NguJohn LaForge, Uluhlu lwezahlulo, Septemba 20, 2020
Umthombo wefoto: antony_mayfield - CC BY 2.0
Sifuna ingxoxo ebanzi yoluntu … malunga nengqiqo kunye nobuvuvu bothintelo lwenyukliya.-URolf Mutzenich, iNkokeli yaseJamani yeDemocratic Party
Ukugxeka esidlangalaleni izixhobo zenyukliya zase-US ezithunyelwe eJamani ziye zaxubusha kwingxoxo-mpikiswano kwilizwe lonke kule ntwasahlobo nasehlotyeni kugxilwe kwiskim sempikiswano esaziwa njengoonozakuzaku.
URoland Hipp, umalathisi olawulayo weGreenpeace eJamani, wabhala wathi: “Isiphelo sale nxaxheba yenyukliya sithetha nje ngokunzulu njengokuba kwakunjalo, kwixesha elingekude kangako, ngokuphuma kumandla enyukliya,” wabhala watsho uRoland Hipp, umalathisi olawulayo weGreenpeace Germany, kwinqaku likaJuni kwiphephandaba iWelt.
Iziqhushumbisi zenyukliya ezingama-20 zase-US ezibekwe kwi-Büchel Air Base yaseJamani ziye zangathandwa, kangangokuba abezopolitiko abaphambili kunye neenkokeli zezenkolo bazimanye nemibutho echasene nemfazwe befuna ukugxothwa kwabo kwaye bathembise ukwenza izixhobo zibe ngumcimbi wephulo kunyulo lwesizwe lonyaka ozayo.
Ingxoxo kawonke-wonke yanamhlanje eJamani inokuthi iqhutywe yiPalamente yaseBelgium, eyathi nge-16 kaJanuwari yasondela ekugxothweni kwezixhobo zase-US ezimiswe kwi-airbase ye-Kleine Brogel. Ngevoti yama-74 ukuya kuma-66, amalungu akazange aloyise umlinganiselo owayalela urhulumente ukuba "ayile, ngokukhawuleza, imephu yendlela ejolise ekurhoxisweni kwezixhobo zenyukliya kumhlaba waseBelgian." Le ngxoxo iza emva kokuba ikomiti yepalamente yemicimbi yezangaphandle yamkele isindululo sokuba zombini ezi zixhobo zisuswe eBelgium, kunye nokuba ilizwe livunywe iSivumelwano seHlabathi sokuVinjwa kwezixhobo zeNyukliya.
Abenzi bomthetho baseBelgium basenokuba baye bacelwa ukuba baphinde baqwalasele “ukwabelana ngenyukliya” kukarhulumente, xa nge-20 kaFebruwari, 2019 amalungu amathathu ePalamente yaseYurophu abanjwa kwisiseko saseBelgium iKleine Brogel, emva kokuba bekhaliphe ucingo baphatha ibhanile ngqo kumgaqo weenqwelomoya.
IiJets zokuLwa ngokutsha zisetelwe ukuthwala iibhombu zase-US
Ukubuyela eJamani, umphathiswa wezokhuselo u-Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer wavusa isiphithiphithi nge-19 ka-Epreli emva kwengxelo e-Der Spiegel wathi wayethumele i-imeyile kumphathi wePentagon uMark Esper esithi iJamani iceba ukuthenga i-45 Boeing Corporation F-18 Super Hornets. Amagqabantshintshi akhe azisa isikhalo kwiBundestag kwaye umphathiswa walibuyisela ibango lakhe, exelela iintatheli nge-22 ka-Epreli, "Akukho sigqibo sithathiweyo (inqwelomoya eziya kukhethwa kuyo) kwaye, nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, inkonzo ayinakuthatha eso sigqibo-kuphela. ipalamente inakho.”
Kwiintsuku ezisithoba kamva, kudliwano-ndlebe neTagesspiegel yemihla ngemihla eyapapashwa ngomhla wesi-3 kuCanzibe, uRolf Mützenich, inkokeli yaseJamani kwipalamente yeSocial Democratic Party’s (SPD)—ilungu lomanyano olulawulayo luka-Angela Merkel—wenza isiqalekiso esicacileyo.
