ke Lawrence Wittner, January 1, 2018, Ntoa ke Tlōlo ea Molao.
Bohareng ba 1930s, e rekisoang haholo tlhahiso ea khoebo ea machaba ea matsoho, ho kopantsoe le US Phuputso ea Congressional baetsi ba limmapa ba etelletsoeng pele ke Senator Gerald Nye, ba bile le tšusumetso e kholo ho maikutlo a sechaba sa Amerika. Ba kholisehile hore borakonteraka ba sesole ba hlohlelletsa thekiso ea libetsa le ntoa molemong oa bona, batho ba bangata ba ile ba nyatsa "barekisi bana ba lefu".
Kajeno, lilemo tse mashome a robeli hamorao, bahlahlami ba bona, bao hona joale ka tlhompho ba bitsoang "borakonteraka ba ts'ireletso," ba ntse ba phela hantle. Ho latela thuto ke Setsi sa Machaba sa Patlisiso ea Khotso sa Stockholm, thekiso ea libetsa le lits'ebeletso tsa sesole ke bahlahlobi ba sesole ba kopaneng ba 100 lefatšeng ka bophara ka 2016 (selemo sa morao-rao seo lipalo li fumanehang ho sona) se nyolohetse ho $ 375 billion. Mekhatlo ea Amerika e ekelitse karolo ea eona ea palo eo ho fihla ho liperesente tse 58, e fana ka libetsa ho bonyane lichaba tsa 100 ho pota lefatše.
Karolo e ka sehloohong e bapaloang ke likhoebo tsa Amerika khoebisanong ea lihlomo ea machabeng e ikamahanya haholo le boiteko ba liofisiri tsa mmuso oa US. Mohlahlobi oa sesole o re: “Likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa mmuso William Hartung, “Ba ikemiselitse ho netefatsa hore lihlomo tsa Amerika li tla tlala 'marakeng oa lefatše mme lik'hamphani tse kang Lockheed le Boeing li tla phela bophelo bo botle. Ho tloha ho mopresidente maetong a hae a mose ho maoatle ho etela baetapele ba linaha tse ikopantseng ho bangoli ba mmuso le ts'ireletso ho basebetsi ba boemeli ba US, liofisiri tsa Amerika khafetsa li sebetsa joalo ka barekisi lifemeng tsa lihlomo. ” Ho feta moo, o re, "Pentagon ke sesebelisoa sa bona. Ho tloha ho etseng khoebo, ho thusa, le ho kenya chelete ka mokhoa oa sebele libankeng tsa libetsa ho isa ho ho fetisetsa libetsa ho balekane ba hau ba lekhetho, ke mohoebi e moholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng oa libetsa. ”
Ka 2013, ha Tom Kelly, motlatsi oa motlatsi oa mongoli oa Ofisi ea Lefapha la Litaba tsa Lipolotiki Lefapheng la Naha a botsoa nakong ea nyeoe ea DRM mabapi le hore na tsamaiso ea Obama e etsa ho lekana ho khothaletsa thekiso ea lihlomo tsa Amerika kantle ho naha, o ile a araba a re: “Re buella ea lik'hamphani tsa rona mme re etsa sohle se matleng a rona ho netefatsa hore thekiso ena ea feta. . . mme seo ke ntho eo re e etsang letsatsi le letsatsi, ha e le hantle [kontinenteng e nngwe le e nngwe ya lefatshe. . . 'me re lula re nahana ka moo re ka ntlafatsang kateng. ” Sena se ipakile e le tekolo e lekaneng, hobane lilemong tse tšeletseng tsa pele tsa tsamaiso ea Obama, liofisiri tsa mmuso oa US li ile tsa fumana tumellano ea thekiso ea libetsa tsa US tse fetang $ 190 billion ho pota lefatše, haholoholo Middle East e sa tsitsang. O ikemiselitse ho feta ea pele ho eena, Mopresidente Donald galaotega ga lonaka, leetong la hae la pele mose ho maoatle, a ithorisa ka lichelete tsa liranta tse limilione tse likete tse limilione tse likete (110) lilemong tse leshome tse latelang le Saudi Arabia.
'Maraka o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa libetsa o ntse o le United States, hobane naha ena e qala pele har'a lichaba tse sebelisetsong chelete ea sesole, liphesente tse 36 ea kakaretso ea lefatše. Trump o na le tjantjello mothusi oa sesole, joalo ka Republican Congress, e leng hona joale e ntseng e sebetsa ho amohela a Keketseho ea 13 lekholong ho tekanyetso ea sesole sa Amerika se seng se ntse se le teng. Boholo ba ts'ebeliso ena ea sesole ea kamoso e tla sebelisetsoa ho reka libetsa tse ncha le tse turang haholo tsa theknoloji e phahameng, bakeng sa ba likonteraka tsa sesole ba tseba ho fana ka limilione tsa lidolara litabeng tsa kampano ho bo-ralipolotiki ba hlokang, ba sebelisa 700 ho ba-1,000 ba nang le boipheliso ho ba khella fatše, ba re mehaho ea bona ea tlhahiso ea sesole e hlokahale bakeng sa ho etsa mesebetsi, le ho matlafatsa litanka tsa bona tsa lichelete tsa ho kenya letsoho ho hlakisa linaheng tse ling tse kholo "Likotsi."
