Umzamo we-Bipartisan: Abameli be-55 base-US babiza iTump ukuba ize kwiNkomfa ngaphambi kokuthatha inyathelo lomkhosi eYemen.

Ngenxa yokuzimisela kukaMongameli ukubandakanya ukuhlaselwa kwe-missile yaseSiriya ngaphandle kwegunya leCongressional.

Washington, DC - US Reps. Mark Pocan (D-WI), Justin Amash (R-MI), Ted Lieu (D-CA), Walter Jones (R-NC), Barbara Lee (D-CA) kunye namanye amaLungu angama-50 weCongress wathumela a ileta yebipartisan kuMongameli uTrump embiza ukuba eze kwiCongress ngaphambi kokuba anyuke intshukumo yasemkhosini eYemen. Ulawulo lukaTrump okwangoku luvavanya iinketho zokubandakanyeka ngokuthe ngqo emkhosini kwimfazwe yamakhaya yaseYemen eneminyaka emibini ubudala, apho imanyano yemikhosi yomkhosi ekhokelwa yiSaudi Arabia iye yasilwa nabavukeli baseHouthi baseYemen. Umfelandawonye waseSaudi uqhube iziqhushumbisi ezingakhethiyo kwaye wabeka uthintelo olukhubazayo, exhokonxa intlekele yoluntu eYemen. Lo mzamo we-bipartisan uza emva kokuba uMongameli uTrump ebonise ukuzimisela kwakhe ukuzibandakanya kwi-missile yaseSiriya ngaphandle kwesigunyaziso se-Congressional.

"Amagosa olawulo acebise ukuba i-US ithathe inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kuhlaselo kwizibuko elikhulu laseYemen," utshilo uRep. Mark Pocan. "Uhlaselo olunjalo lunokutyhalela ilizwe kwindlala egcweleyo, apho phantse isiqingatha sesigidi sabantwana baseYemen bajongene nendlala. ICongress yindlela ethe ngqo ebantwini kwaye le leta linyathelo lokuqala lokuqinisekisa kwakhona umgaqo-siseko wethu wokujonga amagunya kamongameli. Ndizimisele ukulandela zonke izixhobo esinazo zokuqinisekisa ukuba uMongameli uTrump uthobela uMgaqo-siseko wethu ngaphambi kokuba afake ilizwe lethu kolunye ungquzulwano olungenangqiqo. "

"UMgaqo-siseko ubeka kwiCongress amandla okuqalisa imfazwe," utshilo u-Rep. Justin Amash. "Ukuba umongameli uyasixhasa ukubandakanyeka kwethu kwimfazwe yangaphandle, kufuneka abeke ityala kwiCongress nakubantu baseMelika."

Umbhalo wale leta ungezantsi kwaye ikopi ye-elektroniki inokufunyanwa Apha.

Aprili 10, 2017

Umongameli uDonald J. Trump
INdlu yeNdlu
1600 Pennsylvania Ave, NW
Washington, DC 20500

I-CC: IGqwetha Jikelele uJeff Sessions

Mnu. Mongameli oBekekileyo:

Sibhala ukubonisa inkxalabo yethu enzulu malunga neengxelo zokuba ulawulo lwakho luthathela ingqalelo "inkxaso ethe ngqo kumanyano oluchasene namaHouthi" omkhosi okhokelwa yiSaudi Arabia eYemen. Amagosa olawulo kuthiwa avavanya izindululo zokubonelela imikhosi ekhokelwa yi-Saudi "ngokubeka iliso kunye nobukrelekrele, i-refueling, kunye noncedo lokucwangcisa ukusebenza" ngokuchasene ne-Shia Houthis elawula uninzi lwamaziko e-Yemen. Elinye igosa lezolawulo lavuma ukuba ukususwa kwemithetho eyayikho kwiWhite House kuncedo olunjalo kunokugqalwa “njengokukhanya okuluhlaza kokubandakanyeka ngokuthe ngqo kwimfazwe enkulu.”

Ukwalathisa ubutshaba base-US ngokuchasene neHouthis yaseYemen iyakuchasana nesibhambathiso sakho sokulandela “umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle onengqeqesho, ngabom nongaguqukiyo” okhusela iintsapho zaseMelika “kuso sonke isigqibo.” Ewe, ngokutsho kwamagosa okhuselo ase-US, imfazwe yaseSaudi exhaswa yi-US ngokuchasene neHouthis eYemen sele "iqinisiwe i-al Qaeda apho" kwaye ibeka "ingozi enkulu kukhuseleko lwase-US." 

