngokwenene, ngoMgqibelo, nge-19 kaJuni, u-Ebrahim Raisi olondolozayo wonyulwa njengoMongameli omtsha wase-Iran.
URaisi unerekhodi ye ukutyumza ngenkohlakalo kubachasi bakarhulumente kwaye unyulo lwakhe sisibetho esiqatha kubantu base-Irani abalwela inkululeko ngakumbi, uluntu oluvulelekileyo. Kananjalo unayo a imbali Uluvo oluchasene neNtshona kwaye uthi uyakwala ukudibana noMongameli Biden. Kwaye ngelixa uMongameli wangoku u-Rouhani, ethathwa njengophakathi, wabonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka Iingxoxo ezibanzi emva kokuba i-US ibuyele kwisivumelwano senyukliya, uRaisi ngokuqinisekileyo uya kwala uthethathethwano olubanzi kunye ne-United States.
Ngaba uloyiso lukaRaisi belunokuthintelwa ukuba uMongameli uBiden waye waphinda wajoyina isivumelwano sase-Iran kanye emva kokungena kwi-White House kwaye wenza ukuba uRouhani kunye neemodareyitha e-Iran bathathe imbeko ngokususa izohlwayo zase-US ngaphambi konyulo? Ngoku soze sazi.
Ukurhoxa kukaTrump kwisivumelwano kuye kwasondeza ukugwetywa kweDemokhrasi kwaye kwaphulwa ngempikiswano. umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Kodwa ukusilela kukaBiden ukuphinda abuyele kwisivumelwano kushiye umgaqo-nkqubo kaTrump, kubandakanya nenkohlakalo “yoxinzelelo olukhulu”. izigwebo ezitshabalalisa umgangatho ophakathi wase-Iran, ziphosa izigidi zabantu kwintlupheko, kwaye zithintela ukuthengiswa kweyeza kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo, nangexesha lobhubhani.
Izohlwayo zase-US ziye zaxhokonxa amanyathelo okuziphindezela avela e-Iran, kuquka ukumisa imida ekutyebiseni kwayo i-uranium kunye nokunciphisa intsebenziswano kunye ne-International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). I-Trump's, kwaye ngoku ye-Biden, umgaqo-nkqubo uphinde wakha kwakhona iingxaki ezandulela i-JCPOA ngo-2015, ebonisa impambano eyaziwayo ngokubanzi yokuphinda into engazange isebenze kwaye ilindele isiphumo esahlukileyo.
Ukuba izenzo zithetha ngaphezu kwamazwi, i Ukuhluthwa kwe-US of 27 Iranian kunye Yemeni websites iindaba zamazwe ngamazwe ngoJuni 22nd, ngokusekwe kwi-ijeziso ezingekho mthethweni, unilateral US ukuba phakathi izihloko kakhulu impikiswano thethwano Vienna, icebisa ukuba impambano efanayo usabambe phezu komgaqo-nkqubo US.
Ukusukela oko uBiden ethathe isikhundla, umbuzo obalulekileyo osisiseko kukuba yena kunye nolawulo lwakhe bazinikele ngokwenene kwi-JCPOA okanye hayi. Njengomgqatswa kamongameli, uSenator Sanders wathembisa ukuba uza kuphinda ajoyine i-JCPOA ngosuku lwakhe lokuqala njengomongameli, kwaye i-Iran yayisoloko ithi ikulungele ukuthobela isivumelwano ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-United States ibuyele kuyo.
UBiden sele ekwi-ofisi iinyanga ezintlanu, kodwa uthethathethwano eVienna aluzange luqale de kube nge-6 ka-Epreli. Ukusilela kwakhe ukuphinda ujoyine isivumelwano sokuthatha isikhundla kubonise umnqweno wokuxolisa abacebisi be-hawkish kunye nezopolitiko abathi bangasebenzisa ukurhoxa kukaTrump kunye nesoyikiso sokuqhubeka kwezohlwayo "njengokunyibilika" ukukhupha eminye iminyinyiva evela eIran ngenxa yemijukujelwa ye-ballistic, imisebenzi yengingqi kunye neminye imibuzo.
Kunokuba akhuphe imvume engakumbi, ukutsalwa kweenyawo kuka-Biden kubangele ukuba i-Iran iphindezele ngakumbi, ngakumbi emva kokubulawa kwesazinzulu sase-Iranian kunye nokonakalisa indawo yenyukliya yase-Iran, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba yenziwe nguSirayeli.
Ngaphandle koncedo oluninzi, kunye noxinzelelo oluthile, oluvela kumahlakani aseMelika aseYurophu, akukacaci ukuba bekuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani uBiden ukuba ajikeleze ukuvula uthethathethwano neIran. Idiplomacy ye-shuttle eyenzeka eVienna sisiphumo sothethathethwano olubuhlungu kunye namacala omabini ngowayesakuba nguMongameli wePalamente yaseYurophu. UJosep Borrell, ngoku oyintloko yomgaqo-nkqubo weEuropean Union.
Umjikelo wesithandathu wediplomacy ye-shuttle ngoku uphelile eVienna ngaphandle kwesivumelwano. UMongameli-onyuliweyo uRaisi uthi uxhasa iingxoxo eVienna, kodwa akayi kuvumela iUnited States ukuba batsalele phandle ixesha elide.