Ba ka ts'epa kamohelo e mosa ho tsoa ho batsamaisi ba bona ba mehleng bao ba ts'oereng maemo a phahameng tsamaisong ea Trump, ho kenyeletsoa: Mongoli oa Ts'ireletso James Mattis (setho sa boto ea mehleng ea General Dynamics); Hlooho ea Basebetsi ea White House John Kelly (ea neng a hiriloe pele ke borakonteraka ba 'maloa ba sesole); Motlatsi oa Mongoli oa Ts'ireletso Patrick Shanahan (molaoli oa mehleng oa Boeing); Mongoli oa Sesole Mark Esper (eo e neng e le motlatsi oa mopresidente oa Raytheon); Mongoli oa Sesole sa Moeeng Heather Wilson (moeletsi oa mehleng oa Lockheed Martin); Undersecretary of Defense for Acquisition Ellen Lord (eo e neng e le CEO oa k'hamphani ea lifofane); le Hlooho ea Basebetsi ea Lekhotla la Ts'ireletso la Naha Keith Kellogg (eo e neng e le mohiruoa oa konteraka e kholo ea sesole le ea bohlale).
Morero ona o sebetsa hantle haholo ho borakonteraka ba sesole sa US, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe ke taba ea Lockheed Martin, mohoebi e moholo oa libetsa lefatšeng. Ka 2016, thekiso ea libetsa tsa Lockheed e ile ea phahama hoo e ka bang karolo ea 11 ho $ Limilione tse likete 41, 'me khampani e ntse e le tseleng ea ho ba le maruo a maholo ka lebaka la tlhahiso ea eona F-35 sefofane sa lifofane. Lockheed o qalile ho sebetsa ho nts'etsapele sefofane sa ntoa se tsoetseng pele ka theknoloji ho li-1980 mme, ho tloha 2001, mmuso oa US o sebelisitse chelete ho feta $ Limilione tse likete 100 bakeng sa tlhahiso ea eona. Kajeno, likhakanyo tsa bahlahlobi ba sesole mabapi le litjeo tsohle ho balekhetho ba li-2,440 F-35 tse lakatsoang ke liofisiri tsa Pentagon li tloha ho $ 1 litrillione ho $ 1.5 litrillione, ho e etsa lenane la theko e tlaase ka ho fetisisa historing ea US.
Batho ba ratang F-35 li lokafalitse litšenyehelo tse ngata tsa sefofane sa ntoa ka ho hatisa bokhoni ba sona ba ho etsa lifti kapele le ho emisa ka ho otloloha, hammoho le ho ikamahanya le maemo ha eona hore e ka sebelisoa ke makala a mararo a fapaneng a sesole sa US. Mme ho tsebahala ha eona ho kanna ha bontša mohopolo oa bona oa hore matla a eona a sa senyeheng a tla ba thusa ho hlola lintoa tse tlang khahlanong le Russia le China. "Re ka se khone ho kena ka sefofaneng ka potlako," Lieutenant General Jon Davis, molaoli oa lifofane oa Marine Corps, o bolelletse komiti e nyane ea House Arm Services Services mathoasong a 2017. "Re na le mofetoleli oa papali, mohapi ntoeng, matsohong a rona. ”
Leha ho le joalo, litsebi tsa lifofane supa hore F-35 e ntse e tsoela pele ho ba le mathata a tebileng a sebopeho le hore sistimi ea eona ea theknoloji e phahameng ea khomphutha e kotsing ea ho hlaseloa ke cyber. Mohlahlobisisi e mong oa sesole oa Morero oa Tlhokomelo ea Mmuso o itse: "Sefofane sena se sa le hole le hore se itokisetse ntoa." "Ha o nahana hore e nkile nako e kae nts'etsopele, o tlameha ho ipotsa hore na e tla lula e lokile."
Ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tse sa tloaelehang tsa morero oa F-35, Donald galaotega ga lonaka qalong o ile a soma khoebo eo ka hore ke “e tsoileng taolong.” Empa, kamora ho kopana le liofisiri tsa Pentagon le CEO oa Lockheed Marilynn Hewson, mopresidente e mocha o ile a fetola tsela, a rorisa "fantastis" F-35 joalo ka "sefofane se seholo" mme a fana ka tumello ea konteraka ea lidolara tse libilione bakeng sa ba bang ba 90 ba bona.
Ha re hetla morao, ha ho le e 'ngoe ea tsena e makatsang ka botlalo. Ntle le moo, borakonteraka ba bang ba baholo ba sesole - ka mohlala, Jeremane ea Bonazi Krupp 'me IG Farben le setsebi sa liphatlalatso tsa Japane Mitsubishi le Sumitomo Ba atlehile haholo ka ho hlomella lichaba tsa bona bakeng sa Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše mme ba tsoela pele ho atleha kamora moo. Hafeela batho ba boloka tumelo ea bona ho boleng bo phahameng ka ho fetesisa ba sesole, re kanna ra lebella hore Lockheed Martin le "bahoebi ba bang ba lefu" ba tsoelepele ho rua molemo ntoeng ka litšenyehelo tsa sechaba.
Lawrence Wittner (http://www.lawrenceswittner.com) ke Moprofesa oa Histori ea hlahang ho SUNY / Albany le mongoli oa Ho Loantša Bomo (Stanford University Press).
