Kubonakala ngathi siphelile ukujongana neengxoxo loo mfazwe ilungile kuthi kuba izisa uxolo. Kwaye emva koko kuza i-twist eyahluke kakhulu, idityaniswe nembono ethile enomdla. Nantsi ngeposi blog NguJoshua Holland kwiwebhusayithi yeBill Moyers.
“Imfazwe kudala yabonwa njengelinge elikhuthazwa ngabantu abakumgangatho ophezulu abathi bazuza kakhulu kwingxabano-nokuba kukhuselwa ii-asethi zaphesheya, kudala iimeko ezithandekayo kurhwebo lwamanye amazwe okanye ngokuthengisa izinto zalapho-kwaye zahlawulwa ngegazi. Kwabahluphekileyo, i-cannon fodder abakhonza ilizwe labo kodwa abanachaphaza ngokuthe ngqo kwiziphumo.
". . . Inzululwazi yezopolitiko ye-MIT uJonathan Caverley, umbhali we UkuVotshwa kweMidemokhrasi, ukuPhuma kunye neMfazwe, kwaye yena ngokwakhe u-US Navy veteran, uxelela ukuba imikhosi yamagosa aphezulu, kunye nemikhosi yokuvolontiya eyenza ukulwa nemibutho emincinci kwimibutho encinci, ukudibanisa nokungalingani kwezoqoqosho ukudala izikhuthazo eziphikisayo eziguqula umboniso oqhelekileyo wemfazwe entloko. . . .
"UJoshua Holland: Uphando lwakho lukhokelela kwisigqibo esichasene noko. Ungandinika ithisisi yakho ngamafutshane?
"UJonathan Caverley: Ingxabano yam kukuba kwintando yesininzi ekhuphisayo njengama-United States, siye savelisa ifom enkulu kakhulu yemfazwe. Asisathumeli izigidi zemikhosi yokulwa phesheya - okanye sibone inani elininzi labantu abasweleyo beza ekhaya. Emva kokuba uqale ukulwa nemfazwe ngeenqwelo zomoya, ama-satellites, unxibelelwano-kunye nemibutho embalwa eqeqeshelwa kakhulu imfundo-eya empini iba ngumsebenzi wokubhala ngetekisi kunokubambisana nentlalo. Kwaye emva kokuba ujike imfazwe ibe ngumsebenzi wokubhala ngeteksi, ukukhuthaza nokuchasene nokuguquka kwemfazwe.
“Ungacinga nje ngokwabiwa kwakhona, apho abantu abanomvuzo omncinci ngokubanzi bahlawula isabelo esincinci kwiindleko zemfazwe. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwinqanaba lomdibaniso. E-United States, urhulumente wobumbano uhlala exhaswa ngemali ubukhulu becala ukusuka kwiipesenti ezingama-20 eziphezulu. Uninzi lwaseburhulumenteni, ndingathi iipesenti ezingama-60, mhlawumbi neepesenti ezingama-65, ixhaswe zizityebi.
“Kwinkoliso yabantu, imfazwe ngoku ixabisa kakhulu ngokwegazi kunye nobutyebi. Kwaye inefuthe lokusasaza kwakhona.
