Ngaphandle kweCOVID-19, uMkhosi wase-US uyaqhubeka nokuSebenza eMfazwe eYurophu nakwiPasifiki nakwizicwangciso zezinto ezingakumbi ngo-2021

NguAnn Wright, Meyi 23, 2020

Ngexesha lobhubhane we-COVID 19, ayisiyiyo kuphela imikhosi yase-US eya kuba nomkhosi omkhulu waselwandle kwihlabathi liphela, ngeRim yePacific (RIMPAC) eza emanzini isuka eHawaii Agasti 17-31, 2020 izisa izizwe ezingama-26, amajoni angama-25,000, ukuya kuthi ga kwiinqanawa ezingama-50 kunye neenkwili kunye namakhulu eenqwelomoya phakathi kwesibetho se-COVID 19 kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa umkhosi wase-US unomdlalo womlo wabantu abangama-6,000 ngoJuni 2020 ePoland. Umbuso waseHawaii unamanyathelo aluqilima wokulwa ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane ye-COVID19, ngokunyanzelwa kweentsuku ezili-14 ukubekwa bodwa kwabo bonke abantu abafika eHawaii-abahlali ababuyayo kunye neendwendwe. Oku ukuvalelwa kuyafuneka de kube ubuncinci nge-30 kaJuni, 2020.

Ukuba le ibingeyonto mininzi yokusebenza emkhosini ngexesha lobhubhane apho abasebenzi kwiinqanawa ezingama-40 zaseMelika behlile nge-COVID 19 ene-hyper-esosulelayo kunye nabezomkhosi kunye neentsapho zabo baxelelwe ukuba bangahambi, izicwangciso ziyaqhubeka zomkhosi wase-US ubungakanani bovavanyo lokulinganisa kwingingqi ye-Indo-Pacific  ingaphantsi konyaka-ngonyaka ka-2021 abaswelayo 2021, Umkhosi wase-US ucele i-364 yezigidi zeedola ukuqhuba imisebenzi yemfazwe kuwo onke amazwe aseAsia nasePasifiki.

I-pivot kwi-Pacific, eyaqala phantsi kolawulo luka-Obama, kwaye ngoku phantsi kolawulo lukaTrump, ibonakaliswe kwi Isicwangciso-nkqubo seSizwe sezoKhuselo (NDS) ebona umhlaba "njengokhuphiswano olukhulu lwamandla endaweni yokulwa nokulwa kwaye yenze isicwangciso sayo sokujongana neChina njengomntu okhuphisana nobuchule bexesha elide."

Kule nyanga, ngoMeyi 2020, uMkhosi waselwandle wase-US uxhasa umgaqo-nkqubo wePentagon “wasimahla novulekileyo we-Indo-Pacific” ojolise ekulweni ukwanda kwe China kuLwandle lwase China kunye nokubonisa amandla okuphikisa izimvo zokuba amandla oMkhosi wamanzi waseMelika. Imikhosi incitshisiwe yi-COVID-19, uthumele ubuncinci oomkhumbi abasixhenxe, kubandakanya zonke iinqanawa ezine zokuhlasela ezisekwe eGuam, iinqanawa ezininzi zaseHawaii kunye ne-USS esekwe e-USS Alexandria eya eNtshona Pacific kwinto iPacific Fleet Submarine Force eyabhengeza esidlangalaleni ukuba bonke abo babethunyelwe ngaphambili babesenza kwangaxeshanye "ukuphendula ngokungxamisekileyo. imisebenzi. ”

Ubume bomkhosi wase-US ePacific buya kutshintshwa ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neQhinga loKhuselo leSizwe elivela e-China, ukuqala nge-US Marine Corps ukudala amabutho emikhosi amatsha aya kuba mancinci ukuxhasa umlo wokuhamba ngenqanawa kwaye uyilelwe ukuxhasa umbono wokulwa owaziwa njenge UkuSebenza okuSisiseko okuSisiseko. Imikhosi yaseLwandle yase-US iyakwabelwa indawo kwaye isasazwe ngaphesheya kwePasifiki kwiziqithi okanye kwiziseko zokuhamba ngeenqanawa. Njengoko i-Marine Corps isusa izixhobo zayo zemveli kunye neeyunithi, iiMarines ziceba ukutyala imali kwimililo yexesha elide, ukuqonda kunye neenkqubo ezingagunyaziswanga, liphindwe kabini inani leqela elingacwangciswanga. Ku yenza olu tshintsho kwisicwangciso sobuchule, Iinqwelo-moya zomkhosi waselwandle ziya kuhla ziye kuma-21 ukusuka kuma-24, iibhetri zokudubula ziya kuhlanu ziye ku-2, iinkampani zezithuthi ezihamba emanzini ziya kuncitshiswa ukusuka kwezintandathu kunye ne-F-35B kunye ne-F-35C Lightning II iinqwelo zokulwa ziya kuba neenqwelomoya ezimbalwa, ukusuka kwiinqwelo-moya ezili-16 ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10. UMkhosi waseLwandle uza kuyisusa imikhosi yawo yokunyanzeliswa komthetho, iiyunithi ezakha iibhlorho kwaye zinciphise abasebenzi abasebenza nge-12,000 kwiminyaka elishumi.

