NguDavid Swanson
Ngo-2010 ndabhala incwadi ethi Imfazwe Lixoki. Kwiminyaka emihlanu emva koko, emva kokuba ndilungiselele uhlelo lwesibini lwaloo ncwadi ukuba luphume kwintwasahlobo ezayo, ndadibana nenye incwadi epapashwe kumxholo ofanayo ngo-2010 othiwa. Izizathu zokubulala: Kutheni abantu baseMelika bekhetha iMfazwe, nguRichard E. Rubenstein.
U-Rubenstein, njengoko unokutsho, uhloniphekile kakhulu kunam. Incwadi yakhe yenziwe kakuhle kwaye ndingayincoma nakubani na, kodwa mhlawumbi ngokukodwa kwisihlwele esifumanisa impoxo ikhubekisa ngaphezu kweebhombu. (Ndizama ukuba wonke umntu ngaphandle kweso sihlwele sifunde incwadi yam!)
Thatha incwadi kaRubenstein ukuba ufuna ukufunda ingcaciso yakhe kolu luhlu lwezizathu zokuba kutheni abantu beziswa ekuxhaseni iimfazwe: 1. Kukuzikhusela; 2 Utshaba lungendawo; 3 Ukungalwi kuya kusenza buthathaka, sithotywe, sihlazeke; 4. Ukuthanda izwe; 5. Umsebenzi wobuntu; 6. Ukuba ngabakhethekileyo; 7. Licebo lokugqibela.
Wenze kakuhle. Kodwa ndicinga ukuba ukuhlonipha kukaRubenstein kubaxhasi bemfazwe (kwaye andithethi ukuba ngendlela ehlambalazayo, njengoko ndicinga ukuba kufuneka sihloniphe wonke umntu ukuba siya kubaqonda) kumkhokelela ekugxininiseni ukuba bakholelwa kangakanani kwi-propaganda yabo. Impendulo yokuba ngaba bayakholelwa kwi-propaganda yabo, kunjalo-kwaye ndicinga ukuba uRubenstein angavuma-ewe kwaye hayi. Bakholelwa enye yayo, ngandlel’ ithile, ngamanye amaxesha, kwaye bazama ngamandla ukukholelwa nangakumbi kuyo. Kodwa yimalini? Ugxininisa phi?
URubenstein uqala ngokukhusela, hayi abathengisi bemfazwe abakhulu eWashington, kodwa abaxhasi babo eUnited States. Ubhala athi: “Siyavuma ukuzibeka engozini, ngenxa yokuba siqinisekile ukuba idini lifanele lisenze sibe sengozini. zichanekile, kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokuba siye sanyathelwa ekubeni sivumele imfazwe ziinkokeli ezinobuqhophololo, abo basasaza iindaba zobuxoki, okanye ngokwethu inkanuko yokuphalazwa kwegazi.”
Ngoku, ngokuqinisekileyo, uninzi lwabaxhasi bemfazwe abazange bazibeke ngaphakathi kweekhilomitha ezili-10,000 zendlela yokulimala, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo bakholelwa ukuba imfazwe ihloniphekile kwaye inobulungisa, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba amaSilamsi amabi kufuneka apheliswe, okanye ngenxa yokuba abantu abahluphekileyo abacinezelweyo kufuneka bakhululwe kwaye bahlangulwe. okanye indibaniselwano ethile. Kulityala labaxhasi bemfazwe ukuba bayanda ukuba bakholelwe ukuba iimfazwe zizenzo zobubele ngaphambi kokuba bazixhase. Kodwa kutheni bekholelwa ukuba bunk enjalo? Bathengiswa ngayo ngabasasaza, kakade. Ewe, ukutyabeka abasasaza iindaba ezilungileyo. Ngo-2014 abantu abaninzi baxhasa imfazwe ababeyichasile ngo-2013, njengesiphumo esithe ngqo sokubukela nokuva ngeevidiyo zokunqunyulwa kwentloko, kungekhona ngenxa yokuva ukuthetheleleka kokuziphatha okuhambelanayo. Enyanisweni ibali lenze ingqiqo engaphantsi ngo-2014 kwaye libandakanya ukutshintshana kwamacala okanye ukuthatha amacala omabini kwimfazwe enye eyayibekwe ngaphandle kwempumelelo kunyaka ongaphambili.
