Ekupheleni kwe-1980, i-Soviet Union yafumanisa ukuba ibonakalise ubutyebi bayo ngokuchitha imali eninzi kwimpi. Ngethuba lokutyelela kwe-1987 e-United States kunye noMongameli Mikhail Gorbachev, uValentin Falin, intloko yeMososti ye-Press Agency, wathi into eveze le nkxwaleko yezoqoqosho ngelixa ikwazisa i-post-911 ngexesha eliza kubonakala kuzo zonke izixhobo ezingabizi unako ukungena entliziyweni yombuso olwa lixhoba kwi-trillion dollar ngonyaka. Uthe:

"Asiyi kuphinda siyikopishe [iUnited States], senze iiplani ukuba zibambe iiplani zakho, izibhamu zokubamba iimfono zakho. Siza kuthatha iindlela ezingaqhelekanga kunye nemigaqo entsha yesayensi ekhoyo kuthi. Ubunjineli be-Genetic bungaba ngumzekelo wokucinga. Izinto ezinokuthi zenzelwe ukuba nawuphi na umgca onokufumana ukukhuselwa okanye amanyathelo okunciphisa, kunye neziphumo ezinobungozi. Ukuba uhlakulela into kwindawo, siyakhula into ethile emhlabeni. La akukhona nje amagama. Ndiyazi into endiyithethayo. "

Kwaye kwakungasekho ixesha elide kwi-Soviet economy. Kwaye into engaqhelekanga kukuba wonke umntu waseWashington, DC, uyaziqonda kwaye aze azixubise, ahlawule nayiphi na enye into ekupheliseni kweSoviet Union. Sasibaphoqa ukuba bakhe izixhobo ezininzi, kwaye babatshabalalisa. Oku kuqondwa ngokuqhelekileyo kurhulumente ngoku oqhubekayo ukwakha izixhobo ezininzi ezininzi, ngelixa lixesha elifanayo litshitshisa zonke iimpawu zentshukumo ezayo.

Imfazwe, kunye nokulungelelwa kwemfazwe, yindleko yethu enkulu yeyona mali kunye neyona nto ilahlekileyo. Ukutya uqoqosho lwethu ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Kodwa njengokuba uqoqosho olungabikho kwezobukhosi luyehla, uqoqosho olusalayo olusekelwe kumsebenzi wempi lukhulu. Siyicinga ukuba impi yindawo eqaqambileyo kwaye sifuna ukugxila ekulungiseni yonke into.

"Iidolophu ZaseMasta Zivuyela Iibhobho Ezinkulu," sifunda isihloko se-USA Today ngo-Agasti 17, 2010. "Ukuhlawula nokuNceda ukuKhula kweeNdawo zeDrive." Nangona uchitha imali kawonkewonke kunoma yintoni enye ngaphandle kokubulala abantu ngokuqhelekileyo iya kuhlanjululwa njengentlalo-ntlalo, kule nkcazo loo nkcazo ayinakusetyenziswa ngenxa yokuba imali yenziwa ngumkhosi. Ngoko oko kwakubonakala ngathi kufakwe isiliva yesiliva ngaphandle kokuthinta imvi:

"Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza ukuhlawula kunye neenzuzo kwimikhosi exhobileyo kuye kwaphakamisa iidolophu ezininzi zemikhosi kwiindawo ezihlambulukileyo zelizwe, i-USA TODAY analysis analysis.

"Idolophu yaseMarines 'Camp Lejeune - Jacksonville, NC - yanyuka kwi-32nd ephezulu ngeniso ngomntu ngamnye kwi-2009 phakathi kweendawo zeedolophu ze-366 zase-US, ngokutsho kwedata ye-Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). Kwi-2000, ibekwe kwi-287th.

Indawo yaseMacksonville, kunye nenani le-173,064, inomvuzo ophezulu kumntu ngamnye weyonke indawo yaseNorth Carolina kwi-2009. Kwi-2000, ibekwe kwi-13th yeendawo ze-14 kwimimandla kwilizwe.

Uhlalutyo lwe-USA namhlanje lufumanisa ukuba i-16 yeemitha ze-20 ziphakama ngokukhawuleza kwi-rankings engenayo kwi-quarter-income revenue since 2000 yayineziseko zemikhosi okanye esinye esiseduze. . . .

