Two dozen ex-U.S. intelligence officials urge President Trump to rethink his claims blaming the Syrian government for the chemical deaths in Idlib and to pull back from his dangerous escalation of tensions with Russia.
IMEMORANDAM YE: UMongameli
FROM: Veteran Intelligence Professionals for Sanity (VIPS)*, consortiumnews.com.
UMXHOLO: ISiriya: Ngaba Ngokwenene “Yayiluhlaselo Lwezixhobo Zemichiza”?
I-1-Sibhalela ukukunika isilumkiso esicacileyo malunga nesoyikiso sobutshaba obuxhobileyo kunye neRashiya - kunye nomngcipheko wokunyuka kwimfazwe yenyukliya. Isisongelo sikhule emva kohlaselo lomjukujelwa ngenqanawa eSyria ukuziphindezela kwinto obuyibanga "luhlaselo lwezixhobo zekhemikhali" ngo-Epreli 4 kubemi baseSyria kumazantsi ePhondo lase-Idlib.
Umongameli uTrump kwinkomfa yeendaba kunye noKumkani waseJordan u-Abdullah II ngo-Aprili 5, 2017, apho uMongameli waphawula malunga nengxaki eSyria. (Iskrini sithathwe kwi-whitehouse.gov)
I-2 - Abafowunelwa bethu boMkhosi wase-US kule ndawo basixelele ukuba ayisiyiyo into eyenzekayo. Kwakungekho “hlaselo lwezixhobo zekhemikhali” zaseSyria. Endaweni yoko, inqwelomoya yaseSyria yaqhushumbisa indawo yokugcina izixhobo ze-al-Qaeda-in-Syria ethe yabonakala izele ziikhemikhali eziyingozi kwaye umoya onamandla wavuthuza ilifu eligcwele imichiza kwilali ekufutshane apho abaninzi bafela khona.
I-3 - Yiloo nto amaRashiya namaSiriya aye athetha kwaye-okubaluleke ngakumbi-into ababonakala bekholelwa ukuba yenzeke.
I-4 - Ngaba sigqiba kwelokuba i-White House ibinika iinjengele zethu ukuyalela; ukuba bayayithetha le nto bayixelelwayo?
I-5 - Emva kokuba uPutin ecenge u-Assad ngo-2013 ukuba ayeke izixhobo zakhe zekhemikhali, uMkhosi wase-US watshabalalisa iitoni ze-600 ze-Syria ze-CW stockpile kwiiveki nje ezintandathu. Isigunyaziso soMbutho weZizwe eziManyeneyo woThintelo lweZixhobo zeMichiza (OPCW-UN) yayikukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke zitshatyalalisiwe - njengomyalelo wabahloli be-UN e-Iraq malunga ne-WMD. Iziphumo zabahloli be-UN kwi-WMD zaziyinyani. URumsfeld kunye neenjengele zakhe baxokile kwaye oku kubonakala kusenzeka kwakhona. Imiba iphezulu ngoku; ukubaluleka kobudlelwane bokuthembana kunye neenkokeli zaseRussia akunakuchazwa.
I-6 - NgoSeptemba 2013, emva kokuba uPutin ecenge u-Assad ukuba ayeke izixhobo zakhe zekhemikhali (enika u-Obama indlela yokuphuma kwingxaki enzima), uMongameli waseRashiya wabhala i-op-ed yeNew York Times apho wathi: "Ukusebenza kwam kunye nobuqu bam. Ubudlelwane noMongameli Obama buphawulwa ngokukhula kwentembeko. Ndiyayibulela le nto.”
I-Détente Nipped kwi-Bud
I-7 - iminyaka emithathu nangaphezulu kamva, nge-4 ka-Epreli, i-2017, iNkulumbuso yaseRashiya uMedvedev wathetha "ngokungathembani ngokupheleleyo," awathi "ibuhlungu ngenxa yobudlelwane bethu obonakaliswe ngokupheleleyo [kodwa] iindaba ezilungileyo kubanqolobi." Ayisiyo buhlungu kuphela, ngokwembono yethu, kodwa ayiyomfuneko kwaphela - imbi kakhulu, iyingozi.
I-8 - Ngokucinywa kweMoscow kwisivumelwano sokuphelisa ungquzulwano lwenqwelomoya eSyria, iwotshi ibuyiselwe emva kwiinyanga ezintandathu kwimeko kaSeptemba/Okthobha odlulileyo xa iinyanga ezili-11 zothethathethwano olunzima zisa isivumelwano sokuphelisa imfazwe. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-US Air Force kwizikhundla ezisisigxina zomkhosi waseSyria ngoSeptemba 17, 2016, ukubulala malunga ne-70 kunye nokulimaza enye i-100, kwaphazamisa isivumelwano esandula ukumisa umlilo esivunywe ngu-Obama noPutin kwiveki ngaphambili. Ukuthemba kuye kwaphela.