"Izixhobo zenyukliya kumhlaba waseJamani aziluphakamisi ukhuseleko lwethu, ngokuchaseneyo," ziyayijongela phantsi, kwaye kufuneka zisuswe, utshilo uMützenich, esongeza ukuba uyakuchasa "ukwandisa intatho-nxaxheba yenyukliya" kunye "nokutshintsha izixhobo zenyukliya zase-US. egcinwe eBüchel enezixhobo ezintsha zenyukliya.”
Ukukhankanywa kukaMützenich ngeentloko zemfazwe “ezintsha” kubhekiswa kulwakhiwo lwase-US lwamakhulukhulu eebhombu zenyukliya “ezikhokelweyo” zokuqala—i-B61-12s—eziza kusiwa kumazwe amahlanu e-NATO kule minyaka izayo, ithatha indawo I-B61-3s, 4s, kunye ne-11s kuthiwa imiswe eYurophu ngoku.
Umongameli we-SPD uNorbert Walter-Borjähn ngokukhawuleza wavuma isitatimende sikaMützenich, evuma ukuba iibhombu zase-US kufuneka zihoxiswe, kwaye bobabini bagxekwa ngokukhawuleza nguMphathiswa Wezangaphandle u-Heiko Mass, ngoonozakuzaku base-US eYurophu, kunye noNobhala Jikelele we-NATO uJens Stoltenberg ngokuthe ngqo.
Elindele ukubuyela umva, uMützenich wapapasha ukhuselo oluneenkcukacha ngesikhundla sakhe ngoMeyi 7 kwiJournal yePolitiki yeHlabathi kunye noMbutho, [1] apho wabiza “ingxoxo-mpikiswano malunga nekamva lokwabelana ngenyukliya kunye nombuzo wokuba izixhobo zenyukliya ze-US zimisiwe. eJamani naseYurophu zonyusa inqanaba lokhuseleko eJamani naseYurophu, okanye mhlawumbi ziphelelwe lixesha ngoku ngokwembono yomgaqo-nkqubo womkhosi nokhuseleko.
"Sifuna ingxoxo ebanzi yoluntu ... malunga nengqiqo kunye nobuvuvu bokuthintela inyukliya," wabhala uMützenich.
I-NATO's Stoltenberg yabhala ngokukhawuleza ukuchasa kwi-11 kaMeyi iFrankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, isebenzisa imisonto eneminyaka engama-50 malunga "nobundlobongela baseRussia" kwaye ibango lokuba ukwabelana ngenyukliya kuthetha "amahlakani, njengeJamani, ukwenza izigqibo ngokudibeneyo kumgaqo-nkqubo wenyukliya kunye nokucwangcisa ..., kwaye" inika [amahlakani] ilizwi kwimiba yenyukliya ebengayi kuba nayo.”
Oku akuyonyani ngokupheleleyo, njengoko uMutzenich wacacisa kwiphepha lakhe, eyibiza ngokuba "yintsomi" yokuba isicwangciso senyukliya se-Pentagon siphenjelelwa ngamahlakani ase-US. “Akukho mpembelelo okanye intetho yamagunya angeyiyo eyenyukliya kwisicwangciso senyukliya okanye kusetyenziso olunokwenzeka lwenyukliya [izixhobo]. Oku akuyonto ngaphandle komnqweno wobuthixo ekudala ukho,” ubhale watsho.
Uninzi lohlaselo lwenkokeli ye-SPF luvakala ngathi lulo lwangoMeyi 14 owayevela ngelo xesha ummeli wase-US eJamani uRichard Grenell, owathi kwiphephandaba uDe Welt wabongoza iJamani ukuba igcine i-US “ithintele” kwaye yabanga ukuba ukurhoxisa iibhombu kuya kuba sisithintelo. "Ukungcatshwa" kwezibophelelo ze-NATO zaseBerlin.
