By Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Thuto ea Khotso, July 26, 2020
(E ngotsoe hape ho tsoa ho: Global Network of Women Peacebuilders. La 17 Phupu 2020.)
E ngotsoe ke Katrina Leclerc
"Ho tsoa sechabeng seo bacha ba tsoelang pele ho ba le pefo, khethollo, kenyeletso e fokolang ea lipolotiki, 'me ba le lintšing tsa ho lahleheloa ke tšepo tsamaisong ea mmuso, ho amoheloa ha UNSCR 2535 ke moea oa tšepo le bophelo ho rona. Ha ho letho le matlafatsang ho feta ho ananeloa, ho kenyeletsoa ka mokhoa o utloahalang, ho tšehetsoa, le ho fuoa lekala ho thusa ho aha hona joale le bokamoso moo rona, bacha, re bonoang re lekana litafoleng tse fapaneng tsa ho etsa liqeto.” - Lynrose Jane Genon, Moetapele oa Mosali e Mocha Philippines
Ka la 14 Phupu, 2020, Lekhotla la Tšireletso la Machaba a Kopaneng le ile la amohela qeto ea lona ea boraro mabapi le Bacha, Khotso le Tšireletso (YPS), e tšehelitsoeng ke Fora le Dominican Republic. Qeto 2535 (2020) e ikemiseditse ho potlakisa le ho matlafatsa ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha diqeto tsa YPS ka:
- ho theha lenaneo ka har'a tsamaiso ea Machaba a Kopaneng le ho theha mokhoa oa ho tlaleha oa lilemo tse 2;
- ho kopa ts'ireletso ea tsamaiso ka bophara ea bacha ba bōpang khotso le baitseki;
- ho hatisa ho potlaka ha bonkakarolo bo nang le moelelo ba bacha ba bōpang khotso ha ba etsa liqeto mabapi le karabelo ea botho; le
- ho elelloa likamano lipakeng tsa sehopotso sa Qeto ea 1325 ea Lekhotla la Tšireletso la UN (basali, khotso le tšireletseho), ea 25.th sehopotso sa Phatlalatso ea Beijing le Platform for Action, le 5th sehopotso sa Maikemisetso a Ntlafatso ea Moshoelella.
A mang a matla a bohlokoa a UNSCR 2535 a aha holim'a mosebetsi o phehellang le bobuelli ba mekhatlo ea sechaba, ho kenyeletsoa le Global Network of Women Peacebuilders (GNWP). Ha re ntse re amohela qeto e ntjha, re lebeletse ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha bona ka katleho!
Kutlwano
Ntlha ea bohlokoa ea qeto ena ke hore e totobatsa dipakeng ea lenaneo la YPS mme o hlokomela hore bacha ha se sehlopha se ts'oanang, se batlang "Tsireletso ea bacha bohle, haholo-holo basali ba bacha, baphaphathehi le bacha ba balehileng mahaeng a bona likhohlanong tse hlometseng le ka mor'a likhohlano le ho kenya letsoho ha bona lits'ebetsong tsa khotso." GNWP esale e buella, le ho kenya ts'ebetsong, mekhoa ea litsela tsa khotso le ts'ireletso ka lilemo tse fetang leshome. Re lumela hore ho aha khotso e tsitsitseng, hoa hlokahala ho sebetsana le litšitiso tse ntseng li eketseha tseo batho le lihlopha tse fapaneng ba tobanang le tsona ho latela tekano ea bona, bong, morabe, (dis) bokhoni, maemo a sechaba le moruo, le lintlha tse ling.
Ho tlosa litšitiso tsa ho kenya letsoho
Ha e le hantle, ho kopana ho bolela ho lemoha le ho tlosa litšitiso tse thibelang ho kenya letsoho lits'ebetsong tsa ho aha khotso - ho kenyeletsoa thibelo ea likhohlano, ho rarolla likhohlano, le ho tsosolosa ka mor'a likhohlano. Lithibelo tse joalo li hlalositsoe ho UNSCR 2535, e hlokang mekhoa e felletseng ea ho aha khotso le ho boloka khotso ka ho rarolla lisosa tsa likhohlano.
