by UDavid Swanson, Oktobha 3, 2018.
Ukubola kweNkqubo yeMfazwe lithemba kunye nesihloko esiqikelelwayo sencwadi ka-2007 nguJohn Jacob IsiNgesi, ongumIrish ngokwenyani, kwaye inokungqina inyathelo elixabisekileyo kwabaninzi abazama ukubuyisa umva indlela yabo yokuphuma kwinkxaso yemfazwe engapheliyo ukanti bengakulungelanga ukuvuma ukuhambelana kunye nokuhambelana. empirically substantiated ubulumko bokupheliswa ngokupheleleyo. Nokuba ngaba nabani na kubabhali bezi ncwadi zilandelayo endicebisa abantu ukuba bayifunde incwadi yesingesi andazi, kodwa iphinda ilandelelene kakuhle nangokulandelelana kwazo ngokufanelekileyo:
Ukuxhatshazwa okubandakanya: Incwadi yesiBini: Ixesha leNtshonkotha yeMelika nguMumia Abu Jamal noStephen Vittoria, i-2018.
Abenzi beendlela zoxolo: Abasindileyo bakaHiroshima nabakwaNagasaki bathetha ngu Melinda Clarke, 2018.
Ukuthintela iMfazwe nokukhuthaza uxolo: Isikhokelo sabasebenzi bezeMpilo luhlelwe nguWilliam Wiist noShelley White, i-2017.
Isicwangciso soShishino soxolo: Ukwakha ihlabathi ngaphandle kwemfazwe nguScilla Elworthy, 2017.
Imfazwe ayisoze yaphela nguDavid Swanson, 2016.
Inkqubo Yokhuseleko Yomhlaba Wonke: Inye indlela eya kwiMfazwe by World Beyond War, 2015, 2016, 2017.
Icandelo elinamandla malunga neMfazwe: Yiyiphi iMelika elahlekile kwiklasi ye-US History kunye nento thina (sonke) esinokuyenza ngoku nguKathy Beckwith, 2015.
Imfazwe: Ulwaphulo-mthetho loLuntu nguRoberto Vivo, 2014.
Ukubuyiselwa kwamaKatolika kunye nokuPhelelwa kweMfazwe nguDavid Carroll Cochran, 2014.
Imfazwe kunye nokuxhamla: Uvavanyo olubalulekileyo nguLaurie Calhoun, 2013.
Shift: Ukuqala kweMfazwe, ukuphela kweMfazwe nguJudith Hand, 2013.
Akukho Mfazwe: I-Case for Abolition nguDavid Swanson, 2013.
Isiphelo War nguJohn Horgan, 2012.
Utshintsho kuxolo nguRussell Faure-Brac, i-2012.
Ukususela kwiMfazwe kuya kuXolo: Isikhokelo KuMinyaka Eminyaka Ezayo nguKent Shifferd, 2011.
Imfazwe Lixoki nguDavid Swanson, 2010, 2016.
Ngaphaya kweMfazwe: Ubungakanani Bokuba Ubuntu Bokuthula nguDouglas Fry, 2009.
Ukuphila Ngaphandle Kwemfazwe nguWinslow Myers, 2009.
Ukubola kweNkqubo yeMfazwe igxininisa kwiimbono zikaLeo Tolstoy, uBertrand Russell, uMohandas Gandhi noAlbert Einstein. Ewe! Ndiyakwazi ukucinga i-gargantuan flak endinokuyithatha ukuba ndingaze ndibhukishe la madoda mane, amathathu aqikelelwa ukuba "amhlophe," kwaye omane agqibe kwelokuba abhubhile, kwiphaneli kwinkomfa eqhubekayo. Bendiya kuyenza, ewe, ngenxa yobulumko elowo ngamnye ebenabo. Kodwa ubuthathaka bolu qokelelo abuhambelani ne-dead-white-male critique. Ubulumko bemibutho engeyiyo yaseNtshona engazange yenze okanye yenze imfazwe ilahlekile kuyo nayiphi na intsomi yaseNtshona ifumana indlela eya ekufumaneni indlela yokwakha uxolo-ngokungathi uxolo luyisakhiwo sepalamente okanye inethiwekhi yekhompyutha. Xa uEinstein wabuza uFreud ukuba uxolo lunokwenzeka na, ngendimkhethile ukuba abuze uJean-Paul Sartre okanye uBertrand Russell, abantu ababengasoloko bekhetha uxolo kodwa ababeza kwenza ityala elikhulu ukuba linokwenzeka. Ngcono noko, ngekhe wabuza uMargaret Mead. Okungcono nangakumbi, wayenokukhangela kuluntu olwaluyenzile kwaye lwaluyenza, kunokuba azame ukungqina into enokwenzeka kwithiyori esebenza nje kwizinto ezingezizo ezeNtshona.
Ezi ngcinga zoxolo zine ekuxutyushwa ngazo, nangona kunjalo, zinomdla kwaye zibalulekile, nangona zilinganiselwe ngokucacileyo. UTolstoy ucace gca kwaye akaguquguquki, kodwa usekela yonke into kukholo lwenkolo olungenamsebenzi nakubani na ongakwaziyo ukwabelana nalo. URussell ubonakala enguTolstoy wehlabathi onokubhengeza ubulumko bakhe, ngaphandle kokuba uRussell wayechasa kuphela “iimfazwe ezimbi” - nangona esenza kakuhle kakhulu. UGandhi usibuyisela kwizithethe zonqulo zokungaxhasi ukubulawa kwabantu abaninzi. Kodwa, nangona wayetshilo uGandhi ngokwakhe, izimvo zakhe ziyila ngokuphandle kunokuba athi uphinda isithethe sokwenyani sabanye kangangokuba abalandeli abaninzi bakufumanise kulula ukwahlula izenzo zamaGandhi kunqulo lukaGandhi. U-Einstein usikhupha kwakhona kummandla wenkolo, kodwa ubuyela kwinkcaso yemfazwe. U-Einstein wayechasa imfazwe on.
Ngoko ke, yomine le mizekelo ibonakala inqongophele. Xa ndithetha oko, ndithetha ukubhekisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwizifundo ezisebenzisekayo amadoda amane azifundisayo, hayi kubomi bawo njengabantu abangumzekelo-nangona ndingabanga ukuba ezi zinto zimbini zinokwahlulwa ngokucocekileyo. Njengoko kubonwe kwiincwadi ezidweliswe ngasentla, ulwazi kunye neengcamango malunga nokupheliswa kwemfazwe ziye zavela. Ke yiba nokuziphatha esikubiza ngokuba "yimfazwe." Ngokunjalo yiba nesimo sengqondo esithandwayo ngemfazwe. Kodwa ndiyakrokrela ukuba siya kuba kwindawo embi kakhulu ngaphandle kwenkqubela phambili athe aba bacinga babenegalelo kuyo.
Ekupheleni kwencwadi yakhe, iNgesi ichaza uTolstoy njengowayehlalutya iintsomi zemfazwe, uRussell ngeentsomi zokuthethelela imfazwe, uGandhi iintsomi zogonyamelo, noEinstein iintsomi zokhuseleko. Ngokuqinisekileyo ezi ziinjongo aba babhali abanokusebenza ngazo logama iintsomi zisaqhubeka, nto leyo umntu anethemba lokuba ayifani neminyaka elindelekileyo yokuphila kolu didi lwabantu.
