I-Tug enemfazwe

NguVictor Grossman, Berlin Bulletin No. 161, Julayi 23, 2019

I-Tug-of-war ngumdlalo ongenatyala kwaye, ukuba akukho lutshiso lweqondo lobushushu njengangoku e-USA naseYurophu, kunokuba mnandi kubo bonke abadlali. Kodwa kwipolitiki yehlabathi inokuba ngumdlalo oyingozi, ngakumbi ukuba idlalwa nje ngeeViking zangaphambili - ngaphaya komhadi womlilo ulindele abo belahlekileyo.

Kwinqanaba lehlabathi, i-tug-of-war okwangoku idlalwa ngeedrones kunye neenqwelomoya zokujonga ngokurhabaxa zijikeleza imida ye-Iran empuma naseVenezuela ngasentshona, kunye nemithwali ephethe imijukujelwa emi kufutshane. (Mhlawumbi ngoku nakwiMpuma Ekude?). Rhoqo, ngasemva kwabo, behlikihla izandla zabo - nangona bengazange bazingcolise ngentambo okanye ngezinto ezibangela umdla - liqela labapolitiki abalambele imfazwe kunye nookumkani bezixhobo. Ukuhluthwa kwamatanki eoyile, okokuqala yi-UK kwaye ke, ngokucacileyo kwimpindezelo, yi-Iran, kubenza babe nethemba kodwa uninzi lwabantu abanesidima boyika! Ukutsala kwemfazwe, nangona kunjalo, ayisiyiyo kwaphela phakathi kwamazwe. Kuphakathi kwelo qela, ukulangazelela ukungqubana, ukuthunyelwa kweebhombu ezintsha kunye neendawo ezintsha, nabo bonke abo basebenzela uxolo. Leliphi icala eliza kuphumelela? Okanye ngaba intambo ebhityileyo ingakrazula?

IJamani kudala yahlukaniswa luvavanyo lwamandla. Kwelinye icala kukho abo, okokoko uKonrad Adenauer wasungula iRiphabhlikhi yaseJamani, edityaniswa ngoonogada bemfazwe kwiPentagon nakwiigumbi zeqhinga le-NATO. Ibizwa ngokuba "zii-Atlanticists" ngenxa yokunxibelelana kwabo, bafumana igqwetha elililize e-Ursula von der Leyen, ukusukela i2014 njengoMphathiswa Wezomkhosi. NgoJulayi 16^th uthathe ukutsiba okukhulu ukuya phezulu. Iholide yakhe yosuku lokugqibela isenokuba wenze ubuqhophololo; Ngokudlala ezantsi emkhosini, wavusa iimvakalelo ezikhuselayo zemozulu, ulingano lwamabhinqa, ubunye baseYurophu kunye “neenqobo zedemokhrasi zaseNtshona”. Emva kwempumelelo yokuvota ngokufihlakeleyo, ngokufumana nje iivoti ezisithoba, i-383 ukuya kwi-374, kunye nokukhutshelwa kwi-23, waba ngumongameli weKhomishini yaseYurophu, ikhabhathi enamandla ye-European Union, enezihlalo ze-28 ezihambisa amasebe e-28 isihlalo esinye kwilizwe (kodwa ukwehla ukuya kwi-27 ukuba iBritane ihamba njengoko bekucwangcisiwe ngo-Okthobha). Uza kuba ngumphathi wabasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-30,000 onokumisela iipateni zobomi malunga ne-500 yezigidi zaseYurophu. Kunzima ukucinga ukuba ulibele njongo yakhe enkulu, umkhosi owomeleleyo, waseJamani-olawulwa ngurhulumente waseJamani, umlingane ongomnye we-NATO elawulwa yi-US kwaye ujolise kwicala lasempuma. Umntu ohamba icawa usenokukhala athi: “UThixo asikhusele!”

Oku kuthetha ukuyeka umsebenzi wakhe njengomphathiswa wezokhuseleko waseJamani. Kodwa owangena ezihlangwini zakhe, owothusayo, yayingu-Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer, umfazi othathe indawo ka-Angela Merkel njengosihlalo we-Christian Democratic Union (CDU). Nawaphi na amathemba emali engezantsi ayasasazeka ngokukhawuleza. I-AKK, ​​njengoko igama lakhe elide lifinyeziwe (kodwa ukungafani ncam negama laseMelika elifinyeziweyo, i-AOC), kwaoko kwafuneka inyuswe inkcitho yezixhobo, ukuya kuthi ga kwiibhiliyoni zeedola, i-2% yenqanaba lebhajethi lifunwa kuwo onke amalungu eNATO. Ngaphantsi kwimbonakalo yomlo kunangaphambili, ulandela umgca omnye. Umenzi wemipu u-Heckler kunye no-Koch (inzala kaMauser), uKruppThyssen, umenzi wesikhephe se-U-super-modern-century amashumi eminyaka, kunye noKraus-Maffei-Wegmann, oyena menzi weetanki u-Hitler kwaye ngoku ungumthumeli we "Leopards" ezibulalayo. ukulala kunye nezinye iibhiliyoni. 