Iyunithi esekwe eHawaii ebizwa ngokuba yi Umkhosi weLwandle weLwandle   kulindeleke ukuba ibenama-1,800 ukuya kuma-2,000 XNUMX oLwandle axhonywe ubukhulu becala ibathathu yamajoni asemanzini azinze eKaneohe Marine Base. Uninzi lweenkampani kunye neebhetri zokudubula eziza kwenza i-littoral anti-air battalion ziya kuvela kwiiyunithi ezingekhoyo ngoku eHawaii.

The I-III Marine Expeditionary Force, ese-Okinawa, eJapan, eyona ndawo iphambili yaselwandle kwingingqi yePasifiki, iyakutshintshwa ibe neendlela ezintathu zokuziphatha zaselwandle eziqeqeshiweyo nezixhotyisiweyo ukuze zisebenze kwimimandla yeelwandle ekhuphisanayo. Lo mmandla uya kuba namayunithi amathathu ophuculo lwaselwandle abenokusetyenziselwa umhlaba jikelele. Ezinye iiyunithi ezimbini zokunyanzeliswa kwemikhosi yaselwandle ziya kubonelela ngemikhosi kwi-III MEF.

Imidlalo yemfazwe yase-US eYurophu, i-Defender Yurophu 2020 sele iqhubeka nemikhosi kunye nezixhobo ezifika kumazibuko aseYurophu kwaye ziya kuxabisa malunga ne-340 yezigidi zeedola, ephantse yahambelana noko kufunwa ngumkhosi wase-US kwi-FY21 yenguqulo yePacific ye-Defender uthotho lwemfazwe. Umkhuseli u-2020 uza kuba sePoland nge-5 ukuya ku-19 kwaye uza kubanjelwa eDraws Pomorskie kwindawo yoQeqesho emantla ntshona ePoland ngokusebenza ngenqwelomoya ePoland kunye nokuwela umlambo okwehlula ubungakanani base-US-Polish.

Engaphezulu kwe Ama-6,000 amajoni aseMelika nasePoland Uya kuthatha inxaxheba kulo msebenzi, ubizwa ngokuba nguMoya oManyeneyo. Yayicwangciselwe uMeyi ekuqaleni, kwaye inxulunyaniswa noMkhuseli-waseYurophu u-2020, owona msebenzi mkhulu wamajoni eYurophu kumashumi eminyaka. I-Defender-Yurophu yacinywa ikakhulu ngenxa yobhubhane.

Umkhosi wase-US eYurophu ucwangcisa imithambo eyongezelelweyo kwiinyanga ezizayo egxile kwiinjongo zoqeqesho ezichazwe ngaphambili kwi-Defender-Europe, kubandakanya ukusebenza nezixhobo ezivela kwisitokhwe sangaphambi kokubekwa eYurophu kunye nokuqhuba imisebenzi yokuhanjiswa komoya kwindawo yeBalkan kunye noMnyama woLwandle.

Kwi-FY20, uMkhosi uya kuqhuba i-Defender Pacific ngelixa Ukukhusela iYurophu iya kufumana utyalomali ngakumbi kunye nokugxila. Kodwa emva koko ingqalelo kunye needola ziya kutshintshela kwiPacific kwi-FY21.  Ukukhusela iYurophu iya kubuyiselwa umva kwi-FY21. Umkhosi ucela nje imali ezizigidi ezili-150 zeedola ukwenza lo msebenzi eYurophu, ngokutsho komkhosi.

KwiPasifiki, umkhosi wase-US unemikhosi engama-85,000 emiswe ngokusisigxina kwingingqi ye-Indo-Pacific kwaye ikhulisa uthotho lwayo lokuzilolonga olubizwa  Iindlela zePasifiki ngokwandisa ixesha iiyunithi zomkhosi zikumazwe aseAsia nasePacific, kubandakanya nasePhilippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia nase Brunei. Ikomkhulu lecandelo kunye neqela lamagosa aza kuba nefayile ye- Imeko yoLwandle lwase-China China Apho baya kuba bejikeleze ulwandle lwase-China China kunye ne-Mpuma yeLwandle i-China ngexesha leentsuku ezingama-30 ukuya kwengama-45.