Igosa laseMelika elingachazwanga ngagama liphakamise ithemba ngesivumelwano phambi kokuba URaisi ungena esihlalweni nge-3 ka-Agasti, eqaphela ukuba kuya kuba nzima ukufikelela kwisivumelwano emva koko. Kodwa isithethi seSebe leSizwe sathi iingxoxo yayiza kuqhubeka xa lo rhulumente mtsha eqalisa ukulawula, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba kubekho isivumelwano ngaphambi koko.
Nokuba uBiden waye waphinda wajoyina i-JCPOA, iimodareyitha zase-Iran zisenokuphulukana nolunyulo lulawulwa ngokuqinileyo. Kodwa i-JCPOA ebuyiselweyo kunye nokuphela kwezohlwayo zase-US beziya kubashiya abamodareyitha kwindawo eyomeleleyo, kwaye babeke ubudlelwane be-Iran kunye ne-United States kunye namahlakani ayo kwindlela yesiqhelo eya kunceda ukujongana nobudlelwane obunzima kunye noRaisi kunye norhulumente wakhe. kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ukuba uBiden uyasilela ukujoyina i-JCPOA, kwaye ukuba i-United States okanye i-Israel iphelela emfazweni ne-Iran, eli thuba lilahlekileyo lokubuyela ngokukhawuleza kwi-JCPOA kwiinyanga zakhe zokuqala e-ofisini liya kuba likhulu kwiziganeko ezizayo kunye nelifa likaBiden njengomongameli.
Ukuba iUnited States ayiphindi ijoyine i-JCPOA ngaphambi kokuba uRaisi athathe isikhundla, i-Iran's hard-liners iya kukhomba kwi-diplomacy ye-Rouhani kunye ne-West njengephupha elihlulekile, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yabo njengepragmatic kunye nenyani ngokungafaniyo. E-United States nase-Israel, ookhetshe abaye batsalela i-Biden kule nqwelo-moya ehamba kancinane baza kube bekhupha ii-champagne corks ukubhiyozela ukumiselwa kuka-Raisi, njengoko besiya kubulala i-JCPOA ngokulungileyo, beyityhola njengesivumelwano umbulali omkhulu.
Ukuba i-Biden iphinda ijoyine i-JCPOA emva kokumiselwa kukaRaisi, i-Iran i-hard-liners iya kubanga ukuba iphumelele apho u-Rouhani kunye nabamodareyitha behlulekile, kwaye bathathe ikhredithi ngokubuyisela uqoqosho oluya kulandela ukususwa kwezohlwayo zase-US.
Kwelinye icala, ukuba iBiden ilandela ingcebiso ka-hawkish kwaye izama ukuyidlala nzima, kwaye uRaisi emva koko watsala iplagi kuthethwano, zombini iinkokeli ziya kufumana amanqaku nge-hard-liners yazo ngeendleko zobuninzi babantu bazo abafuna uxolo, kwaye i-United States iya kubuyela kwindlela yokujongana ne-Iran.
Ngelixa eso iya kuba sisiphumo esibi kakhulu kuzo zonke, kuya kuvumela uBiden ukuba abe nazo zombini iindlela ekhaya, exolisa ookhetshe ngelixa exelela abakhululekileyo ukuba uzibophelele kwisivumelwano senyukliya de i-Iran iyale. Indlela egxekayo enjalo yokumelana okuncinci inokuba yindlela eya emfazweni.
Kuwo onke la manani, kubalulekile ukuba iBiden kunye neeDemokhrasi bagqibezele isivumelwano kunye norhulumente waseRouhani kwaye baphinde bajoyine i-JCPOA. Ukuyijoyina kwakhona emva kokuba uRaisi ethathe isikhundla kuya kuba ngcono kunokuvumela uthetha-thethwano lusilele ngokupheleleyo, kodwa yonke le nto ihamba kancinci kaloliwe ibonakaliswe ngokuncipha kwembuyekezo ngalo lonke ixesha ulibaziseko, ukusukela kumhla u-Biden athatha isikhundla.
Ayingobantu baseIran okanye abantu baseMelika abaye bancedwa kakuhle kukuvuma kukaBiden ukwamkela umgaqo-nkqubo we-Iran kaTrump njengenye indlela eyamkelekileyo kweka-Obama, nokuba yinto yethutyana yezopolitiko. Ukuvumela ukulahlwa kukaTrump kwisivumelwano sika-Obama ukuba sime njengomgaqo-nkqubo wexesha elide wase-US kuya kuba kukungcatsha okukhulu ngakumbi kokulungileyo kunye nokholo oluhle lwabantu macala onke, amaMelika, amahlakani kunye neentshaba ngokufanayo.
Umnumzana Biden kunye nabacebisi bakhe ngoku kufuneka bajongane neziphumo zesikhundla sokucinga kwabo kunye nokudinwa kwabo kubangenisileyo, kwaye kufuneka benze isigqibo sokwenyani nesinzulu sezopolitiko sokubuyela kwi-JCPOA kwiintsuku okanye iiveki.
UMedea uBenjamin ungumcebisi CODEPINK yoxolo, kunye nombhali weencwadi ezininzi, kubandakanya Ngaphakathi kwe-Iran: Imbali Yembali kunye nezopolitiko zeRiphabhliki yase-Iran.
UNicolas JS Davies yintatheli ezimeleyo, umphandi nge-CODEPINK kunye nombhali we Igazi Ngezandla Zethu: Ukumenywa kweMelika kunye nokubhujiswa kweIraq.
