IZizwe eziManyeneyo zilumkise ukuba ihlabathi lijongene nengxaki enkulu yoluntu ukusukela ekupheleni kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. Phantse abantu abazizigidi ezingama-20 basemngciphekweni wendlala eNigeria, eSomalia, eMzantsi Sudan naseYemen. Kwinyanga ephelileyo, i-UN ibhengeze indlala kwiindawo zaseSouth Sudan. Kwangoko kule veki, amagosa oncedo athi akugqatso oluchasene nexesha lokuthintela indlala eziswe yimfazwe exhaswa yi-US, ekhokelwa yiSaudi kunye nokuvalwa. Phantse i-19 yezigidi zabantu baseYemen, isibini kwisithathu sabemi bebonke, bafuna uncedo, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-7 yezigidi zijongene nendlala. Ukufumana okungakumbi, sithetha noJoel Charny, umlawuli weBhunga leeMbacu laseNorway i-USA.
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NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: IZizwe eziManyeneyo ziye zalumkisa ukuba ihlabathi lijongene nengxaki enkulu yoluntu ukususela ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, kunye nabantu abaphantse babe zizigidi ezingama-20 abasengozini yendlala eNigeria, eSomalia, eSouth Sudan naseYemen. Umphathi we-UN, uStephen O'Brien, uxelele iBhunga lezoKhuseleko le-UN ngoLwesihlanu ukuba i-4.4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola iyafuneka ngoJulayi ukunqanda indlala.
STEPHEN O'BRIEN: Simi kwinqanaba elibalulekileyo kwimbali yethu. Kwangoku ekuqaleni konyaka, sijongene neyona ngxaki inkulu yoluntu ukususela ekudalweni kweZizwe eziManyeneyo. Ngoku, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20 kumazwe amane bajongene nendlala kunye nendlala. Ngaphandle kwemigudu emanyeneyo nelungelelanisiweyo yehlabathi, abantu baya kufa yindlala. … Omane la mazwe anento enye afana ngayo: ungquzulwano. Oku kuthetha ukuba thina, nina, sinethuba lokuthintela kunye nokuphelisa inkxwaleko nokubandezeleka. I-UN kunye namaqabane ayo alungele ukunyusa, kodwa sifuna ukufikelela kunye nemali yokwenza okungakumbi. Konke kuyathinteleka. Kuyenzeka ukuba kuthintelwe le ngxaki, kuthintelwe ezi ndlala, kuthintelwe ezi ntlekele zizayo ebantwini.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Kwinyanga ephelileyo, i-UN ibhengeze indlala kwiindawo zaseSouth Sudan, kodwa u-O'Brien wathi eyona ngxaki inkulu iseYemen. Kwangoko kule veki, amagosa oncedo athi akugqatso oluchasene nexesha lokuthintela indlala eziswe yimfazwe exhaswa yi-US, ekhokelwa yiSaudi kunye nokuvalwa. Phantse i-19 yezigidi zabantu e-Yemen, isibini kwisithathu sabemi bebonke, bafuna uncedo, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-7 yezigidi zijongene nendlala-ukwanda kwe-3 yezigidi ukususela ngoJanuwari. Umlawuli olawulayo weNkqubo yoKutya yeHlabathi uthe iarhente yakhe inokutya okuziinyanga nje ezintathu okugciniweyo kwaye amagosa akwazi ukubonelela abantu baseYemenis abalambileyo malunga nesinye kwisithathu somxhesho abawudingayo. Konke oku kuza njengoko ulawulo lukaTrump lufuna iibhiliyoni zeedola ekunciphiseni inkxaso-mali kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo.
Ukuthetha ngakumbi ngale ngxaki, sidityaniswa nguJoel Charny, umlawuli weBhunga leeMbacu laseNorway. i-USA.
Joel, enkosi kakhulu ngokusimanya. Ngaba ungathetha ngale ngxaki imbi kakhulu yoluntu ukusukela ngeMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi?
JOEL UCHARNY: Ewe, uStephen O'Brien wayichaza kakuhle kakhulu. Kumazwe amane, ngenxa yongquzulwano—kwimeko enye kuphela, eSomalia, apho kukho imbalela, ekwabangela ukuswela kwawo. Kodwa eYemen, eSomalia, eSouth Sudan nakumantla eNigeria, izigidi zabantu zi--kwicala lendlala, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwemveliso yokutya, ukungakwazi kwee-arhente zoncedo ukungena, kunye nongquzulwano oluqhubekayo, yenza ubomi bube yinkxwaleko kwizigidi zabantu.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Ke masiqale ngeYemen, uJoel. Ndiyathetha, unomfanekiso kaMongameli uTrump izolo ehleli nenkokeli yaseSaudi kwi-White House. Imfazwe eyenzeka eYemen, ibhombu yaseSaudi, exhaswa yi-United States, ungathetha ngesiphumo esi sibe naso kubemi?