Sena se bohlokoa haholo hobane litšitiso tsa meralo li ntse li fokotsa ho nka karolo le bokhoni ba bacha, haholoholo basali ba bacha. Setšoantšo sa GNWP Baetapele ba Basali ba Bacha (YWL) naheng ea Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) e ba le phihlelo ea "matsete a sa lekaneng ho thusa ho kenyeletsa." Mohlala, profinseng ea Kivu Leboea, basali ba bacha ba thehile le ho tsamaisa likhoebo tse nyane ka lilemo tse peli le halofo ba ba fa chelete e nyane ho ts'ehetsa mosebetsi oa bona oa tšimo le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa botho. Leha ho na le lekeno le tlase la likhoebo tse nyane, le taba ea hore ba tsetela phaello eohle molemong oa merero e molemong oa sechaba sa habo bona, balaoli ba lehae ba ntse ba lefisa basali ba bacha 'makhetho' a bonahalang a sa utloahaleng - ntle le litokomane kapa mabaka. Sena se sitisitse bokhoni ba bona ba kholo le nts'etsopele ea moruo kaha ba bangata ba fumane hore 'lekhetho' lena ha lea ka la lokisoa ka ho lekana le lekeno la bona le lenyenyane. E boetse e sitisitse bokhoni ba bona ba ho tsetela bocha liphaello tsa bona tse nyane ho ts'ehetsa mats'oao a bona a ho aha khotso.
Ho amoheloa ke UNSCR 2535 ea litšitiso tse rarahaneng le tse nang le mekhahlelo e mengata ea ho kenya letsoho ha bacha ke habohlokoa ho netefatsa hore mekhoa e hlokang toka le e boima, e behiloeng ho bacha haholo-holo ho basali ba bacha, e felisoa. Litsamaiso tse tšehetsang li tlameha ho behoa pele ho netefatsa katleho ea matsapa a bacha ba lehae a kenyang letsoho tsoelopeleng e akaretsang le botleng ba sechaba.
Bacha le ho thibela liketso tse mabifi tse feteletseng
Qeto ena e boetse e amohela karolo ea bacha khahlanong le bokhukhuni le ho thibela liketso tse feteletseng tse mabifi (PVE). Baetapele ba Bacha ba Khotso ba GNWP ke mohlala oa boetapele ba bacha ho PVE. Indonesia, YWL e sebelisa thuto le bobuelli ho loants'a pherekano ea basali ba bacha. Liprofinseng tsa Poso le Lamongan, moo YWL e sebetsang teng, ba sebetsa ho thibela le ho loantša maikutlo a feteletseng a mabifi ka ho rarolla lisosa tsa motheo ka har'a moralo oa ts'ireletso ea batho.
Letsetsa litšebelisano tsa WPS le YPS
Qeto ena e ipiletsa ho Dinaha tseo e leng Ditho ho ananela le ho hodisa dikamano pakeng tsa Basadi, Kgotso le Tshireletso (WPS); le manane a Bacha, Khotso le Tšireletseho - ho kenyeletsoa Sehopotso sa bo20 sa UNSCR 1325 (basali, khotso le tšireletseho) le sehopotso sa bo25 sa Phatlalatso ea Beijing le Platform for Action.
Mekhatlo ea sechaba, haholo-holo basali le bacha ba bōpang khotso, ke khale ba batla hore ho be le likamano tse kholo pakeng tsa merero ea WPS le YPS kaha litšitiso tse ngata le mathata ao basali le bacha ba tobaneng le 'ona ke karolo ea meetlo e tšoanang ea khethollo. Khethollo, ho khesoa le tlhekefetso ea banana le basali ba bacha hangata e tsoela pele ho ba batho ba baholo, ntle le haeba maemo a lumellang a theoa bakeng sa matlafatso ea bona. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, banana le basali ba bacha ba nang le tšehetso e matla ho tsoa malapeng, likolong le mekhatlong e meng ea sechaba ba hlomelloa hamolemo ho hlokomela bokhoni ba bona ba ho ba batho ba baholo.
GNWP e nkile boipiletso bona bakeng sa dikamano tse matla pakeng tsa WPS le YPS ditshebetsong tse mabapi le Foramo ya Tekano ya Moloko (GEF) ka bobuelli ba yona bakeng sa Kopano ya Tshebetso ho WPS le YPS. Bobuelli bona bo ile ba hlokomeloa ke Core Group ea GEF ka nts'etsopele ea Compact Coalition on Women, Peace and Security and Humanitarian Action ka har'a ts'ebetso ea tlhahlobo ea Beijing+25. Le hoja lebitso la Compact le sa kenyelletse YPS, ho kenyeletsoa ha basali ba bacha tabeng ea ho etsa liqeto ho totobalitsoe tlalehong ea khopolo ea Compact.
Karolo ea bacha karabelong ea liphallelo
Qeto ena e hlokomela phello ea seoa sa COVID-19 ho bacha hammoho le karolo eo ba e nkang ho arabela koluoa ena ea bophelo bo botle. E ipiletsa ho baetsi ba melaoana le bankakarolo ho netefatsa boitlamo ba bacha ho thero le karabelo ea botho joalo ka ha ho hlokahala ho ntlafatsa katleho ea lithuso tsa botho.