Kwi-2019, phantsi kwemithambo yePacific Pathways, iiyunithi zomkhosi wase-US zaziseThailand iinyanga ezintathu neenyanga ezine kwiiPhilippines. Umkhosi wase-US uxoxa norhulumente wase-Indiya malunga nokwandisa ukuzivocavoca emkhosini ukusuka nje kumakhulu ambalwa abasebenzi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2,500 ixesha lokuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu- "Isinika ubukho kwingingqi ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuba sikhona ngokusisigxina," Ngokomkhosi wase-US we-Pacific oyalela ngokubanzi. Ukuqhekeka kwimithambo emikhulu, iiyunithi ezincinci zomkhosi wase-US ziya kuthumela kumazwe afana nePalau neFiji ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimithambo okanye eminye iminyhadala yoqeqesho.

NgoMeyi, 2020, i Urhulumente wase-Australia uxele ukuba ulibaziseko lweenyanga ezintandathu lokujikeleza ama-2500 e-US Marines kwiziko lomkhosi kwisixeko esikumantla sase-Darwin e-Australia liza kuqhubeka ngokuhambelana ngqo nokuthotyelwa kwamanyathelo e-Covid-19 kubandakanya ukuvalelwa yedwa iintsuku ezili-14. AmaMarines ayecwangciselwe ukuba afike ngo-Epreli kodwa ukufika kwawo kwamiswa ngo-Matshi ngenxa ye-COVID 19. Indawo ekumantla ekude, eyayirekhode amatyala angama-30 kuphela e-Covid-19, ivala imida yayo kubakhenkethi bamazwe aphesheya kunye nabangaphandle ngo-Matshi, nakuphi na ukufika. Kuya kufuneka ngoku uvalelwe yedwa kwiintsuku ezili-14. Ukuthunyelwa koLwandle lwaseMelika e-Australia kwaqala ngo-2012 ngabasebenzi abangama-250 kwaye bakhule baba ngama-2,500 XNUMX.

Indawo yokudibana yaseMelika Pine Gap, iSebe lezoKhuselo lase-US kunye nendawo yokujonga i-CIA ekhomba i-airstrike kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ijolise kwizixhobo zenyukliya, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi yezomkhosi kunye neyezobuntlola. ukulungelelanisa umgaqo-nkqubo wawo kunye neenkqubo ukuthobela izithintelo zikarhulumente wase-Australia COVID.

Njengoko umkhosi wase-US usandisa ubukho bawo e-Asiya nasePacific, indawo enye ngekhe ibuyele eWuhan, China. Ngo-Okthobha u-2019, iPentagon yathumela amaqela ali-17 angaphezulu kweembaleki ezingama-280 kunye nabanye abasebenzi kwi Imidlalo yeHlabathi yezomkhosi eWuhan, China. Ngaphezulu kwe-100 yamazwe athumele inani lamajoni angama-10,000 e-Wuhan ngo-Okthobha, ngo-2019. Ubukho bomkhosi omkhulu wase-US e-Wuhan kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuqhambuka kwe-COVID19 e Wuhan ngoDisemba ka-2019, yavuselela ithiyori ngamagosa aseTshayina ukuba umkhosi wase-US ubandakanyeke ngandlela thile kuqhushumbo ngoku olusetyenzisiweyo kulawulo lukaTrump kunye nabalingane bayo kwiCongress kunye nabezindaba ukuba amaTshayina asebenzisa ngabom intsholongwane yokosulela umhlaba kunye nokongeza ukuzithethelela ngokwakha komkhosi wase-US kwingingqi yePasifiki.

U-Ann Wright usebenze iminyaka engama-29 kwi-US Army / Army Reserves kunye nomhlala phantsi njengoColonel. Wayengunozakuzaku wase-US iminyaka eli-16 kwaye wakhonza kwiiNdlu zoonozakuzaku base-US eNicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Micronesia, Afghanistan naseMongolia. Uyekile kurhulumente wase-US ngo-Matshi 2003 ngokuchasene nemfazwe yase-US e-Iraq. Ulilungu le World BEYOND War, Veterans for Peace, Hawaii Peace and Justice, CODEPINK: Abafazi boxolo kunye nomanyano lwaseGaza Flotilla.