By , Inkstick, UJanuwari 12, 2023
I-International Catalan Institute for Peace mva nje ikhuphe umba onzulu, oxhokonxayo, nonokuthi ube nokuguqula ungquzulwano umbiko kuluhlu olubanzi kunye neempembelelo ezinzulu zenkalipho yase-Ukraine yokuchasa ngokungenabundlobongela kunye nokungasebenzisani nohlaselo lwaseRashiya. Ingxelo ivavanya umsebenzi wokuchasana noluntu olungenabundlobongela ukusuka ngoFebruwari ukuya kuJuni ka-2022, ngenjongo yokuchonga iimpawu zabo kunye neempembelelo zabo.
Uphando lwale ngxelo lubandakanya udliwano-ndlebe olungaphezulu kwama-55, oluchongwe ngaphezu kwezenzo ezingama-235 ezingenabundlobongela, kwaye lwafumanisa ukuba ukuxhathisa okungekho bundlobongela kuthintele ezinye zeenjongo zexesha elide zasemkhosini kunye nezopolitiko zabasemagunyeni baseRussia, njengokumiselwa komkhosi kunye nengcinezelo kwimimandla ehlaselweyo. Ukuchasana nobundlobongela kukhusele abantu abaninzi, kujongele phantsi ibali laseRussia, kwakha ukomelela koluntu, kwaye komeleze nolawulo lwasekhaya. Ezi nzame zinika urhulumente wase-US ithuba elibalulekileyo lokuxhasa abantu base-Ukrainian kwikhonkrithi, iindlela ezisebenzayo zokunceda ukutshintsha amandla okutshintsha emhlabeni.
INDLELA EKUBUKEKA NGAYO UKUCHASELA OKUNGENABUGOLI E-UKRAINE
Eminye imizekelo yezenzo zenkalipho ezingenabundlobongela ziquka abantu baseUkraine ukuvimba iiconvoys namatanki nokuma umhlaba wabo nangesilumkiso ukudubula kwiidolophu ezininzi. Kwi Berdyansk kunye ne-Kulykіvka, abantu baququzelele iindibano zoxolo kwaye baqinisekisa umkhosi waseRashiya ukuba uphume. Amakhulukhulu qhankqalaza ukuxhwilwa usodolophu, kwaye kukho baye ibe luqhanqalazo kwaye ukwala ukutshintshela kwi-ruble e Kherson ukuxhathisa ukuba ngumbuso oqhawukileyo. Abantu baseUkraine baye banxulumana nesiRashiya amajoni ukuthoba isimilo sabo kunye nokuvuselela iziphako. Abemi baseUkraine ngenkalipho baye bakhupha abantu abaninzi kwimimandla eyingozi. Ngokomzekelo, i-Ukraine Umanyano lwabalamli inceda ukujongana nokunyuka kwepolarization phakathi kweentsapho zase-Ukraine kunye noluntu ukunciphisa ubundlobongela.
enye umbiko nge Uxolo, intshukumo, uQeqesho kunye neZiko loPhando laseRomania iquka imizekelo yakutsha nje yokungasebenzisani kwabantu abaqhelekileyo baseUkraine, njengamafama ala ukuthengisa ukutya okuziinkozo kwimikhosi yaseRashiya nokubonelela ngoncedo kumajoni aseRashiya. Abantu baseUkraine baseke amaziko olawulo angamanye kwaye bafihla amatsha ntliziyo kunye nabasebenzi bakarhulumente wasekhaya njengamagosa, amagosa olawulo, kunye nabalawuli bezikolo. Abafundisi base-Ukraine baye bayigatya imigangatho yaseRashiya yeenkqubo zemfundo, begcina eyabo imigangatho.
Ukusebenzela ukujongela phantsi inkxaso yemfazwe eRashiya linyathelo elicwangcisiweyo elibalulekileyo. Umzekelo, isindululo seprojekthi yeengcali zengingqi eKyiv esebenza nayo Nonviolence International, umbutho ongekho phantsi korhulumente, uhlanganisa abantu baseRashiya ngaphandle kweRashiya ukuba badlulisele imiyalezo echasene nemfazwe kuluntu lwaseRashiya. Ukongeza, amalinge acwangcisiweyo okuvelisa iziphako kumkhosi waseRussia kunye nokuxhasa abo sele bemkile ukuphepha ukubhaliswa ngamathuba abalulekileyo kumgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle wase-US.
