Ingxabano yangoku malunga ne-ICBMs yingxabano malunga nendlela yokulungisa oomatshini beDoomsday.

NguNorman Solomon, World BEYOND War, UDisemba 15, 2021

Izixhobo zenyukliya zisencotsheni yoko uMartin Luther King Omnci. wakubiza ngokuba “kukuphambana komkhosi.” Ukuba ukhetha ukungacingi ngabo, kuyaqondakala. Kodwa icebo elinjalo lokuhlangabezana nelo linexabiso elilinganiselweyo. Kwaye abo benza ingeniso enkulu kumalungiselelo okutshatyalaliswa kwehlabathi baxhotyiswa ngakumbi kukukuphepha kwethu.

Kwinqanaba lomgaqo-nkqubo welizwe, ukuchithwa kwenyukliya kuqhelekile kangangokuba bambalwa abaphinda bakucinge oko. Kodwa okuqhelekileyo akuthethi ukuba unengqondo. Njenge-epigraph yencwadi yakhe eqaqambileyo Umatshini womgwebo, uDaniel Ellsberg unikela isicatshulwa esifanelekileyo ngokuzolileyo esivela kuFriedrich Nietzsche: “Impambano ebantwini yinto enqabileyo; kodwa ngokwamaqela, amaqela, izizwe namaxesha, ngumgaqo.”

Ngoku, ezinye iingcali zomgaqo-nkqubo wezixhobo zenyukliya zase-USA kunye nabanye abathetheleli bolawulo lwezixhobo bavaleleke kwimpikiswano eshushu malunga nekamva le-ICBMs: imijukujelwa ye-ballistic yamazwe ngamazwe. Yimpikiswano phakathi kokusekwa "kokhuseleko lwesizwe" - isihogo esijolise kwii-ICBMs "zesimanje" - kunye nabahlalutyi bomgaqo-nkqubo wenyukliya, abakhetha ukugcina i-ICBMs yangoku isendaweni. Omabini amacala akafuni ukuvuma imfuneko enzulu yokuwasusa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukupheliswa kwee-ICBMs ukunciphisa kakhulu amathuba embubhiso yenyukliya yehlabathi lonke. I-ICBMs zisengozini ngokukodwa ekuhlaselweni okusebenzayo, kwaye ngoko azinalo ixabiso lokuthintela. Endaweni yokuba “zithintele,” ii-ICBMs ngamadada ahlala emhlabeni, kwaye ngenxa yeso sizathu zimiselwe “ukuqaliswa ngesilumkiso.”

Ngenxa yoko, ingaba ingxelo yemijukujelwa engenayo ichanekile okanye i-alam yobuxoki, umphathi-mkhosi uya kufuneka athathe isigqibo ngokukhawuleza ukuba "asebenzise okanye alahlekelwe" ii-ICBMs. “Ukuba izixhobo zethu zoluvo zibonisa ukuba imijukujelwa yotshaba isendleleni esinge eUnited States, umongameli kuya kufuneka acinge ngokuqalisa ii-ICBMs ngaphambi kokuba imijukujelwa yotshaba izitshabalalise; xa sele ziqalisiwe, azinakukhunjulwa,” owayesakuba nguNobhala Wezomkhosi uWilliam Perry wabhala. "Umongameli unokuba nemizuzu engaphantsi kwe-30 ukwenza eso sigqibo sibi."

Iingcali ezifana noPerry zicacile njengoko zinjalo xhasa ukuba kucinywe ii-ICBMs. Kodwa umkhosi we-ICBM yinkomo yemali engcwele. Kwaye iingxelo zeendaba ngoku zibonakalisa iimpikiswano malunga nendlela yokuqhubeka ukondla ngayo.

Kwiveki ephelileyo, uMgcini umbiko ukuba iPentagon iyalele uphononongo lwangaphandle lweenketho ze-ICBMs. Ingxaki kukuba, ezi zimbini iinketho eziqwalaselwayo - ukwandisa ubomi bemijukujelwa yeMinuteman III esetyenzisiweyo ngoku okanye ukuyibuyisela ngenkqubo entsha yomjukujelwa - ayenzi nto ukunciphisa ukwanda kweengozi zemfazwe yenyukliya, kanti ukuphelisa ii-ICBMs zesizwe kuya kuzinciphisa kakhulu ezo ngozi.