U-Rubenstein uyaxoxa, ngokufanelekileyo ndicinga ukuba, inkxaso yemfazwe ayiveli nje kwisiganeko esisondeleyo (i-Gulf of Tonkin ubuqhetseba, iintsana eziphuma kwi-incubators fraud, i-Spanish yatshona. Maine ubuqhophololo, njl.njl.) kodwa nakwibali elibanzi elibonisa utshaba njengobubi kunye noloyikiso okanye umhlobo osweleyo. I-WMD eyaziwayo ye-2003 ngokwenene yayikhona kumazwe amaninzi, kubandakanywa ne-United States, kodwa ukukholelwa ebubini base-Iraq kwakungathethi nje ukuba i-WMD yayingamkelekanga apho kodwa nokuba i-Iraq ngokwayo yayingamkelekanga ukuba i-WMD ikhona okanye ayikho. UBush wabuzwa emva kohlaselo ukuba kutheni enze izimangalo azenzileyo malunga nezixhobo, waphendula wathi, "Yintoni umahluko?" USaddam Hussein wayekhohlakele, watsho. Isiphelo sebali. URubenstein ulungile, ndicinga ukuba kufuneka sijonge izinto ezikhuthazayo, ezifana nenkolelo yobubi base-Iraq kunokuba kwii-WMDs. Kodwa eyona mpembelelo isisiseko imbi nangaphezu kokuthetheleleka okungaphezulu, ngakumbi xa inkolelo ikukuba isizwe sonke singendawo. Kwaye ukuqonda inkuthazo ephantsi kusenza siqonde, umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kukaColin Powell kwingxoxo eyenziweyo kunye nolwazi lobuxoki kwintetho yakhe ye-UN njengokungathembeki. Wayengakholelwa kubuxoki bakhe; wayefuna ukugcina umsebenzi wakhe.
Ngokutsho kukaRubenstein, uBush noCheney “babekholelwa ngokucacileyo kwiingxelo zabo zasesidlangalaleni.” Bush, khumbula, ucebise uTony Blair ukuba bapeyinte inqwelomoya yase-US ngemibala ye-UN, bayibhabhele phantsi, kwaye bazame ukuyidubula. Emva koko waphuma waya kumaphephandaba, noBlair, kwaye wathi uzama ukuphepha imfazwe. Kodwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo wayekholelwa ngokuyinxenye kwiingxelo zakhe, kwaye wabelane noluntu oluninzi lwase-US ngombono wokuba imfazwe sisixhobo esamkelekileyo somgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle. Wayenesabelo ekuthiyweni kwabantu basemzini, ubucalucalulo nokukholelwa kumandla okuhlangula okubulalana kwezihlwele. Wayenokholo kubugcisa bemfazwe. Wabelana ngomnqweno wokungakholelwa kwi-causation ye-anti-US imvakalelo ngezenzo zangaphambili zase-US. Ngaloo ngqiqo, asinakuthi umsasazi waziguqula iinkolelo zoluntu. Abantu baphenjelelwa kukuphindaphindwa koloyiko lwe-9/11 kwiinyanga zokugrogrisa kumajelo eendaba. Babehluthwa izibakala ezisisiseko zizikolo namaphephandaba abo. Kodwa ukucebisa ukunyaniseka kokwenyani kwicala labenzi bemfazwe kuya kude kakhulu.