Ndiye ndaya eKyiv ekupheleni kukaMeyi ka-2022 njengenxalenye ye ukuthunywa kweenkolo ngeemvaba. Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, ndajoyina i-Peace, Action, Training and Research Institute yaseRomania, ehlala eRomania, kuhambo oluya eUkraine ukuya kudibana nabaphembeleli abangenalugonyamelo kunye nabakhi boxolo. Babeneentlanganiso zokwandisa intsebenziswano yabo kunye nokuphucula izicwangciso zabo. Saweva amabali abo okuchasa kunye nesidingo sabo senkxaso kunye nezibonelelo. Abaninzi babo baya eBrussels kunye namanye amaqabane ngamazwe ngamazwe ukuba bathethelele inkxaso-mali engaphezulu yokuxhasa imisebenzi enjalo, kwaye bacela ukuxhaswa okufanayo kurhulumente wase-US.
Abantu baseUkraine esidibene nabo bacela ukuba sibize iinkokeli eziphambili, njengamalungu eCongress kunye ne-White House, ukuba zenze ngeendlela ezintathu. Okokuqala, ngokwabelana ngemizekelo yabo yokunganyangeki. Okwesibini, ngokukhuthaza urhulumente wase-Ukraine kunye nabanye oorhulumente ukuba babaxhase ngokuphuhlisa isicwangciso esingenabundlobongela sokungasebenzisani nomsebenzi. Kwaye okwesithathu, ngokubonelela ngemali, uqeqesho lwephulo lobuchule, kunye neteknoloji / izixhobo zokhuseleko lwedijithali. Ekugqibeleni, kodwa ngokungqalileyo, bacela ukuba bangashiywa bodwa.
Omnye wabahloli bengxabano esadibana nabo eKharkiv uxhaswe yi-UN kwaye wathi kwiindawo ezihlala kuzo apho ukuchasana okungenabugovu kwakuyeyona ndlela iphambili, abantu base-Ukrainian bajongene nengcinezelo encinci ekuphenduleni lolu hlobo lokuchasana. Kwimimandla enokuchasana nobundlobongela, abantu baseUkraine bajongana nengcinezelo engakumbi ekuphenduleni ukuchasana kwabo. I I-Peaceforce force sele iqalile inkqubo eMykolaiv naseKharkiv eUkraine. Babonelela ngokhuseleko lwabantu abangaxhobanga kunye nokukhapha, ngakumbi kubantu abadala, abakhubazekileyo, abantwana, njl. njl. Umgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle wase-US unokuxhasa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye unyuse iinkqubo ezikhoyo kunye neendlela eziqinisekisiweyo.
UKUVIWA ABAXOLO KUNYE ABAQHELEKILEYO ABANGAGQITHISIYO
Kwincwadi yakudala, "Kutheni kutyikitywa koMbutho woLuntu, "Abaphandi bahlalutya ngaphezu kweengxabano ze-300 zangoku kwaye babonisa ukuba ukuchasana okungenalo ubundlobongela kuphindwe kabini kunobundlobongela obunobundlobongela kwaye ubuncinane amaxesha alishumi amathuba okukhokelela kwidemokhrasi ehlala ixesha elide, kubandakanywa nabagunyazisiweyo. Uphando luka-Erica Chenoweth noMaria J. Stephan lwaluquka amaphulo aneenjongo ezithile, njengokuchasa umsebenzi okanye ukufuna ukuzimisela. Ezi zombini yimiba echaphazelekayo yemeko ebanzi kunye nengxabano ehlala ixesha elide e-Ukraine, njengoko iindawo zase-Ukraine ziphantsi kolawulo kwaye ilizwe lifuna ukukhusela ukuzimisela kwayo njengesizwe.
Masithi umgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle wase-US ungqiyame kumsebenzi wokuxhasa umanyano olulungelelanisiweyo oluninzi lokuchasana nobundlobongela. Xa kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba sihlakulele imikhwa, ebantwini nakwibutho labantu, ehambelana nedemokhrasi eyomelele ngakumbi, ukhuseleko lwentsebenziswano, kunye nokuchuma kwabantu. Imikhwa enjalo ibandakanya ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokubanzi kwezopolitiko kunye noluntu, ukuvumelana, ukwakhiwa kwembumba ebanzi, ukuthatha umngcipheko ngenkalipho, ukubandakanyeka kwingxabano eyakhayo, ukusebenzelana kwabantu, ukudala, uvelwano kunye novelwano.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle wase-US kudala ubandakanyeka eUkraine nge engathandabuzekiyo kunye nokutshintsha iinjongo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithuba elibalulekileyo lokuzinzisa kunye nokucokisa ubumbano lwethu nabantu baseUkraine ngokusekwe kwizicelo ezithe ngqo zaba bakhi boxolo baseUkraine kunye namatsha ntliziyo angenabundlobongela. Egameni labo, ndicela iCongress, abasebenzi beCongress, kunye ne-White House ukuba babelane ngale ngxelo kunye nala mabali kunye nabenzi bezigqibo eziphambili.
