NguDavid Swanson
"Ingcamango 'yemfazwe yoluntu' yayiya kubakho ezindlebeni zabaqulunqi be-Charter ye-UN njengento engekhoyo Hitler, kuba yayisisizathu esasisetyenziswa nguHitler xa wayehlasela iPoland kwiminyaka nje emithandathu ngaphambili. ” —UMichael Mandel
Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu eyadlulayo, i-NATO yayiqhushumbisa iYugoslavia. Oku kunokuba nzima ukuba abantu baqonde ukuba ngubani okholelwa kwi UNowa I-movie yimbali yembali, kodwa: Yintoni urhulumente wakho akuxelele ngayo ukuqhubhiselwa kweBoso kweKosovo. Kwaye kubalulekile.
Nakuba Rwanda Ngaba yimfazwe abantu abaninzi abangafundiswanga abanqwenela ukuba banokuba nayo (okanye mandithi, banqwenela ukuba abanye babenabo), iYugoslavia yimfazwe abonwabileyo ukuba yenzekile-ubuncinci nanini na xa iMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi isilela ngokwenene njengomzekelo wemfazwe entsha. basemva kokungena Siriya umzekelo, okanye Yukreyini - eyokugqibela, njengeYugoslavia, enye kumda phakathi kwempuma kunye nentshonalanga ethathwa njengezicucu.
Uxolo uxolo ukuqokelela eSarajevo kweli hlobo. Umzuzu ubonakala kufanelekile ukukhumbula indlela yokuqhekeka kwemfazwe ye-NATO, eyokuqala emva kweMfazwe ebandayo-ukubethelela amandla ayo, isoyikisa iRussia, inyanzelisa uqoqosho lweshishini, kwaye ibonakalise ukuba umlo omkhulu unokugcina bonke abantu abonzakeleyo kwelinye icala (ngaphandle Ukusuka kwi-helikopta eyazenzakalisa) - le nto yabekwa njani kuthi njengesenzo sobubele.
Ukubulala akuphelanga. I-NATO iyaqhubeka nokwandisa ubulungu bayo kunye nomsebenzi wayo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinjengeAfghanistan neLibya. Ibalulekile ukuba iqale njani le nto, kuba iyakuba kuthi ukuyinqanda.
Abanye bethu bebengekazalwa okanye bebancinci kakhulu okanye bexakeke kakhulu okanye bebandakanyeka kakhulu kwiDemokhrasi okanye bebanjiwe nangoku ukuba uluvo oluphambili alunangqondo. Khange sihoye okanye siwele kubuxoki. Okanye asikhange siwele kubuxoki, kodwa asikafumani ndlela yokwenza ukuba uninzi lwabantu lubajonge.
Nalu uluvo lwam. Zimbini iincwadi ekufuneka wonke umntu azifunde. Zimalunga nobuxoki esasixelelwa malunga neYugoslavia kwii-1990s kodwa zikwincwadi ezimbini ezilungileyo ezimalunga nemfazwe, ixesha, ngaphandle kwe-subtopic. Bazi: Indlela iMelika Ikhupha Ngayo Ubulala: Imfazwe engekho mthethweni, iMonakalo yokuBambisa, kunye nezoLwaphulo nguMichael Mandel, kunye I-Crusade yeziyatha: iYugoslavia, i-NATO kunye ne-Western Delusions nguDian Johnstone.
Incwadi kaJohnstone ibonelela ngemvelaphi yezembali, umxholo, kunye nohlalutyo lwendima ye-United States, yaseJamani, yemithombo yeendaba, kunye nabadlali abahlukeneyo baseYugoslavia. Incwadi kaMandel ibonelela ngeziganeko ezikhawulezileyo kunye nohlalutyo lwegqwetha lolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziweyo. Ngelixa abantu abaninzi abaqhelekileyo e-United States nase-Yurophu beyixhasa okanye beyinyamezele imfazwe ngaphandle kweenjongo ezintle-oko kukuthi, ngenxa yokuba bekholelwa kwi-propaganda-izizathu kunye nezenzo zikarhulumente wase-US kunye ne-NATO kuye kwavela ukuba babe ngabagxeki nabaziphethe kakubi njengesiqhelo .
I-United States yasebenzela ukwahlukana kwe-Yugoslavia, yathintela ngabom izivumelwano ekuvunyelwene ngazo phakathi kwamaqela, kwaye yabandakanyeka kwiphulo lokuqhushumisa ibhombu elabulala inani elikhulu labantu, labonzakalisa abaninzi, labhubhisa iziseko zophuhliso loluntu kunye nezibhedlele kunye neendawo zosasazo. Azange zibekho de kwaqala ukuqhushumba. Oku kwafezekiswa ngobuxoki, ubuqhetseba, kunye nokunyanzelisa malunga nenkohlakalo, kwaye ke kulungelelaniswa njenge-anachronistically njengempendulo yobundlobongela obubangeleyo.
