Ukulimala kwendalo lulwaphulo-mthetho emfazweni, izazinzulu zitsho

Le leta, enesihloko esithi, “Nqanda iiNgxwabangxwaba zoMkhosi ekuLahleni iNdawo,” icela iKomishoni yoMthetho yaMazwe ngaMazwe yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ukuba yamkele iNgqungquthela yeSihlanu yaseGeneva xa idibana ekupheleni kwale nyanga. Iqela le-UN licwangciselwe ukubamba intlanganiso ngenjongo yokwakha kwi Imithetho-siseko engama-28 esele iyiqulunqile ukukhusela okusingqongileyo kunye nomhlaba ongcwele kubantu bomthonyama, ngokutsho Guardian.

Ukonakaliswa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo ngexesha lomlo womkhosi kufuneka kuthathwe njengolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe ngokuhambelana nokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, zithi izazinzulu. Ukuba iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ziyawamkela amacebiso azo, imigaqo iya kuquka imilinganiselo yokubamba oorhulumente baphendule ngomonakalo owenziwe yimikhosi yabo, kunye nomthetho wokuthintela urhwebo lwezixhobo lwamazwe ngamazwe.

“Sicela oorhulumente ukuba babandakanye izikhuselo ezicacileyo eziphilayo, nokusebenzisa izindululo zekomishoni ukuze ekugqibeleni kunikezelwe iNgqungquthela yeSihlanu yaseGeneva yokuxhasa ukukhuselwa kwendalo ngexesha lokujongana ngezikhondo zamehlo,” ifundeka ngolu hlobo le leta.

Okwangoku, ezine ekhoyo IiNgqungquthela zaseGeneva kunye nemigaqo yazo emithathu eyongezelelweyo yimigangatho evunyiweyo yehlabathi efakwe kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Iyalela impatho yobuntu kumajoni enzakeleyo ebaleni, amajoni aphukelwe yinqanawa elwandle, amabanjwa emfazwe, kunye nabemi ngexesha leemfazwe. Ukwaphula izivumelwano kufana nolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe, njengoko Iindoda eziqhelekileyo ingxelo.

“Nangona kufunwa indibano yesihlanu kumashumi amabini eminyaka eyadlulayo, ungquzulwano lwasemkhosini lusaqhubeka lutshabalalisa i-megafauna, lutyhalela phambili nokuphela kwezilwanyana, kunye netyhefu. amanzi izibonelelo,” ifundeka ngolu hlobo le leta. “Ukujikeleziswa kwezixhobo okungalawulekiyo kuyenza mandundu imeko, umzekelo ngokuqhuba ukuzingela ngokungazinzanga. Zasendle. "

USarah M. Durant weZoological Society yaseLondon kunye noJosé C. Brito weYunivesithi yasePorto ePortugal babhala ileta. Abanye abasayinileyo abangama-22, uninzi lwabo bevela eAfrika naseYurophu, banxulumana nemibutho namaziko aseYiputa, eFransi, eMauritania, eMorocco, eNiger, eLibya, ePortugal, eSpain, eUnited Kingdom, eHong Kong naseUnited States.

"Imfazwe ekhohlakeleyo kwindalo yendalo ibhalwe kakuhle, itshabalalisa ubomi boluntu olusesichengeni kwaye iqhuba iintlobo ezininzi, esele iphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu, ekuphelisweni," utshilo uDurant, njengoko Guardian ingxelo. “Sinethemba lokuba oorhulumente kwihlabathi liphela baya kulufaka olu khuseleko kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Oku akuyi kunceda nje ukukhusela izilwanyana ezisesichengeni, kodwa kuya kuxhasa uluntu lwasemaphandleni, ngexesha nasemva kongquzulwano, abaphila ubomi bomonakalo wexesha elide wokutshatyalaliswa kwendalo.

Umbono wokongeza ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kwiNgqungquthela yaseGeneva waqala wavela ngexesha lemfazwe yaseVietnam xa umkhosi wase-US wasebenzisa isixa esikhulu se-Agent Orange ukususa izigidi zeehektare. amahlathi ebezineziphumo ezibi zexesha elide kwimpilo yabantu, kwizilwanyana zasendle kunye umhlaba umgangatho. Sebenza kumbono owathathwa ngokunyanisekileyo kwiminyaka yoo-90s xa i-Iraq yatshisa imithombo yeoli ye-Kuwaiti kwaye i-US yadubula iibhombu kunye nemijukujelwa nge-uranium ephelelweyo, eyayityhefa umhlaba kunye namanzi ase-Iraq, njengoko. Iindoda eziqhelekileyo ingxelo.

The iziphumo zongquzulwano ingqinwe kutsha nje kwingingqi yeSahara-Sahel, apho iingwenkala, amabhadi kunye nezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ziye zafumana ilahleko ekhawulezileyo yabemi ngenxa yokusasazeka kwemipu kulandela imfazwe yamakhaya yaseLibya. Iingxabano eMali naseSudan ziye zahambelana nokunyuka kokubulawa kweendlovu, njengoko Guardian ingxelo.

"Iimpembelelo zongquzulwano oluxhobileyo zibangela uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kwizilwanyana zasendle ezisemngciphekweni ukusuka kuMbindi Mpuma nakumantla Afrika," utshilo uBrito. Guardian. “Ukuzinikela kwihlabathi kuyafuneka ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphela kwezilwanyana zasentlango ezifuziselayo kule minyaka ilishumi izayo.”