Lixesha lokuba sisebenzisane norhulumente wase-Ukraine ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso esibambeneyo sokungasebenzisani kunye nokungabikho kobundlobongela esiya kuxhasa amatsha ntliziyo ase-Ukraine kunye nabakhi boxolo. Kwakhona lixesha lokuba ubunkokeli base-US batyale imali ebalulekileyo kuqeqesho, ukhuseleko lwedijithali, kunye noncedo lwezinto eziphathekayo kwaba bakhi boxolo kunye nabaphembeleli abangenalo ubundlobongela kuyo nayiphi na iphakheji yoncedo yase-Ukraine ezayo njengoko sizama ukudala iimeko zoxolo, uxolo.
Eli McCarthy yiNjingalwazi yezoBulungisa kunye neZifundo zoXolo kwiYunivesithi yaseGeorgetown kunye noMseki / uMlawuli we Iqela lezoXolo loLwazi.
Izimpendulo ze-5
Eli nqaku linomdla kakhulu kwaye lixhokonxa iingcinga. Umbuzo wam, kukuba xa ilizwe elifana neRussia likaPutin libulala abantu base-Ukraine ngokuphandle, bangakoyisa njani oku? Ukuba i-United States kunye namanye amazwe e-NATO ayayeka ukuthumela izixhobo e-Ukraine, ngaba oko akuyi kukhokelela ekuhlalisweni ngokupheleleyo kwe-Ukraine yimikhosi kaPutin kunye nokubulawa kwabantu abaninzi base-Ukraine? Ngaba uninzi lwabantu baseUkraine ngochaso olungenabundlobongela njengendlela yokufumana imikhosi yaseRussia kunye namajoni aphuma eUkraine? Ndikwavakalelwa kukuba le yimfazwe kaPutin, kwaye uninzi lwabantu baseRashiya aluyiyo le nto yokuxhelwa okungafunekiyo, nokuba. Ndingathanda ngokunyanisekileyo impendulo kule mibuzo. Ndiya kufunda ingxelo, ngokuqonda ukuba imfazwe iye yaqhubeka enye isiqingatha sonyaka ukususela ngoJuni 2022, kunye nenkohlakalo ekhohlakeleyo kunye nenkohlakalo eyenziwa ngamajoni kaPutin. Ndivumelana ngokupheleleyo nesigqibo sakho: "Ikwalixesha lokuba ubunkokeli base-US batyale imali ebalulekileyo kuqeqesho, ukhuseleko lwedijithali, kunye noncedo lwezinto eziphathekayo kwaba bakhi boxolo kunye nabaphembeleli abangenalo ubundlobongela kuyo nayiphi na iphakheji yoncedo yase-Ukraine kwixesha elizayo njengoko sizama ukudala iimeko zokuzinza. , uxolo nje.” Enkosi kakhulu ngokubhala oku.
Kwimibuzo yakho ndibona ukucingela okungalunganga (ngokoluvo lwam - ngokucacileyo ndinomkhethe kunye nongameleyo).
I-1) Ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe kunye nezenzo zenkohlakalo zicala-nye: oku akuyonyani kwaye kuxelwe ngamajelo asentshona, nangona ngokuqhelekileyo kugqunywe ngezizathu kwaye kungcwatywe emva kwekhasi eliphambili. Khumbula kwakhona ukuba le mfazwe iye yahamba ngendlela ethile ukususela ngo-2014. Konke esinokuthi ngokuqinisekileyo kukuba imfazwe iqhubeka, ulwaphulo-mthetho luya kwenziwa ngawo onke macala. Musa ukubhidanisa oku njengesizathu esifihliweyo solwaphulo-mthetho lwaseRashiya okanye ibango lokuba iUkraine inetyala ngokulinganayo. Kodwa ngenxa yento eyenzekayo e-Odessa kwi-2014, yintoni eqhubekayo eyenzekayo eDonbas, kunye nokubulawa kwevidiyo ekhohlakeleyo ye-POWs yaseRashiya njengomzekelo, ndinokholo oluqinileyo lokuba "inkululeko" yase-Ukraine yaseCrimea, umzekelo, iya kuba nobubele. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba omnye umahluko phakathi kwam kunye nabantu abaninzi abaxhasa imfazwe kukuba andiwahluli onke amaRashiya okanye amajoni aseRashiya njenge "orcs". Bangabantu.