". . . Ukuhlawula kunye neenzuzo emkhosini zikhule ngokukhawuleza kunezo naziphi na ezinye iindawo zoqoqosho. Amasolwandle, oomkhombe kunye neeMarines bafumana umvuzo oqhelekileyo we-122,263 ngomntu ngamnye kwi-2009, ukusuka kwi-$ 58,545 kwi-2000. . . .

". . . Emva kokulungelelanisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, imbuyekezo yemikhosi yasuka i-84 yeepesenti ukusuka kwi-2000 nge-2009. Ukuhlawulelwa kwabangela ipesenti ze-37 kubasebenzi baseburhulumenteni abasemagunyeni kunye neepesenti ze-9 kubasebenzi bamacandelo abucala, iingxelo ze-BEA. . . . "

Kulungile, ngoko abanye bethu banokukhetha ukuba imali yokuhlawula kakuhle kunye neenzuzo eziya kwiindawo ezivelisayo, ezinokuthula, kodwa ubuncinci kuya kwindawo ethile, kunene? Kungcono kunanto, kunene?

Enyanisweni, kubi ngakumbi kunanto. Ukungaphumeleli ukuchitha loo mali kwaye kunoko ukusika iirhafu kunokudala imisebenzi emininzi kunokutyhala imali emkhosini. Ukutshala imali kumashishini ancedo njengothutho oluninzi okanye imfundo iza kuba nempembelelo enamandla kwaye yenze imisebenzi emininzi. Kodwa akukho nto, nokuba ihlawule irhafu, ayiyi kuba yingozi nakakhulu kunokusetyenziswa kwezempi.

Ewe, yingozi. Umsebenzi wonke wemikhosi, wonke umsebenzi wezoshishino, yonke imisebenzi yokuvuselela imfazwe, yonke imisebenzi yokucebisana nokuxhatshazwa ngamagosa okanye intlupheko yinto efana nayo yonke imfazwe. Kubonakala ngathi ngumsebenzi, kodwa akuwona umsebenzi. Kukungabikho kwemisebenzi engaphezulu kunye engcono. Imali kawonke-wonke yatshatyalaliswa kwinto engakumbi ekudalweni kwemisebenzi kunanto nakweyimbi kakhulu kunezinye iindlela ezikhoyo.

URobert Pollin noHeidi Garrett-Peltier, we-Political Research Institute, baye baqokelela idatha. Imali nganye yeebhiliyoni zeerhafu zorhulumente ezityalwe kwimikhosi yempi zenza imisebenzi ye-12,000. Ukutshala imali endaweni yokuhlawula irhafu yokusetyenziswa komntu siqu kudala malunga nemisebenzi ye-15,000. Kodwa ukuyibeka ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kusinikeza imisebenzi ye-18,000, ekuhlaleni ekhaya kunye neziseko kunye nemisebenzi ye-18,000, kwimisebenzi ye-25,000 yemisebenzi, kunye nemisebenzi enkulu ye-27,700. Kwimfundo umvuzo omyinge kunye neenzuzo zeemisebenzi ze-25,000 ezidalwe ziphezulu kakhulu kunemisebenzi ye-12,000 yempi. Kweminye imimandla, umvuzo omyinge kunye neenzuzo ezidalwe ziphantsi kunezempi (ubuncinci ngokukhawuleza nje kuphela ukuba iingeniso zemali ziqwalaselwa), kodwa impembelelo enomthamo omkhulu kuqoqosho ngenxa yemisebenzi emininzi. Ikhetho lokunciphisa irhafu alinayo impembelelo enkulu enetha, kodwa idala imisebenzi engaphezulu kwe-3,000 ngeebhiliyoni ezigidi.

Kukho inkolelo evanayo yokuba ukusetyenziswa kweMfazwe yehlabathi II kwaphelisa ukuCaluleka okukhulu. Oko kubonakala kude kakhulu ukusuka kucacileyo, kwaye i-economists ayivumelani nayo. Oko ndicinga ukuba singathetha ngokuzithemba kukuba, okokuqala, ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwempi yeMfazwe yehlabathi II kuncinci kwakungazange kuthintele ukubuyisela kwi-Depression Great, kwaye okwesibini, ukuba amanqanaba afanayo okuchitha imali kwamanye amashishini aya kuphucula ukuba abuyele.

