I-Classical Conditioning for Peace

By UDavid Swanson, Oktobha 22, 2108.

Ngokutsho kohlalutyo lomgqugquzeli wamapolisa UDave Grossman, isizathu sokuba kuphela iinqanaba zamajoni azame ukubulala kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II kunye neemfazwe zangaphambili kwakuyeke ukuphazamisa ukubulala. Kwaye isizathu sokuba ininzi yamajoni ase-US (ama-marines, oomkhombe, njl njl. Njl.) Azame ukubulala emashumini eminyaka edlulileyo "isimo sengqondo." Umlilo okhwela emlilweni engacingi, ukuba uye wahlanjululwa ngokuphindaphinda ukwenza njalo. Amajoni abulala ngaphandle kokucinga, ukuba aqeqeshelwe ukwenza njalo ngokuphindaphindiweyo kokufaniswa kokubulala.

Ewe, emva koko, awukwazi ukuyeka abantu ukuba bacinge ngezinto abakwenzileyo. Isizathu esiphezulu sokufa emkhosini wase-US siyazibulala, kwaye isibonakaliso esiphezulu somngcipheko wokuzibulala sisilwa necala.

Ndiyazi ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba urhulumente wayeza kutyalomisa kakhulu kwiintengiso kunye nokuqashwa, aze ahlawule amakhulu eminyaka yabantu abatsha abafumana imirholo emihle ukuba ibe yimeko yoxolo. Ndiyicinga ukuba into enye engayi kuba yinto yokuzisola kunye netyala elibangelwa ukuzibulala. Kodwa ingaba imeko enjalo ibonakala ngathi, kwaye ingaba yintoni na umphumo ongezantsi?

Andizange ndicinge ngale nto ngaphambili, ngokuyinhloko, ndicinga, kuba andifuni ukukhohlisa umntu ukuba abe noxolo, kwaye akakholelwa ukuba kuyimfuneko. Xa ndithetha nabantu abakholelwa ukuba imfazwe iya kulungiswa, kwaye ngubani ovulekile ukuthetha ngawo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokuba ndibaxhobise ngcokola ngokukhawuleza enentlonelo yokuba empini imfazwe ayinakulungiswa. Ukuba ndandifumana iiyure eziyi-billion ze-7.6 zokuchitha iyure nomntu ngamnye, ndithi, ndikwazi ukuthetha nabo abaninzi benkolelo emfazweni, kwaye abanye babo bathathe isenzo sokulungisa amalungiselelo karhulumente emfazwe.

Nangona kunjalo, ndandibukela umboniso weNetflix apho kwenziwe umzamo wokumisela umntu uxolo. Ubuncinane yindlela enye yokujonga kulo mboniso. Kubizwa Ngelelo nguDerren Brown. Ndiza kuphazamisa nayiphi na into emangalisayo kuyo.

Yeka ukufunda apha ukuphepha abaphangi.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Guardian, Metro, yaye Isimangalo Akazange afane nalo mboniso, kwaye ngokubanzi aphikisana nesigqibo sokuziphatha ukuba asebenze umntu ofundayo. Ukukholelwa umvelisi weembonakalo, nangona kunjalo, le ndoda yayivuyiswa kakhulu xa ihlolwe njalo. Nasiphi na isiganeko, umntu uya kuba nzima kakhulu ukufumana umshicileli wezobambiswano ukuchasana nokunyanzeliswa kwabantwana ngokusebenzisa imidlalo yevidiyo kunye namafilimu emfazwe, kunye nokuxhaphazwa kwabasebenzi bezempi ukubulala nokukholelwa ukuba basenokungasinda. Ukuba ukuxhaphaza umntu kungavumelekanga - kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ndiyabona ukuba kutheni kuya kuba njalo - ngaba sifanele sigcine ezo zichaso zokunyanzelisa umntu ngenxa yezizathu ezilungileyo?

Ngobulungisa, iimpapasho ezifanayo ziye zafana izichaso xa uDerren Brown, kwintetho enye ye-Netflix, abantu abalawulwayo benza into ababekholelwa ukuba babulala. Kodwa kwakungokubulala, kungekhona ukubulawa komzimba, kwaye kungekhona nayiphi na iifomfomu okanye amabhomu okanye iingoma zesizwe okanye naziphi na izibonelelo ezenza ukuba kulungile.

Ukuba ubukela imboniselo Ngelelo, isiphelo asiyi kukumangalela. Kuphela nje phakathi kweendawo ongeke uqiniseke ngazo. Umboniso wokuthi uzama ukufumana indoda ukuba ibeke phakathi kwesibhamu kunye nomfokazi ayiyi kukhishwa ngaphandle kokuba, ekugqibeleni, loo ndoda yenze loo nto. Kodwa uyenzeka njani ukuba ayenze?