Ke indlela yam ilula kakhulu. Ukuba ucinga ukuba igalelo lakho kungquzulwano liza kuba lincinci, kwaye ubone izibonelelo ezinokubakho, kuya kufuneka ubone ukonyuka kwemfuno yenkcitho yokhuselo kunye nokwanda kwe-hawkishness kwiimbono zakho zomgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle, ngokusekwe kumvuzo wakho. Ukufunda kwam uluvo lukawonke-wonke lakwa-Israel kufumanise ukuba okukhona umntu esisityebi kancinci, kokukhona babesebenzisa gadalala ukusebenzisa umkhosi. ”
Ngokuqinisekileyo uCaverley uyakuvuma ukuba iimfazwe zase-US zihlala zingabantu ababulala abantu abahlala kumazwe ahluphekayo, kwaye iqhezu labantu baseMelika bayayazi loo nto kwaye bayayichasa iimfazwe ngenxa yoko. Ngokuqinisekileyo uyazi ukuba imikhosi yase-US isafa kwiimfazwe zase-US kwaye isatsalwa ngokungalinganiyo kumahlwempu. Ngokuqinisekileyo naye uyazi (kwaye ucinga ukuba konke oku kuyacaca kwincwadi yakhe, endingayifundanga) ukuba imfazwe ihlala inenzuzo kakhulu kwiqela eliphambili kakhulu kuqoqosho lwase-US. Izitokhwe zesitokhwe zikwindawo eziphakamileyo ezirekhodiweyo ngoku. Umcebisi wezezimali kwi-NPR izolo ebecebisa ngokutyala imali kwizixhobo. Inkcitho emfazweni, enyanisweni, ithatha imali kawonke-wonke kwaye iyichitha ngendlela engazukuphazanyiswa kakhulu zizityebi. Kwaye ngelixa iidola zikarhulumente zikhula ngokuqhubekayo, ziphakanyiswa kancinci kancinci kunangaphambili. Inkcitho yokulungiselela umlo yinxalenye yento eqhuba ukungalingani athi uCaverley uqhuba inkxaso yemivuzo ephantsi kwiimfazwe. Oko uCaverley kuthetha ngebango lakhe lokuba imfazwe (ezantsi) ukusasazwa ngokutsha kwenziwa kwacaca ngakumbi kudliwanondlebe:
"I-Holland: Kulo cwaningo uphawula ukuba uninzi lwenzululwazi ayiboni imali yezempi njengokuba negalelo lokubuyisela. Andizange ndiyiqonde loo nto. Oko abanye bathi "umkhosi weChinnesian" ngumgaqo oye wahlala ixesha elide. Sifumana itoni yokutyalomali kwezempi kumazwe aseMzantsi, kungekhona nje ngenjongo yokuzikhusela, kodwa njengendlela yokuphuhlisa kwezoqoqosho. Kutheni abantu bengaboni oku njengenkqubo enkulu yokubuyisela kwakhona?
“Caverley: Ewe, ndiyavumelana naloo lwakhiwo. Ukuba ubukela naluphi na umkhankaso we-congressional okanye ukhangele nayiphi na inxibelelwano yommeli kunye nabamalungu akhe, uya kubona ukuba bathetha ngokufumana inxaxheba yabo enhle yemali yokukhusela.
“Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba nokuba awucingi ngenkcitho yokhuselo njengenkqubo yokuphinda usasaze, ngumzekelo weklasikhi wohlobo lwempahla yoluntu enikwa ngurhulumente. Wonke umntu uyaxhamla kukhuseleko lukarhulumente - ayingobantu abazizityebi kuphela. Ukhuselo lwesizwe ngokuqinisekileyo yenye yezona ndawo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ubone iipolitiki, kuba ukuba awuhlawuli kakhulu, uza kucela ezinye. ”
Ngoko, ubuncinci inxalenye yombono kubonakala ukuba ubutyebi buhanjiswa kwiindawo eziphathekayo zeendawo zaseMerika ezihlwempuzekileyo. Kukho inyaniso kuloo nto. Kodwa qoqosho Kucacile ukuba, iyonke, inkcitho yezomkhosi ivelisa imisebenzi embalwa kunye nemisebenzi ehlawula kakubi, kwaye inenzuzo encinci yoqoqosho, kunenkcitho yemfundo, inkcitho yeziseko zophuhliso, okanye ezinye iintlobo zenkcitho yoluntu, okanye ukuncitshiswa kwerhafu kubantu abasebenzayo- Ngokwenkcazo kusasazwa ezantsi ukuhanjiswa kwakhona. Ngoku, inkcitho yezomkhosi inokuluhluza uqoqosho kwaye ibonwa njengokunyusa uqoqosho, kwaye umbono yeyona nto igqiba ngenkxaso yezomkhosi. Ngokufanayo, imali yesiqhelo "yesiqhelo" yokuchitha emkhosini inokuthi iqhubeke ngesantya esingaphezulu kwamaxesha ali-10 achitha emfazweni, kwaye umbono ngokubanzi kuwo onke amacala ezopolitiko zase-US inokuba ziimfazwe ezixabisa isixa esikhulu semali. Kodwa kufuneka sibamkele ubunyani naxa sixoxa ngefuthe lokuqonda.