Umtshabalalisi okhokelwa-i-missile u-USS Porter uqhuba imisebenzi yogwayimbo ngelixa eLwandle lweMeditera, ngo-Epreli 7, 2017. (Ifoto ye-Navy yi-Petty Officer 3rd Class Ford Williams)
9 - NgoSeptemba 26, 2016, uMphathiswa Wezangaphandle uLavrov wakhala: "Umhlobo wam olungileyo uJohn Kerry ... ULavrov ugxeke uSihlalo we-JCS uJoseph Dunford ngokuxelela iCongress ukuba uyakuchasa ukwabelana ngolwazi neRussia eSyria, “emva kwesivumelwano [sokupheliswa komlilo], saqukunjelwa ngokwemiyalelo kaMongameli waseRussia uVladimir Putin kunye noMongameli wase-US uBarack Obama, bachaze ukuba la macala mabini aya kwabelana. ubukrelekrele. … Kunzima ukusebenza namaqabane anjalo. …”
Ngomhla we-10 ku-Okthobha, i-1, isithethi seSebe lezangaphandle laseRashiya uMaria Zakharova walumkisa, "Ukuba i-US iqalise ukuhlasela ngokuthe ngqo iDamasko kunye nomkhosi waseSiriya, oko kuya kubangela utshintsho olubi, lwetectonic kungekhona kwilizwe kuphela, kodwa kulo lonke. ummandla.”
I-11 - Ngo-Oct 6, i-2016, umkhulumeli wezokhuselo waseRashiya uMaj. Gen. Igor Konashenkov walumkisa ukuba iRashiya yayilungele ukudubula iinqwelo-moya ezingabonakaliyo - kuquka nayiphi na inqwelo-moya ye-stealth - phezu kweSiriya. U-Konashenkov wenza inqaku lokongeza ukuba ukukhusela umoya waseRashiya "akuyi kuba nexesha lokuchonga imvelaphi" yendiza.
I-12 - Ngo-Oct 27, i-2016, uPutin wakhala esidlangalaleni, "Izivumelwano zam zobuqu kunye noMongameli wase-United States azizange zivelise iziphumo," kwaye wakhalaza "ngabantu baseWashington abalungele ukwenza konke okusemandleni ukukhusela ezi zivumelwano ukuba ziphunyezwe ngokusebenza. .” Ebhekisa eSyria, uPutin ukugxekile ukunqongophala "kokuchasene nobunqolobi emva kothethathethwano olude, umzamo omkhulu, kunye nokulalanisa okunzima."
I-13 - Ke, imeko eyingozi ngokungeyomfuneko apho ubudlelwane base-US-Russian buye batshona-ukusuka "kukukhula kokuthembana" ukuya "kukungathembani ngokupheleleyo." Ngokuqinisekileyo, abaninzi bayalwamkela uxinezeleko oluphezulu, oluthi-okuvunyiweyo lulunge kakhulu kwishishini lezixhobo.
I-14 - Sikholelwa ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela ubudlelwane kunye neRashiya ekuweni kwimeko yokuphazamiseka ngokupheleleyo. Utyelelo lukaNobhala uTillerson eMoscow kule veki lunika ithuba lokumisa umonakalo, kodwa kukwakho nengozi yokuba inokonyusa i-acrimony – ngakumbi ukuba uNobhala uTillerson akaqhelananga nembali emfutshane ebekwe ngasentla.
I-15 - Ngokuqinisekileyo lixesha lokujongana neRashiya ngokusekelwe kwiinyani, kungekhona izityholo ezisekelwe kakhulu kubungqina obungathandabuzekiyo - ukusuka "kumajelo asekuhlaleni," umzekelo. Ngelixa abaninzi benokulijonga eli xesha loxinzelelo oluphezulu njengokulawula ingqungquthela, sicebisa ngokuchaseneyo ukuba yinyani. Unokucinga ngokuyalela uNobhala u-Tillerson ukuba aqalise amalungiselelo engqungquthela yokuqala kunye noMongameli uPutin.
* Imvelaphi kwiVeteran Intelligence Professionals for Sanity (VIPS), uluhlu lwazo ezikhutshiweyo ezinokufumaneka https://consortiumnews.com/vips-memos/.
Iqaqobana lamagqala eCIA aseka iVIPS ngoJanuwari 2003 emva kokugqiba ukuba uDick Cheney noDonald Rumsfeld bayalele oogxa bethu bangaphambili ukuba benze ubukrelekrele ukuze "bathethelele" imfazwe engeyomfuneko ne-Iraq. Ngelo xesha sakhetha ukucinga ukuba uMongameli George W. Bush wayengazi ngokupheleleyo oku.