Okanye banako? I-Greens, iyinyani, ngoku yomelele kunanini na ngaphambili, igcina imvelaphi embalwa yezithethe zepacific yentsingiselo kwaye ihambile kude kumzondo wabo kaPutin kunye ne-yen yabo yengxaki neRussia kangangokuba ukugxeka kwabo akuzange kuchasane nokunyuka kwemali yezomkhosi kodwa kunoko ibango lokwakha-elisebenza ngakumbi, elichitha inkcitho.

Kodwa iiDemokhrasi zaseNtlalontle, zisakumbambano kurhulumente kwaye zineengxelo zokuxhasa ii-NATO zokwakha, ngoku zazilwela ukusinda njengeqela eliphambili. Iziphumo: Iingxelo ezicacileyo ngokungaqhelekanga zikaKarl Lauterbach, umgqatswa wobunkokheli beqela, elumkise "ngokuchasene nomgaqo-nkqubo ophethe izixhobo ohambelana neminqweno kaDonald Trump". Abanye babathunywa bavote ngokuchasene no-van der Leyen, abanalo uthando ngele-impumelelo yakhe, u-AKK, ​​kwaye bade baphinda babiza i-LINKE (Ekhohlo), eqhubeka nokuchasa izixhobo, ukuthengisa izixhobo kunye nako konke ukubandakanyeka emkhosini njengase-Afghanistan, eMali, e-Iraq okanye eSyria. .

Kwiveki ephelileyo, kwiforum yonyaka yengxoxo yaseJamani-Russian e-Bonn, "Ingxoxo yase-Petersburg", bobabini abaphathiswa bamanye amazwe baya okokuqala ukusukela kwingxaki yase-Ukraine. U-Heiko Maas, i-Social Democrat, emva kokudibana noSergei Lavrov, uthethe ngemiqondiso elungileyo e-Ukraine kwaye wayenethemba lokuba isivumelwano esiza kuqala kungekudala "siyakuhlonitshwa, kuya kubakho ukupheliswa komlilo okuqhubekekayo kwaye siza kuba nenkqubela phambili. ukusebenzisa iSivumelwano saseMinsk ”(ukuphelisa ungquzulwano). Ngaphandle kwayo yonke iyantlukwano, enje ngokohlwaywa kwezoqoqosho, u-Maas uthe izisombululo zezopolitiko zehlabathi kunzima ukuzifumana ngaphandle "kwenxaxheba eyakhayo yeRussia". Ngaba oku kuthetha ukutshintsha kwithoni?

Ewe, umdla obahlukeneyo wanika umbono wethemba kwicala “Luxolo” kumlo wemfazwe. Uninzi lwabenzi mveliso, bengabandakanyekanga nezixhobo zomkhosi, bagcina umdla kwimarike enkulu yaseRussia. Uninzi ke nakwicandelo lezithelo kunye nemifuno ebalulekileyo. Bobabini bahlupheke kakhulu ngenxa yesohlwayo esabekwa yi-USA kunye ne-European Union, kwaye bazama ukubangqonga. Babengenamnqweno wokuguqula iindlela kunye nemizila yeetanki eziboshwe ngasempuma kunye nezobuchwephesha okanye ukuthumela imikhosi yaseJamani ngeenkungu zokungena ukuze zihambe kwimida yeRussia. Uninzi lwathemba igesi yaseRussia ukusuka kumbhobho wamanzi waseBaltic.

Kwaye imikhwa enjalo, ngaphandle kwentshukumisa yazo, ihambelana neengcinga kunye neminqweno yamaJamani amaninzi, ngokunokwenzeka uninzi, uninzi oluchasene noxinzelelo "lwentiyo-uPutin, intiyo-neRussia" kwimidiya enkulu, ekhumbula amagama afanayo kunye ne-caricature kwimidiya yeminyaka engamashumi asibhozo ngaphambili.

 Kanye njengaseMelika, ezi mvakalelo azikhokisanga kwimiboniso yoxolo olukhulu kumashumi eminyaka adlulileyo. Ingqwalaselo ephambili kunye nomsebenzi zijike zaphendulwa kwimibuzo yendalo esingqongileyo kunye nezisongelo ezichasene ne-fascist kunye nobundlobongela kubantu beminye imibala, iimpahla okanye iicawe. Kodwa imicimbi enjalo, esekwe kwilizwe lonke, ngokuqinisekileyo ibinendawo yabo kumlo wemfazwe kwaye babekufuphi nentshukumo efanayo e-USA, apho umlo wokulwa nentando yesininzi ngotata "weqela" elincinci lomhlangano uthandwe kakhulu kwinkqubela phambili. Imijikelezo yaseJamani.

