Ka morao ho batho ba 1890 ba neng ba lumela ho hlōla k'honthinente ba ne ba bolaea ka ho lekaneng (ntle le ho hapa Hawaii, Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, joalo-joalo) ba kenyeletse Mopresidente oa House Thomas Reed. O ile a qeta sehlooho se tsoang koranteng e buang ka lynching South Carolina. O ile a qeta sehlooho se buang ka "Tšitiso e 'Ngoe e' ngoe Cuba." O ile a li bokella (litaba tse iqapetsoeng!) Eaba o li fa Congressman oa Carolina Boroa ea neng a qobella ntoa Cuba. Lekhotla la Congress le ile la bala sehlooho sena ka cheseho, eaba le emisa, la makatsa, la re "Ke hobane'ng ha ena e se Cuba?"
Ke khothaletsa ho leka ho qhekella. Sheba sehlooho se buang ka Baiseraele ba bolaeang Mapalestina, kapa ba halefisitsoe chankaneng ea US kapa khalase ea Saudi kapa tlas'a pula ea libomo tsa botho Afghanistan, Pakistan, Syria, Yemen, Somalia, Iraq, Libya, kapa libakeng tse ling; e behe ka tlas'a sehlooho se buang ka Iran, North Korea, Bashar al Assad, kapa Vladimir Putin. E bonts'a motho ea haufi haholo le setho sa hau sa Congress kapa li-senator tseo u khonang ho kena kamoreng e le 'ngoe kapa ho li fumana ka imeile. Kapa mo bontše motho ea nang le tlokotsi hore a be le thelevishene.
Litlolo li lokela ho ba lihlong ka lebaka la seo li leng sona, eseng ka lebaka la hore na ke mang ea li etsang. Lehlohonolo le fumanang hore ho joalo ho United States kajeno!
Mona ke tlhaloso e tsoang bukeng ea ka e ncha, Ho folisa Exceptionalism:
Ka bochaba bo ikhethileng, joalo ka mohlomong ka bochaba bohle, "re" re lokela ho nka motho oa pele ka bongata ho phela ka lilemo tse makholo, e le hore "re loanne Mabritithane" le "re hlōtse Ntoa ea Cold". ho kopantsoe le tumelo ea ho phahama ka tsela e ikhethang, ho lumella molumeli ho lebisa tlhokomelo linthong tse ntle "re", le ho tloha linthong tse hlabisang lihlong "tseo re li entseng, le hoja ka boeena a sa tšoanelehe ho tlotlisoa ka lebaka la pele kapa le molato oa bona. George Orwell o ile a ngola a re: "Motho ea khethollang naha, hase feela hore ha a lumellane le liketso tse sehlōhō tse entsoeng ke lehlakoreng la hae, empa o na le bokhoni bo hlollang ba ho se utloisise ka bona."[I]
Leqepheng la 1 la buka ea Cheneys: "Re tiiselitse bolokolohi, tšireletseho le khotso bakeng sa karolo e kholo ea moloko oa batho ho fapana le sechaba sefe kapa sefe historing eohle."[Ii] Litlaleho tse joalo li joalo, joalo ka mona, ka kakaretso ha li buuoa ka maoto kapa li hlalosoa. Tlalehong ea se latelang, moelelo ona o bonahala o thehiloe haholo ka ho hlahloba Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše e le ho ts'ehetsa tokoloho le khotso, le historing ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše e tlohelang karolo ea tau ea ntoa ea Allies Europe e entsoe ke Soviet Union.