Emva kokuqhushumisa, i-US yavumela amaSilamsi aseBosnia ukuba avumelane nesicwangciso soxolo esifana nesicwangciso i-US ebesithintele ngaphambi kokuba kuqhushumbe ibhombu. Nanku uNobhala Jikelele we-UN uBoutros Boutros-Ghali:
“Kwiiveki zokuqala e-ofisini, abaphathi bakaClinton benze into yokufa kwisicwangciso seVance-Owen ebesinokunika amaSerb ama-43 epesenti yommandla wobumbano. Ngo-1995 eDayton, abasemagunyeni bazingca ngesivumelwano sokuba, emva kweminyaka ephantse ibe mithathu isoyikeka kwaye ixhele, yanika amaSerb ama-49 epesenti kurhulumente ahlulelana aba ngamacandelo amabini. ”
Le minyaka mininzi kamva kufanelekile kuthi ukuba sixelelwe ngenkohliso abaphandi abangazange bakwazi ukuyifumana, nanjengoko kungafumaneki mntu e-Iraq, okanye ubungqina bezicwangciso zokubulala abahlali e-Benghazi, okanye ubungqina yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zamachiza eSyria. Sixelelwa ukuba amajoni aseRussia ahlasela umda waseUkraine ngeenjongo zokubulala. Kodwa xa abantu bejonga loo majoni bona andizifumani. Sifanele sikulungele ukuqwalasela oko kuthetha ntoni.
I-NATO kuye kwafuneka iqhushumbe iKosovo kwiminyaka eli-15 eyadlulayo ukunqanda ukubulawa kwabantu? Ngokwenene? Kutheni uthetha-thethwano nge-sabotage? Kutheni ukhupha bonke ababukeleyo? Kutheni unika isilumkiso seentsuku ezintlanu? Kutheni le nto ubhombise kude nommandla ekucingelwa ukuba ungowobuhlanga? Ngaba umsebenzi wohlangulo wokwenyani ngekhe uthumele imikhosi yomhlaba ngaphandle kwesilumkiso, ngelixa uqhubeka nemizamo yozakuzo? Ngaba umzamo wobuntu awunakuphepha ukubulala amadoda, abafazi kunye nabantwana abaninzi ngeebhombu, ngelixa usongela ukubulawa yindlala ngabantu bonke ngenxa yezohlwayo?
UMandel ujonge ngononophelo kakhulu ukuba semthethweni kwale mfazwe, ethathela ingqalelo lonke ukhuselo awakha walunikwa, kwaye wagqiba kwelokuba waphula i-UN Charter kwaye ibandakanya ukubulala kwizinga elikhulu. UMandel, okanye mhlawumbi umshicileli wakhe, ukhethe ukuqala incwadi yakhe ngohlalutyo lokungabikho semthethweni kweemfazwe e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan, nokushiya iYugoslavia ngaphandle kwesihloko sencwadi. Kodwa yiYugoslavia, hayi i-Iraq okanye i-Afghanistan, ukuba abaxhasi bemfazwe baya kuqhubeka nokukhomba kwiminyaka ezayo njengemodeli yeemfazwe ezizayo-ngaphandle kokuba siyabayeka. Le yayiyimfazwe eyaphula umhlaba omtsha, kodwa yayenza nge-PR esebenzayo ngakumbi kunolawulo luka-Bush. Le mfazwe yaphula umthetho we-UN Charter, kodwa kananjalo-nangona uMandel engayichazanga- Inqaku I loMgaqo-siseko wase-US ofuna ukwamkelwa yi-DRM.
Yonke imfazwe iyaphula Kellogg-Briand Pact. I-Mandel, ngokuqinisekileyo, iyayicima iPact ekubeni ithathelwe ingqalelo nangona iqaphela ubukho bayo kunye nokubaluleka kwayo. Ubhala athi: "Ityala lokuqala elalichasene namaNazi eNuremberg, yayilulwaphulo-mthetho oluchasene noxolo. . . ukwaphulwa kwemvumelwano yezizwe ngezizwe '- izivumelwano zamazwe aphesheya kanye njengeTshatha yeZizwe eziManyeneyo. ” Ayinakulunga loo nto. Umqulu we-UN wawungekabikho. Ezinye izivumelwano zazingafani nazo. Kamva kamva kule ncwadi, uMandel ukhankanya iKellogg-Briand Pact njengesiseko sezotshutshiso, kodwa uyayithatha iPact ngokungathi yayikho ngelo xesha kwaye ayisekho. Uyayiphatha ngokungathi uyayivala imfazwe enobundlongondlongo, kunayo yonke imfazwe. Ndiyakucaphukela ukuhlawula, njengoko incwadi kaMandel ibalasele, kubandakanya nokugxeka kwakhe iAmnesty International kunye neLungelo lamaLungelo oLuntu ngokwala ukwamkela uMgaqo-siseko we-UN. Kodwa into abayenzayo ukwenza i-UN Charter umnqophiso wexesha elidlulileyo, uMandel ngokwakhe (kwaye phantse wonke umntu) uyayenza kwi-Kellogg-Briand Pact, yokwazisa malunga nokuza kuphazamisa zonke iimpikiswano "zeemfazwe zobuntu."
Ewe kunjalo, ukungqina ukuba yonke imfazwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ithengisiwe njengoncedo loluntu ibenzakalisile abantu ayiphelisi ithiyori yemfazwe yokunceda. Yintoni ecima ukuba ngumonakalo ogcina iziko lemfazwe lijikeleza kuluntu kunye nendalo esingqongileyo. Nokuba, ngokwethiyori, imfazwe eyi-1 e-1,000 999 inokuba yinto elungileyo (leyo andikholelwa kuyo umzuzu), ukulungiselela iimfazwe kuzakuzisa ezinye i-XNUMX kunye nayo. Kungenxa yoko ixesha lifikile ukuqeda iziko.
