by Iindaba ze-CO-OP, Septemba 17, 2021
U-Ernst Friedrich (1894-1967)
U-Ernst Friedrich, umseki weMyuziyam yokulwa iMfazwe eBerlin, wazalwa nge-25 kaFebruwari 1894 eBreslau. Sele kwiminyaka yakhe yokuqala wayezibandakanya kwimidlalo yolutsha. Ngo-1911, emva kokuyeka ukufunda njengomshicileli, waba lilungu le-Social Democratic Party (SPD). Ngo-1916 wajoyina ulutsha lwabasebenzi abachasene nomkhosi kwaye wagwetywa ejele emva kwesenzo sokonakalisa kwinkampani ebaluleke emkhosini.
Njengomntu ohamba phambili »ulutsha olungenantlonelo« walwa nokulwa ubukhosi kunye nemfazwe, ngokuchasene nesenzo esingenasihlahla samapolisa kunye nobulungisa. Ngo-1919 wathatha indawo yeziko lolutsha le-»Socialist Youth Youth« (FSJ) eBerlin kwaye yajika yaba yindawo yokudibanisa ulutsha oluchasayo kunye nabaculi bokuguqula.
Ngaphandle kokuququzelela imiboniso wayehamba eJamani kwaye wanika iintetho esidlangalaleni efunda ngokuchasene nemikhosi kunye nenkululeko yababhali abanjengoErich Mühsam, uMaxim Gorki, uFjodor Dostojewski noLeo Tolstoi.
Kwiminyaka yamashumi amabini u-Ernst Friedrich owayeseluxolweni wayesele esaziwa kakhulu ngencwadi yakhe »Imfazwe nxamnye neMfazwe!« Xa wayevula i-Anti-War Museum yakhe e-29, kwisitalato i-Parochial. Imyuziyam yaba liziko lemicimbi yenkcubeko kunye ne-pacifist de yatshatyalaliswa ngamaNazi ngo-Matshi 1933 kwaye umsunguli wayo wabanjwa.
Incwadi kaFriedrich »Imfazwe ngokuchasene neMfazwe!« (1924) yincwadi yemifanekiso eyothusayo ebhala izinto ezoyikisayo zeMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala. Kwamenza waba ngumntu owaziwayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweJamani. Ngenxa yomnikelo wakwazi ukuthenga isakhiwo esidala eBerlin apho waseka khona iMyuziyam yokuqala yaMazwe ngaMazwe yokuLwa neMfazwe «.
Emva kokuba sele esentolongweni phambi kokuba uFriedrich onakale ngokwezimali xa waphinda wagwetywa ngo-1930.
Ngo-Matshi 1933 amajoni amaNazi, abizwa ngokuba yi-SA, atshabalalisa i-Anti-War Museum kwaye uFriedrich wabanjwa de kwaphela loo nyaka. Emva koko yena nosapho bakhe bafudukela eBelgium, apho wavula khona »II. Imyuziyam yoLwaphulo-mthetho. Xa umkhosi waseJamani wangena wangena kwi-Resistance yaseFransi. Emva kokukhululwa kweFrance waba ngummi waseFrance kunye nelungu leqela leSocialist.
Ngentlawulo yembuyekezo awayifumana eJamani uFriedrich wakwazi ukuthenga isiqwenga somhlaba kufutshane neParis, apho waseka khona oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-Ile de la Paix «, iziko loxolo kunye nokuqonda kwamazwe aphesheya apho amaqela olutsha lwaseJamani nolwamaFrentshi angadibana khona. Ngo-1967 u-Ernst Friedrich wasweleka eLe Perreux sur Marne.
Imyuziyam yanamhlanje yokulwa iMfazwe ikhumbula u-Ernst Friedrich kunye nebali lemyuziyam yakhe ngeetshathi, izilayidi kunye neefilimu.
https://www.anti-kriegs-museum.de/english/start1.html
I-Anti-Kriegs-iMyuziyam eV
Umqambi Str. 21
I-D-13353 Berlin
Ifowuni: 0049 030 45 49 01 10
vula yonke imihla nge-16.00 - 20.00 (nangeeCawa nangeeholide)
Ukutyelela amaqela kutsalela umnxeba kwakhona ku-0049 030 402 86 91