Bacha ba ka pele ho karabelo ea seoa sa COVID-19, ba fana ka ts'ehetso e pholosang bophelo metseng ea lehae e anngoeng haholo ke koluoa ea bophelo bo botle. Mohlala, Baetapele ba Bacha ba GNWP ba Afghanistan, Bangladesh, DRC, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines le South Sudan ba bile teng. ho fana ka ts'ehetso ea liphallelo le phatlalatso ea tlhahisoleseling ho khothaletsa mehato e sireletsehileng ea boits'ireletso le ho hanyetsa 'litaba tsa bohata' mecheng ea litaba tsa sechaba. Naheng ea Philippines, YWL e hasane 'dignity kits' ho sechaba sa lehae ho netefatsa bophelo bo botle le polokeho ea batho ba tlokotsing le malapa a qheletsoeng ka thoko ke seoa sena.
Tšireletso ea batšehetsi ba bacha le tšehetso ho baphonyohi
Ho tloha khale, qeto e hlokomela tlhokahalo ea ho sireletsa sebaka sa sechaba sa bahahi ba khotso le baitseki - ho kenyelletsa le tlhoko ea bohlokoa ea ts'ireletso e hlakileng ea basireletsi ba litokelo tsa botho. E boetse e ipiletsa ho Linaha tseo e leng Litho ho fana ka "phihlello ea thuto ea boleng bo holimo, tšehetso ea moruo oa sechaba le nts'etsopele ea litsebo joalo ka koetliso ea mosebetsi oa matsoho, ho qala bophelo ba sechaba le moruo" ho baphonyohi ba likhohlano tsa libetsa le baphonyohi ba tlhekefetso ea thobalano.
Phihlelo ea Baetapele ba Basali ba Bacha naheng ea DRC e totobalitse bohlokoa ba ho arabela tlhekefetso ea thobalano ka mahlakoreng a mangata le ho baphonyohi, hammoho le karolo ea bohlokoa ea bahahi ba khotso ba bacha ho rarolla mathata a likhohlano. Basali ba bacha ba bōpang khotso ba tšehetsa baphonyohi ba tlhekefetso ea thobalano ka ho fana ka tšehetso ea kelello le ea boitšoaro ho baphonyohi. Ka ho phahamisa tlhokomeliso le tšebelisano 'moho le balekane ba lehae ba se ba qalile ho tlosa pale ho tloha ho motho ea hlokofalitsoeng ho ea ho mophonyohi, tsoelo-pele ea bohlokoa bakeng sa sekhobo le mokhatlo oa basali ba bacha. Leha ho le joalo, ho bua ka taba ena e thata ho ka ba beha kotsing - ka hona, ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa tšireletso e lekaneng bakeng sa batšehetsi ba basali ba bacha.
Mokhoa oa ho kenya ts'ebetsong le boikarabello
UNSCR 2535 hape ke eona e shebaneng haholo le liqeto tsa YPS. E kenyelletsa khothatso e khethehileng ho Linaha tseo e leng Litho ho ntshetsa pele le ho kenya ts'ebetsong mekhoa ea litsela ho bacha, khotso le ts'ireletso - ka lisebelisoa tse inehetseng le tse lekaneng. Lisebelisoa tsena li lokela ho ba tse fapa-fapaneng le tsa sebele. Sena se tšoana le tsa GNWP bobuelli ba nako e telele bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse lekaneng ho ts'ehetsa kaho ea khotso e etelletsoeng pele ke basali, ho kenyeletsoa le basali ba bacha. Hangata, limmapa tsa litsela le merero ea ts'ebetso li etsoa ntle le lichelete tse inehetseng, tse fokotsang ts'ebetsong ea lenaneo le ho kenya letsoho ho utloahalang ha bacha ho boloka khotso. Ho feta moo, qeto e kgothalletsa ditjhelete tse inehetseng bakeng sa mekgatlo e eteletsweng pele ke batjha le e tsepamisitseng maikutlo hodima batjha, mme e hatella ho hlophiswa ha lenaneo la YPS ka hara UN. Sena se tla felisa litšitiso tse eketsehileng tseo bacha ba tobaneng le tsona kaha hangata ba sebetsa ka thata 'me ba haelloa ke moruo. Ho lebeletsoe hore bacha ba fane ka litsebo le liphihlelo tsa bona e le baithaopi, e leng ho eketsang karohano ea moruo le ho qobella ba bangata ho sala kapa ho phela bofutsaneng.