Taba ea hore "rona" ke ba etellang pele khotso le tokoloho e ka 'na eaba e thehiloe lintoeng tsa United States le lihlahisoa tsa libetsa ho tloha Ntoeng ea II ea Lefatše. Ka sebele, haeba mang kapa mang ea loana ntoa ka ho fetisisa 'me a hlahisa lihlomo tse ngata ka ho fetisisa a tlisa khotso le tokoloho ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, joale United States e nka sehlooho. Empa ka ntle ho United States, monahano ona o hole le ho amoheleha hohle - ho fapana le hoo. Linaha tse ngata li hlahisitsoe ka December 2013 ke Gallup bitsoa United States e kholo ka ho fetisisa tšokelo ho khotso lefatšeng.[Iii] Phuputso e entsoeng ke Pew ka 2017 e fumane liphetho tse tšoanang.[Iv]
Ho tloha Ntoeng ea II ea Lefatše, nakong eo lithuto tsa ba bang ba United States li nahanang hore ke nako ea khotso, sesole sa United States se bolaile kapa se thusitse ho bolaea batho ba limilione tse 20, sa felisa bonyane mebuso ea 36, sa kena bonyane likhethong tsa 84 tsa kantle ho naha, tsa leka ho bolaea Baeta-pele ba tsoang linaheng tse ling tsa 50, 'me ba lahle libomo ho batho ba linaheng tse fetang 30.[V] Masole a United States a lefella hoo e batlang e le kamoo masole a mang a lefatše a kopantseng kateng, ha litho tsa United States, litho tsa NATO le lilekane tsa tsona li nka karolo ea boraro ea lichelete tsa sesole lefatšeng. Lihlomo tsa US tse sebetsang ke tse ikhethang ka kutloisiso ea ho etella pele ba bang kaofela, empa e kenyelletsa haholo ho ea ka bareki ba eona. United States, joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, e le ea 2017 e fane ka libetsa 'me maemong a mangata ho koetlisetsoa karolo ea 73 ea lefats'e mebuso ea bohatelli.[vi] Ka sebele hoa khoneha hore u fumane liphello tse ntle ho tse ling tsa sena, empa kutloisiso ea mahlo e hlakileng e hloka ho bekha se setle khahlanong le se sebe. Na lefats'e le sitoang ho ananela mapolesa ana ohle a lefatše a entsoeng ka sehlopha sa ingrates? Kapa na mokhoa oa mapolesa o fosahetse ka ho teba?
Ho qoba ho nyatsuoa ha sechaba, kapa ho itlhahloba ka "rona," likotsi ho lumella ho fana hore e be sekoahelo bakeng sa maemo a mabeli. Batho ba Maamerika ba ne ba ka nahana joang haeba sechaba se seng se ne se lokela ho iketsetsa bolokolohi bo itseng-bo khothalletsang lefats'e? Eo e tla be e le boitšoaro ba "sechaba se sehlōhō." Mona ke palo ea libaka tsa sesole lefats'e tse teng ka ntle ho meeli ea lichaba tsa bona:[vii]
United States - 800
Russia - 9
Fora - 8
United Kingdom - 8
Japane - 1
Korea Boroa - 1
Netherlands - 1
India - 1
Australia - 1
Chile - 1
Turkey - 1
Iseraele - 1
Ka 2007, mopresidente oa Ecuador o ile a bolella United States hore e ka boloka motheo oa eona Ecuador hafeela Ecuador e ka ba le eona Miami, Florida.[viii] Ka sebele khopolo eo e ne e le leqheka ebile e le sehlōhō.
Leano la Machaba a Kopaneng la Litokelo tsa Botho tsa Machaba a Kopaneng, United States ke mokhatlo oa 18, o fokolang ho feta sechaba leha e le sefe sa lefats'e, haese Bhutan (5), mme o kopantsoe le Malaya, Myanmar le South Sudan, naha e qhaqhoang ke ntoa ho tloha ha pōpo ea eona ka 4.[ix] Na United States e sebetsa e le molao oa lefapha la lefats'e ho tsoa sebakeng se seng sa melao ea lefatše? Kapa ho na le ntho e 'ngoe e etsahalang?
Hore United States e entse ntho e itseng ha ea lokela ho lekanyetsa kapa khahlanong le ntho eo. Liketso li lokela ho ema kapa ho oa ka melemo ea tsona. Empa Cheneys e re bolella hore re tlameha ho bona phapang ea boitšoaro pakeng tsa sebetsa sa nyutlelie ea Iran le sa Amerika. Na re lokela ho ba joalo? E ka 'na ea beha tšenyo e eketsehileng, tšebeliso ea kotsi, e sebelisoang ke moeta-pele ea mahlahahlaha, lefu la boima le timetso, koluoa ea tikoloho, ho khutlisetsa liphallelo le apocalypse. E 'ngoe ea lichaba tsena tse peli e na le libetsa tsa nyutlelie[x], o sebelisitse libetsa tsa nyutlelie[xi], e fane ka e 'ngoe ka merero ea libetsa tsa nyutlelie[xii], o na le leano la tšebeliso ea pele ea libetsa tsa nyutlelie[xiii], o na le boeta-pele bo thibelang ho ba le libetsa tsa nyutlelie[xiv], 'me hangata e le tšabo ea ho sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie[xv]. Ha ke nahane hore lintlha tseo li ka etsa hore libetsa tsa nyutlelie matsohong a naha e 'ngoe li be le boitšoaro bo bobe haholo.