Emva koko unozakuzaku waseMelika ePoland uGeorgette Mosbacher uye wajikeleza nge-15 kaMeyi iposi ye-Twitter, ebhala ukuba "ukuba iJamani ifuna ukunciphisa amandla ayo okwabelana ngenyukliya ..., mhlawumbi iPoland, ezalisekisa ngokunyanisekileyo uxanduva lwayo ... Isiphakamiso sikaMosbacher sahlekwa ngokubanzi njengento engenamsebenzi ngenxa yokuba iSivumelwano sokuNgeniswa kweSivumelwano siyakwalela ukudluliselwa kwezixhobo zenyukliya, kwaye ngenxa yokuba ukumisa iibhombu zenyukliya zase-US kumda waseRussia kuya kuba sisiqhushumbisi esiyingozi.
Izizwe ze-NATO "zokwabelana ngenyukliya" azinalizwi ekuwiseni iibhombu ze-US ze-H
Nge-30 kaMeyi, i-Archive yeSizwe yoKhuseleko eWashington, DC, yaqinisekisa isikhundla sikaMützenich kwaye yabeka ubuxoki kwi-disinformation ka-Stoltenberg, ikhupha i-memo yeSebe leSizwe "eyimfihlo" eqinisekisa ukuba i-US iya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba isebenzise izixhobo zayo zenyukliya ezisekelwe eHolland. , eJamani, eItali, eTurkey naseBelgium.
Ukuhlaziswa kwezixhobo zenyukliya eBüchel kutshanje kuye kwavela kwiinkokeli zecawa ezikwizikhundla eziphezulu. Kummandla onzulu wonqulo waseRhineland-Pfalz kwisiseko somoya, oobhishophu baqalisile ukufuna ukuba kurhoxiswe ezo bhombu. UBhishophu wamaKatolika uStephan Ackermann waseTrier wathetha ngokubhangisa inyukliya kufuphi nesiseko kwi-2017; uMtyunjwa woXolo weCawa yamaLuthere eJamani, uRenke Brahms, uthethe noqhanqalazo olukhulu apho ngo-2018; UBhishophu wamaLuthere uMargo Kassmann uthethe kwindibano yonyaka yoxolo yecawe apho ngoJulayi ka-2019; yaye ngalo Agasti 6, uBhishophu wamaKatolika uPeter Kohlgraf, okhokela iqela laseJamani lePax Christi, wakhuthaza ukuthotywa kwezixhobo zenyukliya kwisixeko esikufuphi saseMainz.
Ipetroli eyongezelelekileyo ivuse ingxoxo ephezulu yenyukliya kunye nopapasho lwe-20 kaJuni yeLeta eVulekileyo eya kubaqhubi beenqwelomoya baseJamani eBüchel, esayinwe ngabantu be-127 kunye nemibutho ye-18, ebabiza ukuba "baphelise ukubandakanyeka ngokuthe ngqo" kuqeqesho lwabo lwemfazwe yenyukliya, kwaye ebakhumbuza ukuba "imiyalelo engekho mthethweni ayinakunikwa okanye ithotyelwe."
“Isibheno kubaqhubi beTornado be-Tactical Air Force Wing 33 kwisiza sebhombu yenyukliya yaseBüchel ukuba bangavumi ukuba nenxaxheba ekwabelweni kwenyukliya” sagubungela ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sephepha lephephandaba lengingqi iRhein-Zeitung, elizinze eKoblenz.
Isibheno, esisekwe kwizivumelwano ezibophelelayo zamazwe ngamazwe ezithintela ukucwangciswa komkhosi wokutshabalalisa abantu abaninzi, ngaphambili sasithunyelwe kuColonel Thomas Schneider, umphathi wabaqhubi be-33rd Tactical Air Force Wing kwisikhululo somoya saseBüchel.
