IHroshima

NguDavid Swanson
Iingxelo Isikhumbuzo saseHiroshima-Nagasaki kwi-Peace Garden eLake Harriet, eMinneapolis, Minn., Agasti 6, 2017

Enkosi ngokumema ukuba ndithethe apha. Ndiyabulela kwaye ndiwongekile, kodwa ayisiyonto ilula leyo. Ndithethile kumabonwakude nakwizihlwele ezikhulu nakwizibhengezo ezinkulu ezibalulekileyo, kodwa apha undicela ukuba ndithethe kumakhulu amawaka eziporho kunye neebhiliyoni zeziporho zilindile. Ukucinga ngalo mbandela ngobulumko kufuneka sibagcine bonke engqondweni, kunye nabo bazama ukuthintela uHiroshima noNagasaki, abo basindileyo, abo baxelayo, abo bazinyanzela ukuba bakhumbule kaninzi-ninzi ukuze bafundise abanye.

Mhlawumbi kunzima ngakumbi ukucinga ngalabo baphuthuma ukwenza bonke abo babulawa kunye nokulimala kwenzeke okanye bahamba ngokungaqinisekanga, kunye nabo benza okufanayo namhlanje. Abantu abahle. Abantu abahloniphekileyo. Abantu bafana nawe. Abantu abangaxhaphazi abantwana babo okanye izilwanyana zabo. Abantu mhlawumbi bathanda umlawuli we-US Pacific Fleet owacelwa ngeveki ephelileyo ukuba uya kuhlasela iChina ukuba uMongameli uTrump wamyalele. Impendulo yakhe yayinomgaqo-siseko kwaye eqikelelweyo ewe, uya kuthobela imiyalelo.

Ukuba abantu abayithobeli imiyalelo, ihlabathi liyawa. Ke ngoko umntu kufuneka athobele ii-odolo kwanaxa beqhekeza umhlaba-nokuba zii-odolo ezingekho mthethweni, ii-odolo ezophula i-UN Charter, imiyalelo engayikhathaleliyo iKellogg-Briand Pact, eyalela ukuba kubhujiswe ngonaphakade bonke ubukho okanye imemori yazo zonke iinkumbulo ezintle zobuntwana kunye nawo wonke umntwana .

Ngokwahlukileyo, uJeremy Corbyn, intloko yeQumrhu lezabasebenzi e-UK, kunye nongunkulumbuso olandelayo ukuba uqhubeka ngokuqhubeka, uthe wayengeke asebenzise izixhobo zenukliya. Wayegxeka kakhulu ngenxa yokuba engenangqiqo.

Singakwazi kwaye kufuneka siziphelise izixhobo zenyukliya ebusweni bomhlaba ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziswe ngabom okanye ngengozi. Abanye babo bangamawaka aphindwe kabini koko kwawa eJapan. Inani elincinci lazo linokudala ubusika benyukliya obulambisa indlala kuthi. Ukwanda kwabo kunye nesiqhelo kuqinisekisa ukuba ithamsanqa lethu liyakuphela ukuba asizisusi. IiNukes ziye zamiselwa ngengozi eArkansas kwaye ngempazamo zehla eMantla Carolina. (UJohn Oliver uthe ungakhathazeki, yiyo loo nto sinoBABINI uCarolinas). Uluhlu lokuphoswa kufutshane kunye nokungaqondani kuyothusa.

Amanyathelo afana nomnqophiso omtsha ohanjiswe uninzi lwamazwe ehlabathi ukuphelisa ukubanakho kwezixhobo zenyukliya kufuneka kusetyenzwe ngayo yonke into esinayo, kwaye kulandele umkhankaso wokwahlula yonke imali, nokwandisa inkqubo kumandla enyukliya kunye ne-uranium ephelileyo.

Kodwa ukuzisa iintlanga zenyukliya, kwaye ngokukodwa esikumi kulo, kuya kuba yintsipho enkulu, kwaye kungenakunceda ngaphandle kokuba sithathe amanyathelo ngokubhekiselele kwezi zixhobo ezigqithisileyo ngoku zikhutshwe kodwa malunga neziko lemfazwe ngokwazo. UMikhail Gorbachev uthi ngaphandle kokuba iUnited States isalathise ubugwenxa kunye nokulawulwa kwezempi kunye neentlanga ezingezizo zenyukliya, ezinye iintlanga aziyi kulahlela imikhosi yenyukliya ekholelwa ukuba ziyabakhusela ekuhlaselweni. Kukho isizathu sokuba abaninzi ababukeleyo babone izigwebo zakutsha ngokutsha kwiRashiya, eNyakatho Korea, nase-Iran njengengqangi yokulwa ne-Iran, kungekhona kwezinye ezimbini.