Kwaye ke kukho umbono wokuba ubukhosi buzuze wonke umntu, ophikisana nenyani yokuba imfazwe ingozi izizwe eziyirholayo, ukuba "ukuzikhusela" kwiimfazwe enyanisweni akulunganga. Nale, nayo, kufuneka yamkelwe. Kwaye mhlawumbi-nangona ndiyithandabuza-ukuba ukwamkelwa kuyenziwa encwadini.
Iipolls zibonisa ukupheliswa kwenkxaso ngokubanzi kwiimfazwe ngaphandle kwamaxesha athile obuxoki. Ukuba ngala maxesha kunokuboniswa ukuba abantu base-US abanengeniso ephantsi baphethe umthwalo omkhulu wenkxaso yemfazwe, oko kufanele ukuba kuvavanywe- kodwa ngaphandle kokucinga ukuba abaxhasi bemfazwe banesizathu esivakalayo sokunika inkxaso. Ewe, uCaverley unikezela ngezizathu ezongezelelweyo zokuba kutheni benokulahleka:
"I-Holland: Makhe ndikubuze malunga nenkcazo yokuphikisa isizathu sokuba abantu abahlwempuzekileyo basenokusekela imikhosi yempi. Kwiphepha, ukhankanya ingcamango yokuba abemi abancinci abangaphantsi banokukwazi ukuthenga into eniyibiza ngokuthi "inkolelo yobukhosi." Ngaba ungaziqhawula loo nto?
“Caverley: Ukuze sihambe imfazwe, kufuneka sidemoni kwelinye icala. Akuyinto encinci ukuba iqela elinye labantu likhuthaze ukubulala elinye iqela labantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unobungakanani obucinga ukuba uluntu lungaba. Ngoko ke ngokuqhelekileyo kuninzi kwengozi yokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokwakhiwa kwesongelo, kwaye oko kuhamba nommandla wemfazwe.
“Ke kwishishini lam, abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ingxaki kukuba abantu abadumileyo bayahlangana kwaye, ngenxa yezizathu zokuzingca, bafuna ukuya emfazweni. Kuyinyani nokuba kukugcina amasimi abo ebhanana kuMbindi Merika okanye bathengise izixhobo okanye yintoni onayo.
"Kwaye bayila ezi ntsomi zobukumkani - ezi zoyikiso zinyusiweyo, ezi zingwe zamaphepha, nantoni na ofuna ukuyibiza- kwaye uzame ukudibanisa ilizwe liphela ukuba lilwe ungquzulwano olungenakuba lunyango lwabo.
"Ukuba bebechanile, uyakubona ukuba izimvo zabantu zomgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle - umbono wabo wobukhulu besoyikiso-ungangqinelana nengeniso. Kodwa emva kokuba ulawule imfundo, andifumananga ukuba ezi mbono zahlukile ngokobutyebi okanye umvuzo wakho. ”
Oku kubonakala kuncinci kum. Akukho mbuzo ukuba abaphathi bakaRaytheon kunye namagosa akhethiweyo abaxhasayo baya kubona ukuqonda ngokubambisana ngamacala omabini emfazwe kunokuba umntu oqhelekileyo weyiphi na ingeniso okanye umgangatho wezemfundo uya kubona. Kodwa abo baphathi kunye nezopolitiko abayiyo iqela elibalulekileyo xa bethetha ngokubanzi malunga nezityebi kunye nehlwempu e-United States. Uninzi lwabaxhamli bemfazwe, ngaphezu koko, banokukholelwa zabo iinkolelo, ubuncinane xa bethetha nabapolisi. Ukuba abantu baseMelika abangenayo imali abayiphuthayo asikho isizathu sokucinga ukuba abantu baseMelika abangenayo imali engenakulungiswa. Caverley uthi:
“Into ebenomdla kum kukuba enye yezona zinto ziqikelela umnqweno wakho wokuchitha imali ukuzikhusela yayingumnqweno wakho wokuchitha imali kwezemfundo, umnqweno wakho wokuchitha imali kwezempilo, umnqweno wakho wokuchitha imali ezindleleni. Ndothuswe nyani yile nto yokuba akukho nto ingako yokurhweba 'ngemipu nebhotolo' ezingqondweni zabaninzi abaphendulayo kolu luvo lwabantu. ”
Oku kubonakala kulungile. Akukho nani likhulu labantu baseMelika abakwazileyo kule minyaka idlulileyo ukwenza unxibelelwano phakathi kweJamani ichithe iipesenti ezi-4 zamanqanaba ase-US emkhosini wayo kwaye inikezela ngekholeji yasimahla, phakathi kwenkcitho yase-US kanye nehlabathi liphela elidityaniswe kumalungiselelo emfazwe kunye nokukhokelela abazizityebi kwihlabathi elingenamakhaya, ukungakhuseleki kokutya, intswela-ngqesho, ukuvalelwa entolongweni, njalo njalo. Oku kuyinxalenye, ndiyacinga, kuba amaqela amabini ezopolitiko akhetha inkcitho enkulu emkhosini, ngelixa elinye lichasa elinye lixhasa iiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zokuchitha; Ingxoxo ke iyaqhubeka phakathi kwale nxamnye nenkcitho gabalala, kungekho mntu ubuzayo ukuba uchitha ntoni?