Yintoni eyenza umboniso ube mnandi kwaye uyabaluleka, ngaba indoda, uPhil, ungummi wase-United States uhlasele kakhulu "abafuduki," kunye noBrown uzimisele ukufumana uPhil ukuba athathe ibhokhwe ukukhusela umfuduka eLatino kwi-American white racist. Ngoko ke, kukho izinto ezimbini ezenziwa nguBrown ukuba ayenze kuFil: menze abe nesibindi, aze amkhathalele ngabantu abangazange bakhathalele.

Inxalenye yokwenza isibindi eyenziwa ngokuvuma kukaPhil. Inxalenye ekhohlisayo kukuba uBrown utshela uPhil ukuba ufake "i-chip" emzimbeni wakhe oya kunceda ukumenza abe nesibindi, okwenyani ngokwenene. Ubungqina bobubungqina bobuchule bwenziwa ngokuthatha inxaxheba kukaPhil. Uphulaphule ukurekhoda okulalelwayo kwaye ucinga iingcamango ezinesibindi. Ulungelelanise ukudibanisa umculi othile womculo kunye nesandla sokufumana isibindi esikhulu. Izikhalazo zokuziphatha ezibonakala zibuthathaka kunokuba zenzeke, ngokukhethekileyo amathuba okungaze asebenze kuwo wonke umntu.

Inxalenye ethatha inkathalo yokumisa imeko ngeendlela ezithile ezingathembekiyo, kodwa zingaphantsi kwemeko. (UBrown ubiza lo "uvelwano," kunokunyamekela, kodwa akucaci ukuba kuhambelana nomoya onobubele onobubele, okubhekiselele ekuhlanganiseni ihlabathi kumbono womnye umntu.) Phil uboniswa iziphumo zezala ze-DNA ezamfumana ukuba abe nookhokho ePalestina naseMexico. Ukhohliwe ngokubhekiselele ekucaleni kwakhe. Akaxelelwa ukuba yintoni eyenzekayo. Akavumelani nayo. Kodwa uxelele izinto ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo. Ukuba iziphumo ze-DNA zenziwe, okanye kwakufuneka zenziwe kwimeko yabanye abantu abaninzi, obonisa ubuthathaka obuthile. Kodwa akukho mqathango wokuphindaphinda ochaphazelekayo apha.

Kukho enye into ekulungiseleleni ukunyamekela, nangona kunjalo. UFili kunye nomntu okhangeleka eLatto bacelwa ukuba bahlale bajonge ngaphakathi kwimizuzu emine. UPhil uba ngumzwelo aze abuze ukunika indoda leyo. Akukho nto ithetha igama. Oku akuyiyo ingqiqo. Kodwa akukho nto ingathembekanga ngayo. Andiyi kucinga ukuba yintoni inzakalo eyayiza kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa le ndlela ngobukhulu.

Inxalenye engathembekiyo kunye nekhohlisayo yolu vavanyo kukusetyenziswa kwabadlali abaninzi ukuba benze isiganeko esilungeleyo apho uPhil ukhokelwa khona ukuba enze ukhetho lokuphuma kwilori aze eme phambi komntu osongelwa ngumpu. Ihlabathi alikwazi ukuqesha abantu abangamakhulu abantu ukuba basebenzise wonke umntu omnye ukuba asebenze ngobugorha. Izibalo azisebenzi. I-paranoia yomntu wonke oyikayo ukuba ibonakele yayiya kubonakalisa, nangona ingaba nayo imiphumo emihle ngokunjalo. Kwaye esinye isenzo sobuqhawe asanele.

Kodwa kutheni kungenakukwazi "ukubonakalisa uvelwano," iziphumo ze-DNA, ukukhwabanisa (kunye okanye ngaphandle kweendawo zokuhlala, kodwa uhlala uhloniphekile kwaye uhlawulela), kudibaniswa nemfundo enengqiqo, enokwenyaniso malunga neendlela zokulwa neengxabano, ukulawulwa kwemibango engekho emthethweni, ukulawulwa komthetho ubulungisa bokubuyisela, i-anthropology, yembali imbali yeemfazwe kunye neengxelo zengxelo yemfazwe, umonakalo ongqongileyo wobukhosi, imiphumo engabonakaliyo yobunzima, kunye nesidingo sokwenza isibambiso esinobukrakra ukuguqula iinkqubo ezikhohlakeleyo, ukunciphisa intlekele ezayo iimeko zesimo sezulu?

Yintoni eyayiyiphutha ngokuzibophelela ukuba sisebenzele uxolo?