Siya kuba nemisebenzi emininzi kwaye babeza kuhlawula ngaphezulu, kwaye siza kuba neengqiqo kunye noxolo xa sithele imali kwimfundo kunokuba imfazwe. Kodwa ngaba loo nto ibonisa ukuba ukuchitha imali yempi kubhubhisa uqoqosho lwethu? Ewe, cinga le sifundo kwimbali yomva emva kwemfazwe. Ukuba unemisebenzi ephakamileyo yemfundo ehlawulwayo kunokuba ube ngumsebenzi wezempi ophantsi okanye awukho msebenzi kuwo onke, abantwana bakho banokufumana imfundo esemgangathweni yemfundo ukuba umsebenzi wakho kunye nemisebenzi yabasebenzi bakho inikezele. Ukuba asizange sichithe ngaphezu kwesahlulo sezimali zethu zokunikwa kwemali kwi-war, sinokufumana imfundo esemgangathweni ye-free from schooling to college. Singaba nezibonelelo ezininzi zokuguqula ubomi, kubandakanywa nokuthatha umhlala-phantsi, ikhefu, ixesha lokubazali, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kunye nokuthutha. Singaqinisekisela umsebenzi. Uza kwenza imali eninzi, usebenze iiyure ezimbalwa, kunye neendleko ezinciphise kakhulu. Ndingaqiniseka njani ukuba oku kunokwenzeka? Ngenxa yokuba ndiyazi imfihlo esoloko igcinwa kuthi ngamaphephandaba aseMelika: kukho ezinye iintlanga kule planethi.

Incwadi kaSteven Hill ethi IYurophu Isithembiso: Kutheni iNdlela YaseYurophu Yona Ithemba Elimnandi Kwixesha Elikhuselekileyo linomyalezo esifanele siwukhuthaze kakhulu. IYurophu Yomanyano (i-EU) yinkcubeko enkulu kunye noqoqosho olukhuphiswano oluninzi, kwaye abaninzi balabo bahlala kuyo banempilo, banempilo kwaye banolonwabo kunabo abaninzi baseMerika. Abantu baseYurophu basebenze iiyure ezimfutshane, banokuthetha ngokubanzi ngendlela abaqashi babo abaziphatha ngayo, bafumana ixesha lokuhlala ixesha elide kunye nekhefu lomzali elihlawuliweyo, banokuxhomekeka kwiipenshini ezihlawulwayo ezihlawulelweyo, banakho ukufumana unyango olukhululekile okanye olubi kakhulu olunzulu olukhuselekileyo kunye nolondolozo lwezempilo, banandipha iifundo ezikhululekile okanye ezingabizi kakhulu ukusuka kwinqanaba lokufunda. iikholeji, imisele isiqingatha somonakalo wendalo wendalo waseMerika, ukhuthaze inxalenye yecudlo efumaneka eUnited States, uvalele inxalenye yeenqwelo ezigqitywe apha, kwaye uzuze kwiimpawu zentando yesininzi, ukubandakanyeka, kunye nenkululeko yoluntu engacatshangwanga umhlaba apho sikhatywayo ukuba ihlabathi liyasizondla "inkululeko" eninzi. IYurophu inikeze umgaqo-nkqubo welizwe langaphandle, ukuzisa iintlanga ezakhelene nentando yenkululeko ngokubambisa ithemba lokubambisana kwe-EU, ngelixa siqhuba ezinye iintlanga ekuhambeni kolawulo olufanelekileyo ngeendleko ezinkulu zegazi kunye nobutyebi.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, oku kuya kuba yiindaba ezilungileyo, ukuba kungengenxa yengozi eyingozi kunye neyingozi yerhafu ephezulu! Ukusebenza ngaphantsi kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide kunye nokugula okungaphantsi, indawo ehlambulukileyo, imfundo engcono, iinkoliso zenkcubeko ezongezelelweyo, iiholide ezihlawulelwayo kunye noorhulumente abaphendule bhetele kuluntu - ukuba zonke izandi zilungile, kodwa inyaniso ibandakanya ububi obuphezulu beentlawulo eziphezulu! Okanye ngaba?