Isibheno sibongoze abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ukuba banqabe imiyalelo engekho mthethweni kwaye beme phantsi: “[T] ukusebenzisa izixhobo zenyukliya akukho mthethweni phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kunye nomgaqo-siseko. Oku kukwakwenza ukuba ukubanjwa kweebhombu zenyukliya kunye nawo onke amalungiselelo axhasayo okusasazwa kwazo okunokubakho ngokungekho mthethweni. Imiyalelo engekho mthethweni ayinakunikwa okanye ithotyelwe. Siyakubongoza ukuba uchaze kubaphathi bakho ukuba awusafuni ukuthatha inxaxheba ekuxhaseni ukwabelana ngenyukliya ngezizathu zesazela.”
IGreepeace iJamani inyuse ibhaluni yomyalezo ngaphandle nje kwesiseko somkhosi womoya waseBüchel eJamani (esithombeni ngasemva), ijoyina iphulo lokugxotha izixhobo zenyukliya zase-US ezimiswe apho.
U-Roland Hipp, u-co-director we-Greenpeace Germany, kwi-"Indlela iJamani ezenza ngayo into ekujoliswe kuyo kuhlaselo lwenyukliya" epapashwe kwi-Welt Juni 26, yaphawula ukuba ukungahambi ngenyukliya ngumgaqo ongekho ngaphandle kwe-NATO. “Sele kukho amazwe [ama-25 kwangama-30] ngaphakathi kwe-NATO angenazo izixhobo zenyukliya zase-US kwaye angazibandakanyi kwinxaxheba yenyukliya,” ubhale watsho uHipp.
NgoJulayi, ingxoxo-mpikiswano yayigxile kwinkcitho enkulu yezemali yokutshintsha ijethi yokulwa yeTornado yaseJamani ngokuthwala ibhombu ye-H entsha ngexesha leentlekele ezininzi zehlabathi.
UGqr. Angelika Claussen, ugqirha wengqondo usekela mongameli we-International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, wabhala kwi-6 kaJulayi ethumela ukuba "[A] ukwakhiwa komkhosi okubalulekileyo ngamaxesha obhubhani we-coronavirus kubonwa njengehlazo yiJamani. uluntu … Ukuthenga iziqhushumbisi zenyukliya ze-F-45 ezingama-18 kuthetha ukuchitha [malunga] ne-7.5 yeebhiliyoni zee-Euro. Ngale mali umntu unokuhlawula oogqirha abangama-25,000 kunye nabongikazi abangama-60,000 ngonyaka, iibhedi ezingama-100,000 zokhathalelo olunzima kunye nezixhobo zokuphefumla ezingama-30,000. ”
Amanani kaDkt Claussen angqiniswanga yingxelo ye-29 kaJulayi ka-Otfried Nassauer kunye no-Ulrich Scholz, abahlalutyi bezempi kunye ne-Berlin Information Centre yoKhuseleko lweTransatlantic. Uphononongo lufumene iindleko zeejethi zokulwa ze-45 F-18 ezivela kwi-US izixhobo ze-Boeing Corp. ingaba "ubuncinci" phakathi kwe-7.67 kunye ne-8.77 yezigidigidi zee-Euro, okanye phakathi kwe-9 kunye ne-10.4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola-okanye malunga ne-222 yezigidigidi nganye.
Intlawulo yaseJamani enokubakho kwi-10 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwi-Boeing nge-F-18s yitsheri efunwa ngumxhasi wemfazwe. Umphathiswa wezoKhuselo waseJamani uKramp-Karrenbauer uthe urhulumente wakhe ukwajonge ukuthenga ii-Eurofighters ezingama-93, ezenziwe yi-Airbus esekwe kumazwe ngamazwe e-France, ngexabiso elilinganayo le-9.85 yeebhiliyoni zeedola-i-111 yezigidi zeedola-zonke ezithatha indawo yeTornadoes ngo-2030.
Ngo-Agasti, inkokeli yeSPD uMützenich wathembisa ukwenza "ukwabelana" kwezixhobo zenyukliya zase-US ibe ngumcimbi wonyulo luka-2021, exelela i-Suddeutsche Zeitung yemihla ngemihla, "Ndiqinisekile ukuba ukuba sibuza lo mbuzo kwinkqubo yonyulo, impendulo ibonakala ngokucacileyo ... . [Si]za kuqhubeka nalo nyaka uzayo.”
