Mokhatlo oa Overseas Base Realignment and Clusive Coalition o rometse lengolo le khothatsang Likomiti tsa Senate le Ntlo ea Sesole sa Ntlo ho kenyeletsa tlhokahalo ea ho tlaleha litsing tse kantle ho FY2020 NDAA ho eketsa pepeneneng, ho boloka lidolara tsa balekhetho, le ho ntlafatsa ts'ireletso ea naha. Lengolo leo, le hokeletsoeng le ka tlase, le saennoe ke litsebi le mekhatlo ea sesole e fetang leshome le metso e 'meli.
Lipotso li ka lebisoa ho OBRACC2018@gmail.com.
Ka leboha,
David
David Vine
Moprofesa
Lefapha la Anthropology
University American
4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW
Washington, DC 20016 USA
August 23, 2019
Honourable James Inhofe
Molula-setulo, Komiti ea Senate mabapi le Litšebeletso tsa Sesole
Honourable Jack Reed
Setho se Khabane, Komiti ea Senate mabapi le Litšebeletso tsa Sesole
Mohlomphehi Adam Smith
Modulasetulo, Komiti ea Litšebeletso tsa Sesole sa Ntlo
Honourable Mac Thornberry
Setho se Akaretsang, Komiti ea Litšebeletso tsa Sesole
Moratuoa Chairmen Inhofe le Smith, le Litho tse Ikhethileng Reed le Thornberry:
Re sehlopha sa litsebi tsa mabotho a sesole tse tsoang lingolong tsohle tsa lipolotiki ho u khothaletsa ho boloka sec. 1079 ea HR 2500, "Tlaleho ka Litsenyehelo tsa Lichelete tsa Ts'ebetso ea Sesole ea United States le Ts'ebetso," ho Molao oa Ts'ireletso ea Naha oa Selemo sa Lichelete 2020. Haeba e sebelisoa ka thata, tlaleho ena e ka phahamisa pepeneneng 'me ea etsa hore tšebeliso e ntle ea tšebeliso ea tšebeliso ea chelete ea Pentagon, e kenye letsoho maitekong a bohlokoa a ho felisa litšenyehelo tsa sesole, le ho matlafatsa boikemisetso ba sesole le polokeho ea naha.
Ka nako e telele haholo, ho bile le ponaletso e fokolang mabapi le metheo ea sesole sa US le ts'ebetso mose ho maoatle. Hajoale ho na le likhakanyo tsa sesole tsa 800 tsa US ("libaka tsa") ka ntle ho libaka tsa 50 le Washington, DC. Li hasane ho pholletsa le linaha le libaka tse ling tsa 80-li imena habeli palo ea linaha tse amohetsoeng ha li bapisoa le ho fela ha Ntoa ea Cold. [1]
Patlisiso e bonts'a nako e telele e le hore ho thata haholo ho koala likhechana tsa mose ho maoatle. Hangata, metheo ea kantle ho naha e lula e bulehile ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso ea marang-rang feela.[2] Basebetsi ba sesole le ba bang khafetsa ba nahana hore haeba setsi sa kantle ho naha se le teng, se tlameha ho ba molemo; Congress ha li qobelle sesole ho sekaseka kapa ho supa melemo ea ts'ireletso ea naha ea litheko kantle ho naha.