Njengoko iNtaba igxininisa, iYurophu ihlawula irhafu ephezulu, kodwa ihlawula ngokubanzi urhulumente, ummandla wendawo, ipropati kunye nentlawulo yokhuseleko loluntu. Baphinde bahlawule loo ntlawulo ephezulu yokufumana irhafu ngaphandle kwenkokhelo enkulu. Kwaye abantu baseYurophu bahlala befumana imali engenayo ukuyisebenzisa kwiinkonzo zempilo okanye kwiikholeji okanye ukuqeqeshwa emsebenzini okanye ezinye iindleko ezingenakuzikhethela kodwa kubonakala ngathi sinomdla wokubhiyozela ilungelo lethu lokuhlawula ngabanye.

Ukuba sihlawula ngokubanzi njengabantu baseYurophu kwiirhafu, kutheni sifanele sihlawule yonke into esiyidingayo yona? Kutheni iirhafu zethu zihlawula iimfuno zethu? Isizathu esibalulekileyo kukuba imali yethu yentela iya kwiimfazwe nasemkhosini.

Siphinde siyifake kwizinto ezicebileyo phakathi kwethu ngokusebenzisa ikhefu lokuhlawula irhafu kunye nokuxhaswa kwemali. Kwaye zethu izisombululo kwiimfuno zabantu ezifana nokunakekelwa kwezempilo ziyingozi kakhulu. Kunyaka owenziwe, urhulumente wethu unikeza i-$ 300 yezigidigidi kwikhefu zentela kwiimashishini zabasebenzi bezempilo. Kwanele ukuhlawulela ngokwenene wonke umntu kweli lizwe ukuba abe nokunakekelwa kwempilo, kodwa yincinci yento esilahla ngayo kwinkqubo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo, njengokuba igama layo libonisa, likhona ngokuyinhloko ukuvelisa inzuzo. Uninzi lwento esiyichithayo kulobu buhlanya aluhambi urhulumente, into esiyiqhayiya ngayo.

Siyaziqhenkceza, nangona kunjalo, iifosholo ezinkulu zeengxowa-mali ngokusebenzisa urhulumente kunye nakwiinkampani zamashishini. Kwaye yinto ehlukileyo kakhulu phakathi kwethu neYurophu. Kodwa oku kubonisa ukubahluko omkhulu phakathi koorhulumente bethu kunabantu bethu. AmaMelika, kwiipota kunye nophando, angathanda ukuhambisa imali eninzi kwimikhosi ukuya kwiimfuno zabantu. Ingxaki ngokukodwa kukuba iimbono zethu azimeli kurhulumente wethu, njengoko le ngcebiso evela kwiYithembiso yaseYurophu ibonisa ukuba:

"Iminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, umhlobo waseMerika ohlala eSweden wandixelela ukuba yena nomfazi wakhe waseSweden baseNew York City kwaye, ngokukhawuleza, baphela ukwabelana nge-limousine kwisithili semidlalo kunye neSenator John Breaux waseLouisana nomkakhe. U-Breaux, u-Conservative, ongeyantlawulo yerhafu kuMdemokhrasi, wabuza ukuba ndiyamazi ngeSweden kwaye ndatsho ngokugqithiseleyo malunga 'nazo zonke iirhafu amaSweden ahlawula,' apho le Merika yaphendula yathi, 'Ingxaki ngabantu baseMerika kunye neerhafu zabo kukuba asifumani nto kubo. ' Emva koko waqhubeka wathi kuBreaux malunga nenqanaba elibanzi leenkonzo kunye neenzuzo ezenziwa ngabakwaSweden ngokubuyisela irhafu. 'Ukuba amaMerika ayazi ukuba yiSweden ayifumana njani irhafu yakhe, mhlawumbi siya kuphazamiseka,' watsho i-senator. Bonke abakukhwela kwidolophu yezobugcisa babengahlali ngokukhawuleza. "