 Eli dabi lathatha ithuba elimangalisayo ngoJuni 2nd xa uWalter Lübcke, 65, igosa elinesibindi kwidolophu yaseKassel, ongumChristian Democrat, wadutyulwa wabulawa phambi kwekhaya lakhe. Kwiminyaka emine ngaphambilana wayephendule ngomsindo kwiikhathalogu ezichasene nolwezinye izizwe kubaphulaphuli: Nabani na ongazange athande iinqobo ezasekwa ilizwe eli wayekhululekile ukushiya nangaliphi na ixesha afuna ngalo. Umbulala-mntu, umdanisi we-da-of-the-the-the-the-the-furcist, wayelinde ukumbulala uLübcke okoko, ekhuthazwe ziiblogi zontlalontle, enye yazo yalowo wabambelela ngokubalaseleyo kwiNdlela yaseJamani (AfD).

 Kwalandela iliza elikhulu lokulila nomsindo. Kwiseshoni yorhulumente welizwe nkqu nakwiBavaria egcinakeleyo, bonke ababekhona bema belilele ngenxa yeLübcke- ngaphandle komthunywa omnye we-AfD owayehleli esihlalweni sakhe. Ebesenza izizathu ukususela oko.

 Ukusasazeka ngokubanzi kwelungelo lasekude kunyuke kakhulu. Iqela elincinci le-pro-Nazi yase-Lübcke, kwidolophu yase-Kassel, lenza umnyhadala onomdla wokugweba kwaye wabhengeza ukuba i-500 izakuzimasa. Kwimpendulo enkulu kuwo onke amaqela ezopolitiko (ngaphandle kwe-AfD), iicawe, imibutho yabasebenzi kunye nalo lonke uhlobo lwentlangano, isixeko sigcwalisiwe ngoJulayi 20th. I-anti-fascists ye-10,000 yayikuyo yonke indawo, uninzi lwe-T-sh-anti-Nazi, iiflegi, izibhengezo kunye nengxolo eyaneleyo yokukhupha i-neo-Nazi eyayijongela phantsi, malunga ne-100 yabo, ekhuselwe ngononophelo ngamapolisa, babamba into ababeyibiza ngokuba intlanganiso kwaye ihambile ihlazweni.

Olu yayiluloyiso lokwenene kwimbumbulu yemfazwe. Olona loyiso lufunekayo ngokukhawuleza kwiiveki ezintlanu ezizayo. I-East Germany ithi Saxony kunye neBrandenburg bavota ngoSeptemba 1st, eThuringia ngo-Okthobha nge-27th, ukuya kuthi ga ngoku ukuvota kunika i-AfD ithuba elinamandla lokuphumelela kwindawo yokuqala. Ukudibana ngokubanzi kwamaqela amathathu okanye amaqela amane kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza oorhulumente ngaphandle kwawo.

 Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku naluphi na ubumbano kwi-AfD sele lukhutshiwe ngabo bonke abanye. Kodwa ezinye zeeChristian Democrats (CDU) eSaxony, nabakhokele urhulumente wonke apho umanyano lwaseJamani, kudala badlala umdlalo ongaphantsi kwetafile kunye ne-AfD ichazwa njenge "footsie". Iziphumo zokufumana kude ekunene, ezifana nezo zaseHungary, eFrance, e-Italiya kwaye zihlala zisekwe kwi-lynch-uhlobo lweziqhulo ezinje nge-USA, ziyothusa ngokwenene. Kwaye nangona i-AfD, ifuna ukuthandwa, ivume esidlangalaleni i-Russia ukuba inyanzelise iRussia, inyanzelisa, kancinci esidlangalaleni, umkhosi omkhulu ohlala unezixhobo zangoku. Ukuchasa umgaqo-nkqubo wayo wenzondo kubantu abanemibala kunye nabo bonke abo bangasekhohlo, kunye nokunyamezelwa kwabo ngogonyamelo, amawaka abavela kulo lonke elaseJamani kulindeleke ukuba kwikomkhulu laseSajonisi Dresden nge-Agasti 24th ancede amaqela endawo kwaye alumkise abavotayo ngengozi ezisongelayo. Njengakwimimandla emininzi yehlabathi lanamhlanje, zonke iindlela zokuzinikela ziyanceda. I-tug-of-world-war ifuna amazwe angaphezulu ukuthintela ukuwela kumngxunya ovuthayo wobugazi kunye nemfazwe etshabalalisayo.

Incwadi kaVictor Grossman yamva nje “Ummeli weSocialist: Ukusuka eHarvard ukuya eKarl-Marx-Allee” (Ushicilelo lwenyanga).