I-2) Ukuba i-US kunye ne-NATO bayayeka ukuthumela izixhobo - iRashiya iya kuthatha inzuzo kwaye inqobe ngokupheleleyo i-Ukraine. Isigqibo sokuyeka izixhobo akunyanzelekanga ukuba sibe kwicala elinye kwaye sinokuxhomekeka. Indlela ungquzulwano ebeqhubeka ngayo - ngokuthe ngcembe i-US inyuse inkxaso yasemkhosini ngokuthe ngqo nengathanga ngqo, ityhala ngokuqhubekayo imida (uyakhumbula xa uBiden wakhupha iinkqubo zokhuselo zePatriot?). Kwaye sonke kufanele ukuba siyabuza ukuba ingaphelela phi le nto. Ukucinga ngolu hlobo kuthethelela ingqiqo ye-DE-escalation. Icala ngalinye kufuneka lithathe amanyathelo okubonisa ukholo lwalo. Andiyithengi ingxabano yokuba iRashiya "yayingenasiphelo" ngendlela - enye yeengxabano eziqhelekileyo ezichasene nothethwano.
I-3) Uluntu lwaseRashiya aluxhasi imfazwe - awunayo ingqiqo kule nto kwaye uvume kakhulu. Ngokufanayo, awazi ukuba abantu abahlala eDonbas naseCrimea baziva njani. Kuthekani ngabantu baseUkraine ababalekela eRashiya emva kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe yamakhaya ngo-2014? Kodwa nangona kunjalo le yingcinga esemva kwendlela yase-US + NATO: bulala ngokwaneleyo abantu baseRussia kwaye baya kutshintsha iingqondo zabo kwaye bakhuphe uPutin kwinkqubo (kwaye mhlawumbi uBlackrock unokufumana ezinye iinkampani zegesi kunye neoyile yaseRussia). Ngokufanayo, esi sisicwangciso esifanayo saseRashiya - bulala abantu base-Ukrainian ngokwaneleyo, babangele umonakalo owaneleyo, ukuba i-Ukraine / NATO / i-EU yamkele i-bargain eyahlukileyo. Ukanti macala onke, eRussia, nkqu uZelensky ngamanye amaxesha, kunye nabaphathi abaphezulu base-US baxele ukuba uthethathethwano luya kufuneka. Ngoko kutheni ungasindisi ubomi babantu abangamakhulu amawaka? Kutheni ungenzi ukuba iimbacu ezizigidi ezi-9+ zigoduke (ngendlela, phantse izigidi ezi-3 zazo ziseRashiya). Ukuba i-US kunye ne-NATO ngokwenene babekhathalele abantu abaqhelekileyo baseRashiya nabase-Ukraine, baya kuyixhasa le ndlela. Kodwa ndiphelelwa lithemba, xa ndicinga ngento eyenzekileyo eAfghanistan, eIraq, eYemen, eSyria naseLiberia.
I-4) Ukuba uninzi lwabantu base-Ukrainian kufuneka luxhase indlela engenabundlobongela ukuze isebenze. Umbuzo obalulekileyo ngulo - yintoni eyona nto ilungele wonke umntu? Yintoni elungele uluntu? Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba le yimfazwe "yedemokhrasi" kunye "nomyalelo wehlabathi okhululekileyo" ngoko mhlawumbi uya kufuna uloyiso olungenamiqathango (kodwa ngethemba lokuba uyalivuma ilungelo onalo lokufuna oko kwinduduzo yekhaya lakho). Mhlawumbi uya kuwahoya imiba enganeno enomtsalane yobuzwe base-Ukraine (Ndisamangaliswe kukuba umhla wokuzalwa kuka-Stepan Bandera wamkelwa ngokusemthethweni - ungacinga ukuba bebeya kuyicima ngokuthula ikhalenda yeholide). Kodwa xa ndijonga inkxaso yase-US yokuvalwa kwe-Yemen, ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwamasimi e-oyile yaseSyria, inzuzo egqumayo yeenkampani zamandla ase-US kunye nabavelisi bezixhobo, ndiyabuza ukuba ngubani kanye kanye ozuzayo kucwangco lwehlabathi lwangoku, kwaye lulunge kangakanani. .
Ndiphelelwa lukholo yonke imihla kodwa okwangoku ndisakholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba ukuba abantu aboneleyo kwihlabathi liphela - kubandakanya e-United States, eRussia, naseUkraine - bafuna uxolo - ingenzeka.