Haeba u ipotsa, bapresidente ba United States ba entseng litšokelo tsa nyutlelie ka ho khetheha ho sechaba se seng kapa se seng, seo re se tsebang, ba kentse Harry Truman, Dwight Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, George HW Bush, Bill Clinton le Donald Trump, ha ba bang , ho kenyeletsa Barack Obama, ba 'nile ba re hangata lintho tse kang "Lintho tsohle li ka tafoleng" kamanong le Iran kapa naha e' ngoe.[xvi]
[I] George Orwell, "Notes on Nationalism," http://www.orwell.ru/library/essays/nationalism/english/e_nat.
[Ii] Dick Cheney le Liz Cheney, Ntho e ikhethang: Lebaka Leo Lefatše le Hlokang Amerika e Matla (Liphetolelo tsa Threshold, 2015).
[Iii] Meredith Bennett-Smith, "Womp! Naha Ena e Ile ea bitsoa Tšoso e Khōlō ka ho Fetisisa Khotso ea Lefatše, " HuffPost, https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/01/02/a ho feta- ho feta- lefats'e- palo-country_n_4531824.html (January 23, 2014).
[Iv] Dorothy Manevich le Hanyu Chwe, "Lefatšeng, batho ba bangata ba bona matla le tšusumetso ea United States e le tšoso e kholo," Pew Center Research, http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/01/u-s-power-and-influence-increasingly-seen-as-threat-in-other-countries (August 1, 2017).
[V] David Swanson, "Lintoa tsa US le Liketso tsa Hostile: Letoto," A re ke re leke Democracy, http://davidswanson.org/warlist.
[vi] David Swanson, "Lintoa tsa US le Liketso tsa Hostile: Letoto," A re ke re leke Democracy, http://davidswanson.org/warlist.
[vii] David Swanson, "Ke Hobane'ng ha Masole a Masole a Linaha Tsa Machaba a le Teng ?," A re ke re leke Democracy, http://davidswanson.org/what-are-foreign-military-bases- (July 13, 2015).
[viii] Phil Stewart, "Ecuador e batla setsi sa sesole Miami," Reuters, https://uk.reuters.com/article/ecuador-base/ecuador-atch-military-base-in-miami-idUKADD25267520071022 (Mphalane 22, 2007).
[ix] "Li-Core tsa Machaba tsa Litokelo tsa Botho tsa Botho le lihlopha tsa bona tsa ho hlahloba," Ofisi ea Machaba a Kopaneng ea Litokelo Tsa Botho ea High Commissioner, http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CoreInstruments.aspx.
[x] David Swanson, "Talk Nation Radio: Gareth Porter: Iran ha e e-s'o ka ea e-ba le Lenaneo la Matla a Nyutlelie," A re ke re leke Democracy, http://davidswanson.org/talk-nation-radio-gareth-porter-iran-has-never-had-a-nuclear-weapons-program-3 (Pherekhong 12, 2014).
[xi] David Swanson, "Hiroshima Haunting," A re ke re leke Democracy, "Http://davidswanson.org/hiroshima-haunting (August 6, 2017).
[xii] David Swanson, "Video: RT Covers Jeffrey Sterling Teko," A re ke re leke Democracy, http://davidswanson.org/video-rt-covers-jeffrey-sterling-trial-2 (Pherekhong 16, 2015).
[xiii] "Tlhahlobo ea Khatello ea Nyutlelie," Lefapha la Tšireletso la US, https://www.defense.gov/News/Special-Reports/NPR.
[xiv] "Likhatello Tsa Al Khamenei Tse Amanang le Lihlomo Tsa Nyutlelie," Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Khameneianuel27s_fatwa_against_nuclear_weapons.
[xv] Daniel Ellsberg, Theknoloji ea Doomsday: Confessions of Nuclear War Planner (Bloomsbury USA, 2017), http://www.ellsberg.net/category/doomsday-machine.
[xvi] Daniel Ellsberg, Theknoloji ea Doomsday: Confessions of Nuclear War Planner (Bloomsbury USA, 2017), http://www.ellsberg.net/category/doomsday-machine.