Le ngcamango yemfazwe, kunye neengalo kunye nee-arhente zemfazwe, ezigweba uJeremy Corbyn ngelixa zibetha indoda ebiza ngokungathobeli umyalelo ongekho mthethweni. Omnye uyazibuza ukuba ngaba amajoni alungileyo kunye nabanqwelisi basemzimbeni bajonga uVasili Alexandrovich Arkhipov njengenqabileyo okanye iqhawe. Wayenjalo igosa le-Soviet Navy liye lavuma ukuqalisa izixhobo zenyukliya ngexesha leengxaki ze-missile ye-missile, ngokuqinisekileyo ukugcina ihlabathi. Njengolonwabo njengoko sinokufumana onke amanga kunye nokunyaniseka kunye nedemoni ejoliswe eRashiya ngabaphathi bethu abakhethiweyo nabangenakukhetha kunye neendawo zabo zokuzonwabisa, ndicinga ukuba ukubeka izifanekiso zeVasili Arkhipov kwiipaki zase-US ziza kuba luncedo ngakumbi. Mhlawumbi ecaleni kweemifanekiso zikaFrank Kellogg.

Ayisiyoyongcamango yemfazwe nje ekufuneka siyoyisile, kodwa kukuzimisela, ubuhlanga, ubuhlanga, isini, ukuthanda izinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokukholelwa kwilungelo lethu lokutshabalalisa iplanethi, nokuba kukusasazeka ngemitha okanye kukusetyenziswa kwepetroli. Kungenxa yoko le nto ndinamathandabuzo malunga nento efana noMatshi weSayensi. Andisayi kuva ngohambo lobulumko okanye i-rally yokuthobeka okanye umboniso wobubele. Saye saba ne-rally yeLutho, ngokuchasene neerali, ezilungiselelwe ngumntu ohlekisayo eWashington, DC, ngaphambi kokuba sibe nomboniso wezinye izizathu ezibalulekileyo.

Kukho umgca kwincwadi nakwimuvi ebhalwe nguCarl Sagan Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano Lowo ke umlinganiswa ophambili ufuna ukubuza ngenkqubela phambili kwezobuchwephesha ukuba baphumelele njani kwinqanaba "lokufikisa kwetekhnoloji" ngaphandle kokuzibhubhisa. Kodwa ayisiyiyo iteknoloji yokufikisa esikuyo. Itekhnoloji iya kuqhubeka ukuvelisa izixhobo ezinobungozi ngakumbi nangakumbi njengoko ixesha lihamba. Itekhnoloji ayizukuvuthwa kwaye iqale ukuvelisa izinto eziluncedo kuphela, kuba itekhnoloji ayingomntu. Oku kukufikisa okukuko. Sixhobisa abaphuli-mthetho ababongoza amapolisa ukuba aqhekeze iintloko kunye nabahlobo babo ukuba bahlasele abantu basetyhini, kwaye bazama ukusombulula iingxaki ngeendonga ezinkulu, ubuxoki obuphezulu, ukwala ukhathalelo lwempilo, kunye nokudubula rhoqo. abantu.

Okanye sixhobisa abalinganiswa bokumkani abakwishumi elivisayo abalingana nomongameli wase-US oya e-Hiroshima ngaphezulu konyaka ophelileyo kwaye wabhengeza ubuxoki ukuba "Izinto zakudala zisixelela ukuba ungquzulwano olunobundlobongela lwavela nomntu wokuqala," kwaye ngubani owasikhuthaza ukuba siziyeke emfazweni ngokusisigxina ngala mazwi: "Asinako ukubaphelisa abantu amandla okwenza ububi, ke izizwe kunye nezivumelwano esizenzayo kufuneka zibe neendlela zokuzikhusela."