Kodwa enkulu Izixhobo zokuphembelela i-ICBM ihlala ikwigiya eliphezulu, inenzuzo enkulu yeshishini emngciphekweni. UNorthrop Grumman ufumene ikhontrakthi ye-13.3 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ukuze aqhubeke nokuphuhlisa inkqubo entsha ye-ICBM, ngokulahlekisayo ebizwa ngokuba yiGround Based Strategic Deterrent. Konke kungqamaniso nokuzinikela kwezopolitiko okuzenzekelayo kwii-ICBMs kwiCongress kunye nesebe lesigqeba.

Inxalenye esekwe elwandle kunye ne-air-based "i-nuclear triad" (i-submarines kunye neebhomu) ayinakukhuseleka ekuhlaselweni ngempumelelo - ngokungafaniyo ne-ICBMs, esengozini ngokupheleleyo. I-subs kunye neziqhushumbisi, ezikwazi ukutshabalalisa naliphi na ilizwe kunye nawo onke amazwe ekujoliswe kuwo amaxesha amaninzi, zibonelela kakhulu "uthintelo" kunokuba nabani na anokukufuna ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ii-ICBMs zichasene nesithintelo. Ngokwenyani, zezona zinto ekujoliswe kuzo kugwayimbo lwenyukliya lokuqala ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni, kwaye ngesizathu esinye azinakuba namandla “okuthintela” ukuziphindezela. I-ICBMs inomsebenzi omnye obonakalayo-ukuba "isiponji" ukufunxa ukuqala kwemfazwe yenyukliya.

Uxhobile kwaye uqhubeke isivuseleli sokuvusa iinwele, ii-ICBMs zelizwe ezingama-400 zendele nzulu - hayi kuphela kwizisele ezingaphantsi komhlaba. usasazeke kwizizwe ezintlanu, kodwa nakwiingqondo zokusekwa kwezopolitiko zase-US. Ukuba injongo kukufumana igalelo elikhulu lephulo elivela kwiikontraka zomkhosi, ukuphembelela iingeniso ezihlekisayo zomkhosi womkhosi, kwaye uhlale ulungelelaniswa nembonakalo elawula imithombo yeendaba, ezo ngqondo zinengqiqo. Ukuba injongo kukuthintela imfazwe yenyukliya, iingqondo azithinteli.

Njengoko u-Ellsberg kunye nam sabhala kwi- inqaku kwiSizwe ngoku kukwindla, “Ukuvaleleka kwingxoxo malunga neyona ndlela iphantsi yokugcina ii-ICBMs zisebenza kwizisele zazo akuphumeleli. Imbali yezixhobo zenyukliya kweli lizwe isixelela ukuba abantu abazukugcina iindleko ukuba bakholelwa ukuba ukuchitha imali kuya kubenza bakhuseleke ngokwenene bona kunye nabo babathandayo- kufuneka sibabonise ukuba ii-ICBM zenza okwahlukileyo. Nokuba iRussia kunye neTshayina azizange ziphinde zibuye, iziphumo zokuvalwa kwe-US kuzo zonke ii-ICBMs zayo ziya kuba kukunciphisa kakhulu amathuba emfazwe yenyukliya.

KwiCapitol Hill, ezo nyani zimfiliba kwaye zisecaleni kwenqaku xa kuthelekiswa nombono othe ngqo wetonela kunye namandla obulumko obuqhelekileyo. Kumalungu eNkongolo, ukuvota rhoqo ukuze kusetyenziswe iibhiliyoni zeedola kwizixhobo zenyukliya kubonakala kuyindalo. Iingqikelelo zeroti ezicela umngeni malunga ne-ICBMs kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuphazamisa umngcelele osingise kwi-apocalypse yenyukliya.

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UNorman Solomon ngumlawuli wesizwe weRootsAction.org kunye nombhali weencwadi ezininzi kubandakanya Imfazwe Yenziwe Kulula: Njani AbaMongameli kunye namaPundits Ahlala Esihlisela Ekufeni. Wayengummeli kaBernie Sanders ovela eCalifornia ukuya kwiiNdibano zeSizwe zeDemokhrasi ka-2016 kunye no-2020. USolomon ngumseki kunye nomphathi olawulayo kwiZiko lokuChaneka kukaRhulumente.