JOEL UCHARNY: Ibiyimfazwe engapheliyo, kunye nokwaphulwa komthetho wobuntu wamazwe ngamazwe ngabakwaSaudis kunye nomanyano abayinxalenye yawo, kunye neeHouthis ezichasayo uhlaselo lwaseSaudi. Kwaye ukusukela ekuqaleni koqhushumbo-ndithetha ukuba, ndikhumbula ngokucacileyo, xa kuqala uqhushumbo, ngaphakathi-kwisithuba seeveki ezimbalwa, iindawo zokugcina iimpahla kunye nezakhiwo zeofisi zemibutho emithathu okanye emine engekho phantsi kukarhulumente esebenza eYemen yabethwa yiSaudi. uhlaselo. Kwaye kwenzeka ntoni, iYemen ingenisa ngaphandle iipesenti ezingama-90 zokutya kwayo nangamaxesha aqhelekileyo, ke oku ayisosiphazamiso kangako kwimveliso yokutya, kodwa kukuphazamiseka kwezorhwebo ngenxa yokuqhushumba, ngenxa yokuvalwa, ngenxa yentshukumo ye ibhanki yesizwe ukusuka eSana'a ukuya eAden. Kwaye kuthathwe konke kunye, kukudala nje imeko engenakwenzeka kwilizwe elixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekungenisweni kokutya ukuze liphile.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: NgoMvulo, iWorld Food Programme ithe bakugqatso oluchasene nexesha lokuthintela indlala eYemen. Lo ngumlawuli olawulayo, u-Ertharin Cousin, osanda kubuya evela eYemen.
ERTHARIN UMZALA: Sineenyanga ezintathu zokutya okugcinwe ngaphakathi elizweni namhlanje. Siphinde sibe nokutya okuphezu kwamanzi endleleni eya apho. Kodwa asinakutya okwaneleyo ukuxhasa umlinganiselo ofunekayo ukuze siqinisekise ukuba sinokuyinqanda indlala. Into ebesiyenza kukuthatha izixa ezilinganiselweyo zokutya esinazo elizweni kwaye sikusasaze kangangoko sinako, nto leyo ethetha ukuba besinika umxhesho wama-35 ekhulwini kwiinyanga ezininzi. Kufuneka siye kwi-100 yepesenti yomxhesho.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Ke, i-US ibonelela ngezixhobo kwiphulo laseSaudi, iphulo lemfazwe, eYemen. Uqhankqalazo lwandile. Ucinga ukuba kufuneka kwenzeke ntoni ukuze usindise abantu baseYemen ngeli xesha?
JOEL UCHARNY: Ngeli nqanaba, ngokwenene isisombululo ekuphela kolunye uhlobo lwesivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela kwingxabano-i-Saudis kunye namahlakani abo kunye neHouthis. Kwaye kulo nyaka uphelileyo, iinyanga ezili-18, amaxesha amaninzi siye sasondela ekuboneni isivumelwano esinokuthi sivelise ukupheliswa komlilo okanye siphelise ezinye zeziqhushumbisi ezingayekiyo ebeziqhubeka. Nangona kunjalo, ngalo lonke ixesha, isivumelwano siyaqhekeka. Kwaye, ndiyathetha, le yimeko apho ukuba imfazwe iyaqhubeka, abantu baya kufa yindlala. Andiqondi ukuba kukho nawuphi na umbuzo ngaloo nto. Kufuneka nje sifumane indlela yokuphela kwemfazwe. Kwaye ngoku, kukho ukunqongophala ngokupheleleyo komzamo wozakuzo ukuzama ukusombulula le meko. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba, njengomntu omele iBhunga leeMbaleki zaseNorway, sinokwenza oko sinokukwenza, uyazi, phambi kolu ngquzulwano, kodwa isisombululo esisisiseko sisivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela aya kumisa imfazwe, avule urhwebo, uyazi, izibuko livuleleke, kwaye ke, uvumele oomatshini boncedo abavela kwiNkqubo yoKutya yeHlabathi kunye nemibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente efana NRC ukusebenza.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Ndiyathetha ukuba, le ayiyo-US engenelelayo kwaye izama ukurhweba isivumelwano phakathi kwabanye. Le yi-US ebandakanyeka ngokuthe ngqo ekudaleni olu ngquzulwano.
JOEL UCHARNY: Kwaye, Amy, kufuneka igxininiswe ukuba le asiyonto, uyazi, yaqala nge-20 kaJanuwari. Iiarhente zoncedo eWashington, uyazi, mna kunye noogxa bam, besisoloko sibonisa, sibuyela emva kunyaka ophelileyo wolawulo luka-Obama, ukuba, uyazi, iphulo lokuqhunyiswa kwebhombu lalikhokelela kwimeko yobuntu engathandekiyo, kwaye Inkxaso yase-US yelo phulo lokuqhunyiswa kwebhombu yayiyingxaki kakhulu kwimbono yobuntu. Ke, uyazi, le yinto eqhutywe yi-US ixesha elithile. Kwaye kwakhona, njengezinto ezininzi ngoku, kufuneka kubonwe ngaphakathi kwimeko yemfazwe okanye imfazwe ye-proxy phakathi, uyazi, i-Saudis kunye ne-Iran yokulawula kunye nokuphakama kuMbindi Mpuma. IiHouthi zibonwa njenge-proxy yaseIran. Abaninzi bayayiphikisa loo nto, kodwa loo nto ayitshintshi into yokuba kukho imfazwe eqhubekayo ebonakala ingenako ukusonjululwa. Kwaye siyafuna-kwaye kwakhona, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ivele e-US Mhlawumbi inokuvela kwi-UN phantsi kobunkokheli bukanobhala-jikelele wabo omtsha, u-António Guterres. Kodwa sifuna inyathelo lozakuzaku njengoko linxulumene neYemen ukunqanda indlala.
