Ngu-Alex Edney-Browne, uLisa Ling, Los Angeles Times, Julayi 16, 2017.
Abaqhubi be-Drone baye bayeka uMkhosi woMoya wase-US Iirekhodi amanani kwiminyaka yakutshanje - ngokukhawuleza kunokuba abantu abatsha bangakhethwa kwaye baqeqeshwe. Bakhankanya indibaniselwano yezinga eliphantsi emkhosini, ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokwenzakala ngokwasengqondweni.
Kodwa inkumbulo entsha epapashwe ngokubanzi malunga nemfazwe yaseMelika efihliweyo iyasilela ukukhankanya "ukunyuka kokuphuma," njengenye. Imemo yoMkhosi woMoya wangaphakathi uyibiza. "Igorha leDrone: Iakhawunti yangaphakathi yeJoni eli-Elite lokuzingela kwezona ntshaba ziyingozi kakhulu zaseMelika" ichaza malunga neminyaka eyi-10 uBrett Velicovich, owayesakuba lilungu lemisebenzi ekhethekileyo, wayichitha esebenzisa i-drones ukunceda imikhosi ekhethekileyo ukufumana nokulandelela abanqolobi. Ngokufanelekileyo, ikwabeka intengiso enzima kwinkqubo apho inqanaba loMkhosi woMoya lizabalaza ukugcina ligcwele.
U-Velicovich wabhala i-memoir - malunga nexesha lakhe "ukuzingela kunye nokubukela kwii-cesspools zoMbindi Mpuma" - ukubonisa indlela i-drones "esindisa ngayo ubomi kunye nokuxhobisa uluntu, ngokuchasene nengxelo eninzi eqhubekayo ebabeka ekukhanyeni okubi." Endaweni yoko, le ncwadi, eyona nto iyiyo, libali le-hyper-masculine bravado kwaye, eyona nto imbi, isiqwenga sepropaganda yasemkhosini eyenzelwe ukunciphisa amathandabuzo malunga nenkqubo yedrone kunye nokwandisa ukuqeshwa.
U-Velicovich kunye nombhali-mbhali wencwadi, uChristopher S. Stewart, intatheli yeWall Street Journal, ukuqinisa inkolelo yokuba i-drones yimishini yolwazi kunye nokuchaneka. I-Velicovich iyabaxa ukuchaneka kwetekhnoloji, ingakhathaleli ukukhankanya ukuba isilela kangakanani okanye ukusilela okunjalo baye babulala abantu abaninzi. Ngokomzekelo, iCIA yabulala Abantwana abangama-76 kunye nabantu abadala abangama-29 kwiinzame zayo zokukhupha uAyman al Zawahiri, inkokeli ye Al Qaeda, ekuthiwa usaphila.
Kwaye okwangoku, "andithandabuzi ukuba sinokufumana nabani na emhlabeni," ubhala uVelicovich, "kungakhathaliseki ukuba zifihliwe kangakanani." Omnye unokubuza uVelicovich ukuba achaze ukufa kwe UWarren Weinstein, ummi waseMelika, kwaye UGiovanni Lo Porto, Ummi waseNtaliyane - bobabini abasebenzi boncedo ababulawa yi-drone yaseMelika eyayijolise kumalungu e-Al Qaeda ePakistan.
"Besikholelwa ukuba le yikompantshi ye-Al Qaeda," uMongameli u-Obama wabhengeza kwiinyanga ezintathu emva koqhankqalazo, "ukuba akukho bantu babekho." Ngokwenene, uMkhosi woMoya wawuvaliwe amakhulu eeyure lokuphononongwa kwedrone kwisakhiwo. Yayisebenzise iikhamera ze-thermal-imaging, ekumele zichonge ubukho bomntu ngobushushu bomzimba wakhe xa umgca wokubona uvalekile. Nangona kunjalo, ukubek' esweni ngandlela thile kusilele ukuqaphela imizimba emibini eyongezelelweyo - uWeinstein noLa Porto - ababebanjelwe kwigumbi elingaphantsi.
Mhlawumbi abasebenzi boncedo abazange baqatshelwe ngenxa yokuba, ngokwengxelo ezayo malunga nemida yetekhnoloji yedrone ebhalwe ngu. Pratap Chatterjee, umalathisi oyintloko weqela elijongayo iCorpWatch, kunye noChristian Stork, iikhamera ezibonisa ubushushu bobushushu “azikwazi ukubona emithini yaye ingubo ebekwe kakuhle ekhupha ubushushu bomzimba inokubulahla,” kananjalo “azikwazi ukubona kumagumbi angaphantsi okanye kwiindawo ezingaphantsi komhlaba. .”