Sabelana ngeenkxalabo zabanye babacebisi bakho, abanexhala lokuba inkxaso ethe ngqo yemfazwe yomanyano yaseSaudi ngokuchasene neHouthis "inokuthatha izixhobo ezininzi kumlo wokulwa nobunqolobi ngokuchasene ne-al-Qaeda kwiPeninsula yaseArabia." Sikhathazwa ngakumbi ziingxelo zeendaba ezibonisa ukuba iAl Qaeda eYemen "ivele njenge-de facto ally" yamajoni akhokelwa yiSaudi apho ulawulo lwakho lujolise ukusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo ngakumbi. Ngokwengxelo yeendaba, iAl Qaeda eYemen iye yalwa neHouthis kwicala elinye nemikhosi yomanyano yaseSaudi kumadabi amaninzi kufutshane neTaiz kunye ne-al-Bayda, ngelixa ikwasebenza ngokusondeleyo namajoni amaSilamsi axhaswa ngemali yiSaudi.  

Ngaphezu koko, iCongress ayizange ivume izenzo eziphantsi koqwalaselo. I-2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF) efunwa kwaye yamkelwa nguMongameli uGeorge W. Bush, eguqulelwe ukuba isebenze kwi-Al Qaeda kunye nemikhosi ehambelana nayo, ayizange ikhankanywe naliphi na igosa likarhulumente njengesizathu sokubandakanyeka kwe-US kwizenzo zomkhosi. ngokuchasene neHouthis yaseYemen. I-Houthis ayizange ibe "imikhosi edibeneyo" kwi-Al Qaeda; bangamaZaydi, isebe lamaSilamsi angamaShiite, yaye bachasa ngamandla iSunni Al Qaeda, ekhuthaza ugonyamelo lwamahlelo nxamnye namaShia.

Ukubandakanya umkhosi wethu ngokuchasene neHouthis yaseYemen xa kungekho sisongelo sithe ngqo e-United States kwaye ngaphandle kogunyaziso lwangaphambili lwenkongolo kuya kwaphula ulwahlulo lwamagunya achazwe ngokucacileyo kuMgaqo-siseko. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, sibhalela ukucela ukuba i-Ofisi yoMcebisi wezoMthetho (i-OLC) ibonelele, ngaphandle kokulibazisa, nasiphi na isizathu esisemthethweni esinokusichaza ukuba ulawulo lunenjongo yokubandakanya ukulwa ngqo neHouthis yaseYemen ngaphandle kokufuna imvume ye-congressional.

NjengaBameli base-US, sithatha ngokungathí sina ilungelo kunye noxanduva lweCongress ukugunyaza ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, okanye ukwala ukwenza oko, njengoko kugunyaziswe nguMgaqo-siseko kunye ne-1973 War Powers Resolution. Silindele ukuba naziphi na izenzo ezithe ngqo zomkhosi ezilandelwa ngabalawuli ngokuchasene ne-Yemeni Houthis zisiwe phambi kweCongress ukuze ziqwalaselwe kwaye zigunyaziswe ukuba zivunywe ngaphambi kokuba zibulawe.

Ngo-Agasti ka-2013, xa uMongameli u-Obama wayesongela ukuqhubhisa imikhosi karhulumente waseSiriya ngaphandle kwemvume ye-congressional, iqela elikhulu, eline-bipartisan laBameli base-US abazange bavume. Babongoze umongameli ukuba "abonisane kwaye afumane isigunyaziso kwiCongress," echaza ukuba "uxanduva lukamongameli lokwenza oko lumiselwe kuMgaqo-siseko kunye neSigqibo saMagunya eMfazwe ka-1973." UMongameli u-Obama emva koko wavuma ukufuna isigunyaziso seCongress.