URubenstein uthi uMongameli uWilliam McKinley weyiselwa ukuba athathe iiPhilippines “ngeengcamango zobuntu eziye zaqinisekisa abantu baseMelika abaqhelekileyo ukuba baxhase imfazwe.” Ngokwenene? Ngenxa yokuba uMcKinley akatshongo nje ukuba amahlwempu amancinci amdaka akwiiPhilippines akakwazi ukuzilawula, kodwa wathi kuya kuba kubi “ishishini” ukuvumela iJamani okanye iFrance ibe nePhilippines. URubenstein ngokwakhe uthi “ukuba i-acerbic uMnumzan Twain ebesekunye nathi, ebenokucebisa ukuba isizathu sokuba singangeneleli eRwanda ngowe-1994 kungenxa yokuba kwakungekho ngeniso kuyo.” Ukubekela ecaleni ungenelelo olonakalisayo lwase-US kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo e-Uganda kunye nenkxaso yayo yombulali ebone inzuzo ekuvumeleni ukuthatha amandla "ngokungasebenzi" kwayo eRwanda, oku kulungile. Iinkuthazo zobuntu zifumaneka apho inzuzo ilele (iSyria) kwaye hayi apho ingekhoyo, okanye apho ilele kwicala lokubulawa kwabantu abaninzi (Yemen). Oko akuthethi ukuba iinkolelo zobuntu azikholelwa ngandlel 'ithile, kwaye ngakumbi luluntu kunokuba lusasazeke, kodwa lubiza ubunyulu babo.
URubenstein uyichaza ngolu hlobo iMfazwe Yomlomo: “Ngoxa yayizaliseka nxamnye noozwilakhe bobuKomanisi, iinkokeli zaseMerika zaxhasa oozwilakhe abakhohlakeleyo ababexhasa amazwe aseNtshona kumazwe amaninzi eHlabathi Lesithathu. Oku maxa wambi kugqalwa njengohanahaniso, kodwa ngokwenene kwakumela uhlobo olugqwethekileyo lokunyaniseka. Ukuxhasa abo bachasene nedemokhrasi kwabonisa ulweyiseko lokuba ukuba utshaba lungendawo ngokupheleleyo, ubani umele asebenzise ‘zonke iindlela eziyimfuneko’ ukuze aloyise.” Kakade abantu abaninzi babekholelwa ukuba. Bakwakholelwa ukuba ukuba iSoviet Union ikhe yawa, impiriyali yase-US kunye nenkxaso yoozwilakhe abakhohlakeleyo abachasene namakomanisi iya kumiswa. Baye bangqinwa 100% bengalunganga kuhlalutyo lwabo. Isoyikiso saseSoviet sathatyathelw’ indawo sisisongelo sobugrogrisi, yaye indlela yokuziphatha yahlala ingatshintshi. Kwaye yahlala ingatshintshi nangaphambi kokuba isoyikiso sobunqolobi siphuhliswe ngokufanelekileyo-nangona ngokuqinisekileyo asizange siphuhliswe sibe yiyo nantoni na efana neSoviet Union. Ukongeza, ukuba uyayamkela ingcamango kaRubenstein yokukholelwa ngokunyanisekileyo kukulunga okukhulu kokwenza ububi kwiMfazwe Yomlomo, kusafuneka uvume ukuba ububi obenziwayo bubandakanya iimfumba ezinkulu zobuxoki, ukunganyaniseki, ubuxoki, imfihlo, inkohliso, kunye nehashe , konke egameni lokumisa ii-commies. Ukubiza ubuxoki (malunga neGulf of Tonkin okanye umsantsa wemijukujelwa okanye i-Contras okanye nantoni na) "nyani ... ukunyaniseka" kushiya umntu ezibuza ukuba kungajongeka njani ukunganyaniseki kwaye unokuba ngumzekelo onjani womntu oxokayo. ngaphandle nayiphi na inkolelo yokuba into ethile iyayithethelela.
URubenstein ngokwakhe akabonakali exoka malunga nantoni na, naxa ebonakala eneenyani ezingalunganga, njengoko esithi uninzi lweemfazwe zaseMelika ziye zaphumelela (huh?). Kwaye uhlalutyo lwakhe lwendlela iimfazwe eziqala ngayo kunye nendlela yokuphembelela uxolo luluncedo kakhulu. Ubandakanya kuluhlu lwakhe lwezinto eziza kwenziwa kwi- #5 "Funa ukuba abaxhasi bemfazwe babhengeze umdla wabo." Oko kubaluleke kakhulu kuphela kuba abo bathetheleli bemfazwe abakholelwa kwiingcamango zabo. Bakholelwa ekunyolukeni kwabo nakwimisebenzi yabo.