Okona kukhohlisayo ngakumbi ziinzame zememoir zokudibanisa intuthumbo yengqondo yabaqhubi be-drone kunye nabahlalutyi bengqondo kwaye bayiguqule ibe yingxelo yobugorha kunye ne-stoicism. "Ndalwa ukuze ndigcine amehlo am evulekile," ubhala uVelicovich ngokusebenza ngexesha lokulala. "Iyure nganye echithwayo yayiyenye iyure utshaba kwakufuneka lucebe, enye iyure kwakufuneka lubulale."
Thelekisa loo mzobo nenyaniso njengoko ichazwa nguCol. Jason Brown, umphathi we-480th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing. "Amazinga ethu okuzibulala kunye nokuzibulala ayephezulu kakhulu kunomndilili woMkhosi woMoya," uBrown xelela iWashington Post ekuqaleni kwale nyanga, ichaza ukuba kutheni oogqirha bengqondo bexesha elizeleyo kunye nabacebisi bezempilo yengqondo baye bangeniswa kwinkqubo ye-drone. "Babephezulu nangaphezulu kunabo babethunyelwe." Amazinga okuzibulala ehlile ngenxa yamaqela ezempilo yengqondo, utshilo uBrown. Umsebenzi ngokwawo awukatshintshi.
Amalungelo efilimu kwi "Drone Warrior" zathengwa ngaphezulu konyaka ophelileyo, ngokuthandwa kakhulu, yiParamount Pictures. (I-studio iphinde yakhetha amalungelo obomi kwibali likaVelicovich.) Kwicandelo lokuvuma kwimemori, uVelicovich ukhankanya ukuba i-movie ezayo iya kulawulwa kwaye iveliswe ngu. UMichael Bay, umenzi wefilimu emva kwe "Transformers," "iPearl Harbor" kunye ne "Armageddon."
Olu phuhliso luqikelelwa kwangaphambili. I Umkhosi wase-US kunye neHollywood kudala belonwabele ubudlelwane be-symbiotic. Abenzi beefilimu bahlala befumana ukufikelela kwiindawo, abasebenzi, ulwazi kunye nezixhobo eziboleka iimveliso zabo "zobunyani." Ukubuyisela, umkhosi uhlala ufumana umlinganiselo othile wokulawula indlela eboniswa ngayo.
Amagosa ePentagon kunye nabasebenzi beCIA baziwa ngokuba bacebise kwaye babelane ngamaxwebhu ahleliweyo kunye nabenzi befilimu ngasemva kwe "Zero Dark Thirty," imuvi etyunjwe nguOscar. Ixelwe ngokungekho sikweni Inkqubo yeCIA yokungcungcuthekiswa kunye nenkqubo yoguqulelo njengeye yaba negalelo ekufumaneni u-Osama bin Laden. I-CIA nayo iye yaba nxu lumene kwimveliso ye "Argo," uBen Affleck ophumelele i-Oscar ebonisa indlela le arhente yabahlangula ngayo ababanjwa baseMelika eIran.
Kodwa kukho into engathandekiyo ngakumbi malunga nomdla waseHollywood wokuzisa iVelicovich yemfazwe yedrone kwiscreen esikhulu. Kwi “Drone Warrior,” umkhosi waseMelika unokuba neqonga elinamandla lokubonisa inkqubo yawo njengesebenzayo kunye nabaqhubi bayo njengamagorha - endaweni yokusebenza kakhulu kunye noxinzelelo. Kufuneka sizibuze ukuba uVelicovich wasondela emkhosini waseMelika ukuba abhale imemori yakhe. Ngokuqinisekileyo inokunceda kwingxaki yabo yokuphelelwa lithemba.
UAlex Edney-Browne (@alexEdneybrown) ngumgqatswa we-PhD kwiDyunivesithi yaseMelbourne, apho aphanda ngeziphumo zengqondo zentlalo yemfazwe yedrone kubemi base-Afghan kunye namagqala enkqubo yedrone yoMkhosi woMoya wase-US. Lisa Ling (@AREtVet) wakhonza emkhosini wase-US njenge-sergeant yezobuchwepheshe kwiinkqubo zokujonga i-drone ngaphambi kokushiya ngokukhululeka okuhloniphekileyo kwi-2012. Ubonakala kwi-documentary ye-2016 kwi-drone warfare, "Intaka yeSizwe."