Ngoku, ukuba ucinga ngetyala elingenanto kwaye ungakhathazeki ngokuboleka izigidigidi zeedola, ke ukusika imfundo kunye nokwandisa imfundo kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zihloko ezihlukeneyo. Unokwenzelwa enye kodwa kungengomnye. Nangona kunjalo, imbambano esetyenziswe eWashington, DC, ngokubhekiselele kwiindleko ezinkulu kwiimfuno zabantu ngokuqhelekileyo igxininise ekuthintweni kwemali kunye nemfuno yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ngenxa yokuba le nkqubela yezopolitiko, ingaba ucinga ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olufanelekileyo luyabanceda ngokwalo, iimfazwe kunye nemiba yasekhaya ayinakulinganiswa. Imali ivela kwindiza efanayo, kwaye kufuneka sikhethe ukuba siyichithe apha okanye apha.

Ngo-2010, i-Rethink Afghanistan yenza isixhobo kwiwebhusayithi yeFaceBook eyakuvumela ukuba uphinde usebenzise imali, njengoko ubonile kufanelekile, iidola ezizigidi zezigidi (trillion) kwimali yerhafu ebichithwe emfazweni e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan. Ndacofa ukongeza izinto ezahlukeneyo kwi "nqwelo yam yokuthenga" ndaza ndakhangela ukuba ndizuze ntoni. Ndikwazile ukuqesha wonke umntu osebenza e-Afghanistan unyaka kwi-12 yezigidigidi zeedola, ndakha i-3 yezigidi zezindlu ezifikelelekayo e-United States nge-387 yezigidigidi, ukubonelela ngononophelo lwempilo kwizigidi zabantu baseMelika nge-3.4 yezigidigidi nakwisigidi sabantwana nge-2.3 yezigidigidi.

Kusengaphakathi kwemali eyi-1 trillion, ndikwazi ukuqesha abafundisi bomculo / obugcisa bee-million ngonyaka ukwenzela i-$ 58.5 ibhiliyoni kunye nabafundisi besikolo esiphakathi kwezigidi ezigidi ze-$ 61.1 billion. Ndaphinda ndabeka abantwana abanezigidi kwiNtloko yeNtloko ngonyaka malunga ne-7.3 billion. Emva koko ndanikela abafundi be-10 ngeminyaka elilodwa-mali yokufunda i-yunivesithi ye-$ 79 billion. Ekugqibeleni, ndagqiba ekubeni ndinike ii-5 izigidi zokuhlala ngamandla angaphinda avuselelwe i $ 4.8 billion. Ndiqinisekile ukuba ndiza kudlula umda wam wokuchitha, ndaya kwinqwelo yokuthenga, kuphela ukucebisa:

"Usenayo i-$ 384.5 yezigidigidi ukuba ungenzi." Geez. Yintoni esiya kwenza ngayo?

Iidola eziyi-trillion ziqinisekile ukuba zihamba ixesha elide xa ungenakubulala umntu. Nangona kunjalo iidola eziyizigidi ezigidi zaphela nje ngeendleko ezizeleyo zezo mpi zimbini zize zifike kuloo ndawo. NgoSeptemba 5, i-2010, i-economics uJoseph Stiglitz kunye noLinda Bilmes banyathelisa ikholomu eWashington Post, isakhiwo kwincwadi yabo yangaphambili yesihloko esifanayo, "Iindleko Zinyaniso zeMfazwe yase-Iraq: i-$ 3 Trillion ne-Beyond." Ababhali bathi uqikelelo lwe-$ 3 trillion kuphela kwiMfazwe yase-Iraq, eyapapashwa kuqala kwi-2008, mhlawumbi iphantsi. Ukubala kwabo iindleko ezipheleleyo zelo mpi kuquka neendleko zokuxilongwa, ukuphathwa kunye nokuhlawula amaqhawe akhubazekileyo, okwenziwa yi-2010 ephezulu kunokuba ayekulindele. Yaye yile ncinane:

"Kwiminyaka emibini, kuye kwacaca ukuba ukuqikelelwa kwethu akuzange kuthathe iindleko ezibangelwa yimpikiswano enokukhathazeka kakhulu: abo bakwiqela 'banokuba nezinyosi,' okanye ziziphi iindleko zezoqoqosho ezibiza iindleko zithuba. Ngokomzekelo, abaninzi baye bazibuza ngokucacileyo ukuba, engekho e-Iraq ukuhlasela, sasiya kuhlala sibambelele e-Afghanistan. Kwaye oku akukuphela kwento 'kuthini ukuba' kufuneka uqikelele. Singazibuza kwakhona: Ukuba kungekhona kwimfazwe yase-Iraq, ngaba amaxabiso eoli aya kuvuka ngokukhawuleza? Ingaba ityala le-federal liza kuba liphakamileyo? Ingaba ubunzima bezoqoqosho bebuya kuba nzima kangaka?