NdingumKhanada. Ngo-2014, emva kohlaselo lwaseRashiya eCrimea, nasemva kokuba iRashiya ibeke iliso kwireferendamu eyayingenakuthembeka kwaye yatshintsha nto, ndadana kakhulu xa ndisiva iNkulumbuso, uStephen Harper, esithi kuPutin “Kufuneka uphume eCrimea. ” Olu gqabazo lwalungenamsebenzi ngokupheleleyo kwaye alutshintshi nto, xa uHarper wayenokwenza okungakumbi.
UHarper wayenokuthi acebise i-UN ephantsi kolawulo. Wayenokubhekisela kwinto yokuba iKhanada ijongene ngokuphumelelayo nommandla waseKhanada, oko kukuthi iphondo laseQuebec, kunokuba ibe yinxalenye yeCanada. Okuqaphelekayo kolu budlelwane kukuba bekukho ubundlobongela obungephi. Ngokuqinisekileyo le mbali ifanelekile ukwabelana noPutin (kunye noZelenskyy).
Ndingakhuthaza i-Ukrainian Peace Movement ukuba iqhagamshelane norhulumente waseKhanada (ongasakhokelwa nguHarper) kwaye ndikhuthaze loo rhulumente ukuba afune ukwabelana ngembali yakhe yobudlelwane obungavisisaniyo nabo babandakanyekayo kuloo mbambano. ICanada ijoyina ihlabathi ekunikezeni izixhobo eUkraine. Inokwenza ngcono kakhulu.
Ndiziva ndinombulelo ongazenzisiyo ngeCatalan Institute for Peace, ye-WBW, nakwabo bathe bagqabaza kweli nqaku. Le ngxoxo indikhumbuza ngentshayelelo yomgaqo-siseko weUNESCO, osikhumbuza ukuba ekubeni iimfazwe ziqala ezingqondweni zethu, kusengqondweni yethu ukuba ukhuselo loxolo kufuneka lwakhiwe. Yiyo loo nto amanqaku anje, kunye nengxoxo ngokunjalo, ibaluleke kakhulu.
I-BTW, ndingathi umthombo wam oyintloko wemfundo yokungabikho kobundlobongela, oye wachaphazela kuphela iimbono zam kodwa kunye nezenzo zam, ibe yi-Conscience Canada. Sikhangela amalungu ebhodi amatsha 🙂
Ukuba ingcamango yesisombululo esingenabundlobongela isaphila emva kweenkulungwane zemfazwe eqhubekayo yikhredithi kuloo nxalenye yoluntu oluthanda uxolo ndiphantse ndineminyaka engama-94. . Kwiminyaka yam yeshumi elivisayo, abafana abambalwa baqamba amanga malunga nobudala babo kwaye baya kwiWWII. Ndaqokelela iintsimbi ezilahliweyo ndaza ndathengisa izitampu zemfazwe. Umninawa wam omncinci wabhalwa ekupheleni kweWWII kwaye wachitha ixesha lakhe kwinkonzo edlala iFrench Horn kwiYurophu. Umyeni wam omncinci wayeneminyaka eyi-100F. Salima ndafundisa esikolweni ndenza nemizobo yesayensi ukuze ndimfake kwiPhD. Ndajoyina amaQuaker athetha ukungahloneli ugonyamelo nasebenzela uxolo ehlabathini lonke. Ndaya kuhambo lokuzixhasa ngemali lohambo luka-4 ukuya kwi-1983 ndifundisa izakhono zonxibelelwano zika-Johanna Macy ezingenabundlobongela ezibizwa ngokuba “Ukuphelelwa lithemba kunye nokuXhobisa” kumazwe angama-91 naseCanada, ndenza umboniso wesilayidi kwimifanekiso yabantu abanoxolo endidibene nabo endleleni, emva koko ndabonisa kwaye ndasasaza. ezo zeminye iminyaka elishumi. Ndabuyela esikolweni iminyaka emihlanu emva kobugqirha beMasters kwaye ndaba yinto endifuna ukuba yiyo xa ndikhulile, i-Art Therapist. Ukususela kwiminyaka engama-29 ukuya phambili ndiye ndasebenza kulo msebenzi ndaza ndaqalisa iziko loluntu eAgua Prieta, eSonora, eMexico, elisanceda abantu abangathathi ntweni ukuba baphucule izakhono zabo, bafunde ukulungelelanisa uluntu kunye nokwenza izigqibo ngedemokhrasi. Ngoku, ndihlala kwindawo encinci yokuhlala ephezulu kumazantsi-ntshona eOregon. Ndiye ndakholelwa ukuba uluntu luyonakalise indlwane yalo kangangokuba ubomi bomntu emhlabeni sele buza kuphela. Ndibuhlungu ngenxa yeplanethi yam endiyithandayo.