Mahlabisa-lihlong a bobolu a Sesole sa Metsing a "Fat Leonard", a bakileng mashome a limilione tsa lidolara ka litefiso tse fetelletseng le bobolu bo atileng har'a liofisiri tse phahameng tsa sesole sa metsing, ke o mong oa mehlala e mengata ea khaello ea bolebeli bo nepahetseng ba sechaba mose ho maoatle. Boteng ba sesole bo ntseng bo hola Afrika ke bo bong: Ha masole a mane a hlokahala ntoeng Niger ho 2017, litho tse ngata tsa Congress li ile tsa makatsoa ke ho tseba hore ho ne ho na le masole a ka bang 1,000 40 naheng eo. Le ha khale Pentagon e bolela hore e na le setsi se le seng feela Afrika - Djibouti - lipatlisiso li bonts'a hore hajoale ho na le meaho e ka bang 46 ea boholo bo fapaneng (ofisiri e le 'ngoe ea sesole e amohetse meaho e 2017 ka 3). [22] Mohlomong u har'a sehlopha se fokolang sa Congress se tsebang hore masole a US a kentse letsoho ntoeng bonyane linaheng tse 2001 ho tloha ka 4, ka litlamorao tse bohloko hangata. [XNUMX]
Mekhoa ea hajoale ea bolebeli ha ea lekana bakeng sa Congress le sechaba ho sebelisa taolo e nepahetseng ea sechaba holim'a meaho le mesebetsi ea sesole kantle ho naha. Tlaleho ea selemo le selemo ea "Pent Structure Report" ea Pentagon e fana ka leseli mabapi le palo le boholo ba libaka tsa mantlha mose ho mose ho maoatle, leha ho le joalo, e hloleha ho tlaleha ka lits'ebetso tse ngata tse tsebahalang linaheng ka bophara mme khafetsa e fana ka tlhaiso-leseling e sa phethahalang kapa e sa nepahalang. [5] Batho ba bangata ba belaela hore Pentagon ha e tsebe palo ea 'nete ea lits'ebetso kantle ho naha.
Lefapha la Ts'ireletso "Tlaleho ea Litjeo tsa Kantle ho Naha," le kentsoeng litokomaneng tsa litekanyetso, le fana ka leseli le lekantsoeng la litheko ho tse ling empa ha se linaha tsohle tseo sesole se nang le metheo. Lintlha tsa Tlaleho li lula li sa phetheha hangata ebile li le sieo linaheng tse ngata. Ka nako e fetang lilemo tse leshome, DoD e tlalehile litšenyehelo tsa selemo le selemo lits'ebetsong tsa kantle ho naha tse ka bang $ 20 billion. Tlhahlobo e ikemetseng e bonts'a hore litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso le ho boloka metheo ea kantle ho naha li feta palo eo habeli, e feta $ 51 billion selemo le selemo, ka litšenyehelo tse felletseng (ho kenyeletsa le basebetsi) tsa hoo e ka bang $ 150 billion. [6] Ho hloka taolo ea tšebeliso ea chelete joalo e makatsa haholo ha ho fuoa mashome a libilione tsa lidola tse tsoang libakeng tsa litho tsa Congress le litereke ho ea libakeng tse mose ho naha selemo se seng le se seng.
Haeba e sebelisoa hantle, tlaleho e hlokoa ke Sec. 1079 ea HR 2500 e ne e tla ntlafatsa haholo ponaletso ea ts'ebetso ea sesole kantle ho naha mme e lumelle Congress le sechaba ho sebelisa bolebele bo nepahetseng ba sechaba ho feta Pentagon. Re u khothalletsa hore u kenyele Sek. 1079 ho FY2020 NDAA. Re boetse re u khothaletsa ho ntlafatsa puo ea ntlafatso ho fihlela mantsoe a serapeng sa 1, "o kenyellelitsoe lethathamong le fumanehang la sebaka." Ka lebaka la ho haella ha tlaleho ea motheo ea sebopeho, tlaleho e hlokahalang e lokela ho ngola litšenyehelo le melemo ea ts'ireletso ea naha Lisebelisoa tsa Amerika mose ho maoatle.