Sikhuphe iMemorandam yethu yokuqala kaMongameli emva kwemini ngoFebruwari 5, 2003, emva kwentetho kaColin Powell engazalwanga kakuhle kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo. Sithetha noMongameli Bush, savala ngala mazwi:
Akukho bani unembombo kuyo inyaniso; kwaye asinako ukucinga ukuba uhlalutyo lwethu "alunakuphikiswa" okanye "alunakuphikiswa" [izichazi uPowell azisebenzisayo kwizityholo zakhe ngakuSaddam Hussein]. Kodwa emva kokubukela uNobhala uPowell namhlanje, siqinisekile ukuba uya kuncedakala ukuba uyandisa ingxoxo ... ngaphaya kwesangqa sabo bacebisi bazimisele ngokucacileyo kwimfazwe esingaboni sizathu sinyanzelisayo kwaye sikholelwa ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka. ukuba yintlekele.
Ngentlonipho, sinikezela ngengcebiso efanayo kuwe, Mongameli Trump.
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KwiQela eliLawulayo, abaPhezulu beeNkcukacha zoBugcisa boBungqina beSanity
U-Eugene D. Betit, uMhlalutyi wezobuNgqondo, iDIA, iSoviet FAO, (uMkhosi wase-US, uphinda-phinda.)
UWilliam Binney, uMlawuli woBugcisa, i-NSA; umseki, iZiko loPhando lwe-SIGINT oluzenzekelayo (ret.)
UMarshall Carter-Tripp, iGosa leNkonzo yaNgaphandle kunye noMlawuli wangaphambili we-Ofisi kwi-Bureau yeSebe lezoBuntlola kunye noPhando, (ret.)
UThomas Drake, iNkonzo yesiGqeba esiPhezulu, i-NSA (yangaphambili)
URobert Furukawa, uKapteni, CEC, USN-R, (ret.)
UFilip Giraldi, i-CIA, iGosa lokuSebenza (i-ret.)
UMike Gravel, owayesakuba ngu-Adjutant, igosa eliphezulu eliyimfihlo, iNkonzo yezoNxibelelwano lwezoNxibelelwano; i-arhente ekhethekileyo ye-Counter Intelligence Corps kunye nowayesakuba nguSenator wase-United States
UMateyu Hoh, owayenguMphathi, i-USMC, i-Iraq kunye neGosa leNkonzo yaNgaphandle, e-Afghanistan (i-VIPS edibeneyo)
ULarry C. Johnson, iCIA kunye neSebe leLizwe (ret.)
UMichael S. Kearns, uMphathi, e-USAF (Ret.); owayesakuba nguMyaleli we-SERE we-Strategic Reconnaissance Operations (NSA/DIA) kunye neeYunithi zeMishini eziKhethekileyo (JSOC)
UJohn Brady Kiesling, iGosa leNkonzo yaMazwe angaPhandle (ret.)
UJohn Kiriakou, owayesakuba umhlalutyi weCIA kunye negosa lokulwa nobunqolobi, kunye nowayesakuba ngumphandi omkhulu, iKomiti yeSenate yoBudlelwane baNgaphandle.
ULinda Lewis, umhlalutyi wemigaqo-nkqubo yokulungela i-WMD, i-USDA (ret.) (i-VIPS edibeneyo)
UDavid MacMichael, iBhunga leSizwe lezobuNtlola (oret.)
URay McGovern, owayesakuba yi-US Army infantry/igosa lobuntlola kunye nomhlalutyi weCIA (ret.)
U-Elizabeth Murray, iSekela leGosa leSizwe lezoBuntlola kwi-Near East, i-CIA kunye neBhunga leSizwe lezoBuntlola (ret.)
UTorin Nelson, owayesakuba liGosa lezobuNgcali/uMhloli, iSebe loMkhosi
Todd E. Pierce, MAJ, iGqwetha leJaji loMkhosi wase-US (Ret.)
UCleenleen Rowley, ummeli okhethekileyo we-FBI kunye noMcebisi wezeMithetho weSithili saseMinneapolis (i-ret.).
UScott Ritter, owayesakuba ngu-MAJ., USMC, kunye nowayesakuba nguMhloli we-UN Weapon, e-Iraq
UPeter Van Buren, iSebe leSizwe laseMelika, iGosa leNkonzo yaNgaphandle (ret.) (i-VIPS edibeneyo)
U-Kirk Wiebe, owayenguMhlalutyi oMkhulu, i-SIGINT Automation Research Centre, i-NSA
URobert Wing, owayesakuba liGosa leNkonzo yaNgaphandle (i-VIPS edibeneyo)
Ann Wright, US Army Reserve Colonel (ret) kunye nowayesakuba US Diplomat