Ngenxa yobunzima bokunyuka komkhosi wase-US eYemen, sikwafuna izimvo ezingokomthetho ze-OLC malunga noku:

·         Isindululo sikaNobhala wezoKhuseleko uJames Mattis sokunceda umfelandawonye womkhosi waseSaudi ukubamba izibuko laseYemeni elilawulwa yiHouthi eHodeida. Indawo yangoku, i-Saudi-enenforced blockade yaseHodei-dah-indawo yokungena ephambili yokutya, amayeza kunye noncedo loluntu-ityhalela iYemen kumngcipheko wendlala. Ngaphezulu kwamalungu angama-50 eCongress abongoze uNobhala Welizwe uRex Tillerson ukuba asebenzise "zonke izixhobo zozakuzo zase-US" ukuvula izibuko, ephawula ukuba phantse isiqingatha sesigidi sabantwana baseYemeni "basondela endlaleni." I-airstrikes ekhokelwa yi-Saudi itshabalalise iindlela kunye neebhulorho zephondo laseHodeidah, zishiya "iirokethi ezingaqhubiyo" ngaphakathi kwechweba elithintela ngakumbi ukuthunyelwa koncedo olubalulekileyo ekufikeleleni ngokufanelekileyo kwi-Yemenis engaphezulu kwe-7.3 yezigidi ezifuna uncedo oluphuthumayo lokutya. Ukongeza kwinto yokuba kungenzeka ukuba umsebenzi oncediswa yi-US ukubamba iHodeidah unokuyenza ibe mandundu imeko yobuntu yaseYemen, ukubandakanyeka kwe-US kwisenzo esinjalo akuzange kuthethelelwe kwiCongress.   

·         Ulawulo lwakho "lonyuso lwenkxaso yolungiselelo lwephulo lokuqhushumba kwebhombu elikhokelwa yiSaudi" ngokuchasene neHouthis kwezi ntsuku zidlulileyo. IiSenenja zase-US uRand Paul kunye noChris Murphy baye baqaphela ukuba ulawulo luka-Obama aluzange lufumane ugunyaziso lwe-congressional for refueling kunye nokujolisa uncedo kwiinqwelomoya zomfelandawonye zaseSaudi. Sinqwenela ukwazi isizathu sakho esisemthethweni sokuqhubeka nokwandisa lo mgaqo-nkqubo xa kungekho gunya linjalo.

·         Isoyikiso samva nje solawulo lwakho lokuthintela inqanawa yaseIran kumanzi aphesheya "ukukhangela izixhobo ezinokuthi zisingise kubahlaseli baseHouthi eYemen." Ngelixa uNobhala uMattis kwaxelwa ukuba "ekugqibeleni wagqiba ekubeni abeke ecaleni umsebenzi, ubuncinci okwangoku," sinqwenela ukwazi ukuba isithintelo esinjalo-isenzo sobutshaba-siya kulunga ngokusemthethweni nangona singenalo isigunyaziso sangaphambili seCongress. 

I-United States ithathe inxaxheba kwii-airstrikes ezikhokelwa yi-Saudi eziye zatyholwa ngobuninzi be-Yemen ye-10,000 yokufa kwabantu, idala i-vacuum yokhuseleko esetyenziswe yi-Al Qaeda ukwandisa isiseko sayo sokusebenza. Ke ngoko siyakubongoza ukuba uphelise i-US refueling kwiinqwelomoya zomfelandawonye waseSaudi kwaye uphelise, kunokonyuka, uncedo lwe-US lwezixhobo zokuqhubhisa iibhombu ezikhokelwa yiSaudi eYemen. Ubuncinci, nasiphi na isigqibo solawulo sokubandakanya ubutshaba obuthe ngqo base-US ngokuchasene ne-Yemen's Houthis kufuneka sixhomekeke kwingxoxo yeCongress kunye nokuvota, njengoko abaqulunqi boMgaqo-siseko benenjongo kunye neemfuno ze-1973 War Powers Resolution. Njengoko usazi, iSigqibo saMagunya eMfazwe sibonelela ngendlela yokuba aMalungu eNkongolo anyanzelise umbuzo wogunyaziso lwekhongolose ukuba ulawulo alufiki ekufuneni imvume yesenzo somkhosi esicwangcisiweyo.

Silindele impendulo yakho ekhawulezileyo malunga nasiphi na isizathu esisemthethweni sokuthatha inxaxheba kwe-US kubutshaba obuchasene nemikhosi yaseHouthi eYemen nokuba ngaba ulawulo lwakho luceba ukufuna imvume kwiCongress. Impendulo yakho efike ngexesha iyaxatyiswa njengoko sihlola eyona ndlela ingcono yokumisela indima yethu yomgaqo-siseko yokongamela kunye nogunyaziso kwizenzo ezinjalo.