Bacha ba na le karolo eo ba lokelang ho e bapala ho boloka khotso le boiketlo ba moruo sechabeng. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa hore li kenyeletsoe likarolong tsohle tsa moralo, ts'ebetsong, le ho beha leihlo menyetla le boikitlaetso bo shebaneng le moruo; haholo-holo, hona joale ka har'a maemo a seoa sa lefats'e sa COVID-19 se bakileng ho se tšoane le moroalo o eketsehileng maemong a moruo oa lefatše. Ho amoheloa ha UNSCR 2535 ke mohato oa bohlokoa ho netefatsa seo. Joale - ho ea ts'ebetsong!
Lipuisano tse Tsoelang Pele le Baetapele ba Basali ba Bacha mabapi le Bohlokoa ba UNSCR 2535
GNWP e na le lipuisano tse tsoelang pele le Baetapele ba Bacha ba Bacha lefatšeng ka bophara mabapi le bohlokoa ba UNSCR 2535 le liqeto tse ling tsa YPS. Maikutlo a bona ke ana:
"UNSCR2535 e bohlokoa metseng ea rona le lefats'e ka bophara hobane e tiisa bohlokoa ba ho kenya letsoho ho matla ha bacha ho theheng sechaba se nang le toka le botho. Ka lebaka la hore naha ea rona e fetisitse Molao oa Anti-Terrorism haufinyane tjena, qeto ena e ka boela ea e-ba mokhoa o sireletsang batšehetsi ba bacha ba sebetsanang le litšusumetso tse fapaneng tse kang ho aha khotso, ho sireletsa litokelo tsa botho le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng." - Sophia Dianne Garcia, Moetapele oa Mosali e Mocha oa Philippines
"Ho tsoa sechabeng seo bacha ba tsoelang pele ho ba le pefo, khethollo, kenyeletso e fokolang ea lipolotiki, 'me ba le lintšing tsa ho lahleheloa ke tšepo tsamaisong ea mmuso, ho amoheloa ha UNSCR 2535 ke moea oa tšepo le bophelo ho rona. Ha ho letho le matlafatsang ho feta ho ananeloa, ho kenyeletsoa ka mokhoa o utloahalang, ho tšehetsoa, le ho fuoa lekala ho thusa ho aha hona joale le bokamoso moo rona, bacha, re bonoang re lekana litafoleng tse fapaneng tsa ho etsa liqeto.” - Lynrose Jane Genon, Moetapele oa Mosali e Mocha Philippines
“Joaloka mosebeletsi lekaleng la puso ea libaka, ke nahana hore re hloka ho buisana le bacha nakong eohle ea tšebetso ena ea kaho ea khotso. Ho kenya letsoho bacha ho bolela ho re hlokomela, re le ba bang ba batšoantšisi ba lipolotiki ba ka susumetsang liqeto. ’Me liqeto tseo li tla re ama qetellong. Ha re batle ho hlokomolohuoa. 'Me ho hobe ka ho fetisisa, ho senyeha. Ho kenya letsoho, ka hona ke matlafatso. Mme seo se bohlokwa.” - Cynth Zephanee Nakila Nietes, Moetapele oa Mosali e Mocha oa Philippines
"Joalokaha UNSCR 2535 (2020) ha e hlokomele feela boemo bo itseng ba bacha, empa hape e phahamisa karolo ea bona le bokhoni ba bona ba ho thibela likhohlano, ho haha sechaba se nang le khotso le se kenyeletsang le ho sebetsana le litlhoko tsa botho ka katleho. Seo se ka finyelloa ka ho matlafatsa karolo ea bacha ba bōpang khotso, haholo-holo basali, ho kenya letsoho bacha karabelong ea liphallelo, ho memela mekhatlo ea bacha ho tsebisa Lekhotla, le ho nahana ka boemo bo itseng ba bacha litabeng tsa lipuisano le liketso tsa mokhatlo oo bohle ba hlokahalang nakong ena. setjhaba sa bohle.” - Shazia Ahmadi, Moetapele oa Mosali e Mocha naheng ea Afghanistan
"Ka maikutlo a ka, sena se bohlokoa haholo. Hobane joaloka setho sa moloko o monyenyane, haholo-holo sebakeng sa rona, re batla ho khona ho kenya letsoho ka tiisetso ea tšireletso. Kahoo, ka hona, re ka boela ra eloa hloko boitekong ba ho boloka khotso ka boeona esita le ha re etsa liqeto le litaba tse ling tse amanang le khotso le botho.” - Jeba, Moetapele oa Mosali e Mocha Indonesia
