'Inkunkuma Enkulu': Abawongwa ngewonga leNobel babizele i-2% yokuNcitshiswa kwenkcitho yasemkhosini kwihlabathi liphela

NguDan Sabbagh, Guardian, UDisemba 14, 2021

Bangaphezu kwama-50 abawongwa bakaNobel abatyikitye ileta evulekileyo ecela onke amazwe ukuba anciphise inkcitho yawo yasemkhosini nge-2% ngonyaka kule minyaka mihlanu izayo, kwaye abeke isiqingatha semali egciniweyo kwingxowa-mali ye-UN yokulwa ubhubhane, ingxaki yemozulu, kunye nokugqithisela. ubuhlwempu.

Iququzelelwa yingcali yefiziksi yaseItali UCarlo Rovelli, ileta ixhaswa liqela elikhulu lezenzululwazi kunye nezibalo kuquka UMhlekazi uRoger Penrose, kwaye ipapashwa ngexesha apho ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwehlabathi kukhokelele ekwandeni okuthe chu kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwezixhobo.

"Oorhulumente ngabanye baphantsi koxinzelelo lokunyusa inkcitho yasemkhosini kuba abanye benza njalo," abasayinileyo bathi ukuxhasa ukuqaliswa okutsha. Iphulo lolwahlulo loxolo. "Inkqubo yengxelo igcina ugqatso lwezixhobo ezijikelezayo - inkcitho enkulu yemithombo enokusetyenziswa ngobulumko ngakumbi."

Iqela elikumgangatho ophezulu lithi isicwangciso silingana “nesindululo esilula, esibambekayo kuluntu”, nangona kungekho themba liqinisekileyo lokuba ukucuthwa kwenkcitho emkhosini kuya kwenziwa ngoorhulumente abakhulu okanye abaphakathi, okanye ukuba naziphi na iimali ezigciniweyo ziya kunikezelwa. kwi-UN nakwii-arhente zayo.

Iyonke inkcitho yasemkhosini ifikelele kwi-1,981 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (£1,496bn) kunyaka ophelileyo, ukonyuka nge-2.6%. ngokutsho kweStockholm International Peace Research Institute. Abona bantu bachitha imali enkulu yayiyi-US (i-$ 778bn), i-China (i-$ 252bn), i-Indiya (i-$ 72.9bn), iRashiya (i-$ 61.7bn) kunye ne-UK (i-$ 59.2bn) - bonke abongeze uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwabo ngo-2020.

Ukukhula kwengxabano phakathi kweRashiya kunye nentshona kwiimeko ezifana ne-Ukraine naphakathi I-China kunye ne-US kunye namahlakani ayo ePasifiki ngaphezulu kweTaiwan baye bancedisa ekunyukeni kwenkcitho, ngelixa kwiminyaka yakutshanje ezinye izivumelwano zokungaxhasi njengesivumelwano se-INF, esigcina imijukujelwa yenyukliya iphuma eYurophu, bavunyelwe ukuba baphelelwe.

Abatyikitye le leta bathi ugqatso lwezixhobo lunokukhokelela “kungquzulwano olubulalayo nolutshabalalisayo” baze bongezelele ngelithi: “Sinesiphakamiso esilula kuluntu: oorhulumente bamazwe angamalungu eZizwe Ezimanyeneyo bathethathethana ngokuncitshiswa kwenkcitho yabo emkhosini ngesi-2% minyaka le. iminyaka emihlanu.”

Abanye abaxhasi bale leta babandakanya inkokeli yokomoya yaseTibet uDalai Llama, ophumelele ibhaso loxolo likaNobel, kunye nesazi ngebhayoloji kunye nonjingalwazi weYunivesithi yaseCambridge uSir Venki Ramakrishnan kunye nesazi sebhayoloji saseMelika uCarol Greider.

Bahlaba ikhwelo kwiinkokeli zopolitiko zehlabathi ukuba zivumele “isiqingatha semithombo yobutyebi ekhululwe sesi sivumelwano” ukuba yabelwe “ingxowa-mali yehlabathi, phantsi kweliso le-UN, ukujongana neengxaki ezinzulu zoluntu: ubhubhane, utshintsho lwemozulu, kunye nobuhlwempu obugqithisileyo”. Ingxowa-mali enjalo, babanga, ingaba yi-$1tn ngo-2030.