Ukuthetha ngeentsomi, nantsi enye egcina inkxaso ye-bipartisan yokulwa kwezomkhosi:
"IHolland: Isincamathelisi esingumfumba apha kukuba umfuziselo wakho uqikelela ukuba njengoko ukungalingani kusanda, abemi abaqhelekileyo baya kuyixhasa ngakumbi imikhosi yezomkhosi, kwaye ekugqibeleni kwidemokhrasi, oku kungakhokelela kwimigaqo-nkqubo yamanye amazwe. Njani le jibe ngento eyaziwa ngokuba yi "demokrasi yoxolo ithiyori" -imbono yokuba idemokhrasi ayinyamezeli kwaphela ungquzulwano kwaye mancinci amathuba okuba aye emfazweni kuneenkqubo ezininzi zobukhosi?
“Caverley: Ewe, kuxhomekeke kwinto ocinga ukuba uqhuba uxolo lwentando yesininzi. Ukuba ucinga ukuba yindlela yokukhusela iindleko, oku akusizi kakuhle ukuthula kwentando yeninzi. Ndiza kuthetha abantu abaninzi endincokolayo kwishishini lam, sinokuqinisekiswa kobudemokhrasi obufana nxamnye nokulwa neemfazwe ezininzi. Bazama nje ukuba bangalwi. Kwaye mhlawumbi inkcazelo engcono yileyo ihamba ngokubanzi. Uluntu alufuni nje ukuxhasa inkxaso yemfazwe nxamnye noluntu, oko kuthetha.
Ukuyibeka ngokulula, xa idemokhrasi inokukhetha phakathi kozakuzo kunye nobundlobongela ukusombulula iingxaki zomgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle, ukuba iindleko zenye yezi ziyehla, izakubeka ngaphezulu kwento yayo. "
Le yintsomi ethandekayo, kodwa iyawa xa idityaniswa nenyani, ubuncinci ukuba umntu uphatha amazwe afana ne-United States "njengeedemokhrasi." I-United States inembali ende yokubhukuqa idemokhrasi kunye nokubhukuqwa komkhosi wobunjineli, ukusukela ngo-1953 ukuya e-Iran ukuza kuthi ga kule mihla iHonduras, iVenezuela, iUkraine, njl. Njl. inyani, ngokucinga ukuba oku kungenxa yokuba ezinye iidemokhrasi zinokusetyenzwa ngokufanelekileyo, ngelixa izizwe ezihlasela thina ziqonda kuphela oko kuthiwa lulwimi lobundlobongela. Urhulumente wase-United States unoozwilakhe abaninzi nookumkani njengamaqabane asondeleyo kuloo nto ukuba abambe. Ngapha koko ityebile ngezixhobo kodwa amazwe ahluphekayo kwezoqoqosho athambekele ekuhlaselweni nokuba akayidemokhrasi na kwaye nokuba abantu basekhaya bayayithanda na. Ukuba nabaphi na abazizityebi baseMelika bayalujika olu hlobo lomgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle, ndiyabacenga ukuba baxhase ku khuthaza oya kubeka endaweni yeso sixhobo esisebenzayo kunye nesincinci sokubulala.