Sekunjalo isizwe esinobukhosi esinamandla asizuzi nto ikhuselayo kwi-nukes. Abavumi ukuhlaselwa ngabamagorha ngabasemagqabini abangekho ngandlela-thile. Akunakongeza i-iota kumandla amabutho ase-US okuvimbela iintlanga ekuhlaseleni, enikwe amandla eMelika ukuba atshabalalise nayiphi na indawo nayiphi na izihlandlo ezingekho zixhobo zenuzi. Kwakhona abawunqobe iimfazwe, kwaye iUnited States, i-Soviet Union, i-United Kingdom, iFransi ne-China yonke ilahlekelwe yimfazwe emelene nemimandla engeyiyo yenyukliya ngelixa iphethe i-nukes. Kananjalo, xa kwenzeka imfazwe yenyukliya yehlabathi, unako naziphi na izixhobo ezikhuselekileyo ezikhusela iUnited States nayiphi na indlela ukusuka ku-apocalypse.

Sifanele sisebenze ekupheliseni izixhobo zenuzi, uMongameli uBarack Obama uthe ePrague naseHiroshima, kodwa wathi, mhlawumbi kungekho ebomini bakhe. Asinakukhetha kodwa ukumbonisa ukungalunganga malunga nelo xesha.

Kufuneka sivele ngaphandle kweenkokeli zethu ezisixelela ngezixhobo zenyukliya, kubandakanya nezikolo zethu ezibaxelela abantwana bethu ngeHiroshima neNagasaki. Kwiiveki ngaphambi kokuba ibhombu yokuqala iyekwe, iJapan yathumela i-telegraph kwiSoviet Union ivakalisa umnqweno wokunikezela kunye nokuphelisa imfazwe. I-United States yaphule iikhowudi zaseJapan kwaye yafunda itelegram. Kwidayari yakhe, uMongameli uHarry Truman wathetha “ngetelegram evela kuJap Emperor ecela uxolo.” IJapan yakuchasa ukunikezela kuphela ngaphandle kwemiqathango kwaye yancama umlawuli wayo, kodwa i-United States yanyanzelisa loo miqathango de kwaba emva kokuwa kweebhombu, ngelo xesha yavumela iJapan ukuba igcine umlawuli wayo.

Umcebisi kaMongameli uJames Byrnes uxelele uTruman ukuba ukulahla iibhombu kuya kuvumela i-United States ukuba "inyanzelise imigaqo yokuphelisa imfazwe." Unobhala woMkhosi waselwandle uJames Forrestal wabhala kwidayari yakhe ukuba u-Byrnes 'wayexhalabile kakhulu ukufumana amaJapan ngaphambi kokuba amaRussia angene.' Bafika kwangolo suku lunye uNagasaki watshatyalaliswa.

Uphando lwaseMelika lokuQhushumisa ngeBhombu luqukumbele ngelithi, “… ngokuqinisekileyo phambi komhla wama-31 kuDisemba, ngo-1945, nakuzo zonke izinto ezazinokwenzeka phambi komhla woku-1 kuNovemba, 1945, iJapan ngeyayezinikezele nokuba iibhombu zeatom zazingazange ziphoswe, nokuba iRashiya yayingazange imfazwe, nokuba akukhange kucetywe okanye kucatshangwe uhlaselo. ” Umntu ophikisayo owavakalisa le mbono inye kuNobhala Wezomkhosi ngaphambi kokuqhushumba yayingu-General Dwight Eisenhower. Usihlalo we-Joint Chiefs of Staff Admiral uWilliam D. Leahy uvumile: “Ukusetyenziswa kwesi sixhobo sikhohlakeleyo eHiroshima naseNagasaki akusincedi nganto kwimfazwe yethu neJapan. AmaJapan sele oyisiwe kwaye akulungele ukunikezela, utshilo.

I-United States kufuneka iyeke ukuxoka kuyo kwaye iqale ukukhokelela kugqatso lweengalo eziguqukayo. Oku kuyakufuna ukuthobeka, ukunyaniseka okunzulu, kunye nokuvuleleka kuvavanyo lwamazwe aphesheya. Kodwa njengoko uTad Daley ebhalile, “Ewe, uhlolo lwamazwe aphesheya apha lunokungenelela kulawulo lwethu. Kodwa ukufunyanwa kweebhombu zeatom apha kuya kuphazamisana nolawulo lwethu. Umbuzo kuphela ngulo, yeyiphi kwezi zinto zimbini singayithandiyo. ”