"Impendulo kuyo yonke emine yale mibuzo mhlawumbi ayikho. Isifundo esisisiseko sogcino-mali kukuba izibonelelo-kuquka imali kunye neengqalelo-ziyanqongophala. "

Esi sifundo asizange sifinyelele eKapitol Hill, apho iCongress ikhetha ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuxhaswa ngeemfazwe ngelixa lizenza ngathi akukho nto.

NgoJuni 22, i-2010, iNdlumbuso yeNdlu enkulu iNtloko uHoyer yayithetha kwigumbi elikhulu labucala kwi-Union Station eWashington, DC kwaye ithatha imibuzo. Wayengenayo impendulo malunga nemibuzo endimbeka kuyo.

Isihloko sikaHoyer sinoxanduva lwezemali, kwaye wathi iziphakamiso zakhe - ezizo zonke izinto ezingcolileyo - ziyafaneleka ukuba zenze "ngokukhawuleza ukuba uqoqosho lubuyiselwe ngokupheleleyo." Andiqinisekanga ukuba bekulindelwe ntoni.

I-Hoyer, njengesiko, ziqhayisa malunga nokusika nokuzama ukusika iinkqubo ezithile zezixhobo. Ngoko ndambuza ukuba wayenokungayekanga njani ukukhankanya amabini amabini ahlobene. Okokuqala, yena kunye nabalingane bakhe bebekhulile isabelo-mali somkhosi ngamnye ngonyaka. Okwesibini, wayesebenza ukuxhasa ukunyuka kweemfazwe e-Afghanistan kunye ne-bill "eyongezelelweyo" eyayigcina iindleko kwiincwadi, ngaphandle kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.

U-Hoyer waphendula ukuba yonke into enjalo kufanele ibe "etafileni." Kodwa akazange achaze ukungaphumeleli kwakhe ukubeka apho okanye ukubonisa indlela awayeza kuyenza ngayo. Akukho nanye kwidumbu le-Washington elitsha elihlangeneyo.

Abanye abantu ababini babuza imibuzo emihle malunga nokuba kutheni kwiHoyer yehlabathi befuna ukulandela i-Social Security okanye i-Medicare. Omnye umntu wabuza isizathu sokuba asikwazi ukuhamba emva kweWall Street. I-Hoyer imbled malunga nokuguqulwa kokulawula, kwaye yathi iBush.

U-Hoyer wachazwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuMongameli Obama. Enyanisweni, wathi xa umkhomishina wekhomishini malunga nokulahleka (ikhomishini ebonakalayo yenzelwe ukuphakamisa ukutyunjwa koKhuseleko loLuntu, ikhomishoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-"khomishoni yokutya" yinto enokunciphisa abantu bethu abadala ukuba badle isidlo sakusihlwa) naziphi na iziphakamiso, kwaye ukuba iNkundla yeSatifikethi iwadlulisile, ngoko-ke uNdunankulu weNdlu uNancy Pelosi uya kubabeka phantsi ukuze avotelwe-kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni abayiyo.

Enyanisweni, kungekudala emva kwesi siganeko, iNdlu yadlulisela umgaqo obeka imfuneko yokuvota kunoma yiyiphi imilinganiselo yekhomishana yokutya ye-catfish eyadluliselwa yi-Senate.

Kamva uHoyer wasitshela ukuba kuphela umongameli unokuyeka ukuchitha. Ndathetha ndambuza wathi: "Ukuba awuyidlulanga, uMongameli uyayisayina njani?" Inkokheli enkulu yabujonga emva kwam njengendukukazi kwizibane zentloko. Akathethi nto.