Rea leboha ka ho nka mehato ena ea bohlokoa ho eketsa pepeneneng, ho boloka lidolara tsa lekhetho le ho ntlafatsa ts'ireletso ea naha.
ka tieo,
Lebaka la Basebeletsi ba Libaka tsa Bochabela le Boipheliso ba Khotso
Christine Ahn, Women Cross DMZ
Andrew J. Bacevich, Setsi sa Quincy sa Boikarabello bo Ikarabellang
Medea Benjamin, Codirector, Codepink
Phyllis Bennis, Motsamaisi, Morero oa New Internationalism Project, Setsi sa Lithuto tsa Pholisi
Leah Bolger, CDR, US Navy (ret), Mopresidente World BEYOND War
Noam Chomsky, Moprofesa oa Linguistics ea hapileng moputso, Agnese Nelms Haury Molula-setulo, Univesithi ea Arizona / Moprofesa Emeritus Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Cynthia Enloe, Moprofesa oa Lipatlisiso, Univesithi ea Clark
Pholisi ea kantle ho naha, Inc.
Joseph Gerson, Mopresidente, Letšolo la Khotso, Tlokotsi le Ts'ireletseho e Tloaelehileng
David C. Hendrickson, Colombia College
Matthew Hoh, Senior Fellow, Center for International Policy
Coalition ea Guahan bakeng sa Khotso le Toka
Kyle Kajihiro, Khotso le Toka ea Hawaiʻi
Gwyn Kirk, Basali ba Tšireletso ea 'Nete
MG Dennis Laich, Sesole sa US, Refa
John Lindsay-Poland, Emisa US Arms ho Mexico Mohokahanyi oa Morero oa Mexico, Global Exchange; sengoli, Marena a Japane: Nalane e Patiloeng ea US naheng ea Panama
Catherine Lutz, Thomas J. Watson, Jr. Moprofesa oa Lelapa oa Anthropology le Lithuto tsa Machabeng, Setsi sa Watson sa Machaba le Litaba tsa Sechaba le Lefapha la Anthropology, Univesithi ea Brown
Khury Petersen-Smith, Setsi sa Lithuto tsa Pholisi
Del Spurlock, Moeletsi oa Kakaretso oa mehleng le Motlatsi oa Mongoli oa Sesole sa US bakeng sa Matla le Litaba
David Swanson, Motsamaisi ea Phethahatso, World BEYOND War
David Vine, Moprofesa, Lefapha la Anthropology, American University
Stephen Wertheim, Setsi sa Quincy sa Boikarabello ba Naha le Setsi sa Saltzman sa Ntoa le Lithuto tsa Khotso, Univesithi ea Columbia
Colonel Ann Wright, Sesole sa US se nkile mosebetsi hape e le moemeli oa mehleng oa US
Li-endnotes
[1] David Vine, "Lethathamo la Mabotho a Sesole a US kantle ho Naha," 2017, American University, http://dx.doi.org/10.17606/M6H599; David Vine, Base Nation: Joang US Basotho ba Masole Linaheng Lisele ba Hlakola Amerika le Lefatše (Metropolitan, 2015). Lintlha le lipalo tse ling mabapi le likheo tsa US mose ho maoatle li fumaneha ho www.overseasbases.net/ource-sheet.html.Lipotso, tlhaiso-leseling e batsi: OBRACC2018@gmail.com / www.overseasbases.net.
[2] E 'ngoe ea lithuto tse sa tloaelehang tsa K'honkrese ea metheo ea Amerika le boteng ba hae kantle ho naha e bonts'a hore "hang ha setsi sa Amerika sa mose ho maoatle se thehiloe, se nka bophelo ba sona…. Mesebetsi ea mantlha e ka felloa ke nako, empa mesebetsi e mecha e hlahisoa, eseng feela ka sepheo sa ho boloka moaho o tsoela pele, empa khafetsa ho o holisa. ” Senate ea United States, “Litumellano le Boitlamo ba Ts'ireletso United States Linaheng Tse Ling,” Ho mameloa Lekhotla la Senate mabapi le Litumellano tsa Ts'ireletso le Boitlamo ba Amerika Linaheng tse ling tsa Komiti ea Likamano tsa Kantle ho Naha, Congress ea mashome a robong a motso o mong oa pele, Vol. 2, 2417. Patlisiso ea morao tjena e netefalitse se fumanoeng. Mohl., John Glaser, "Ho ikhula mabopong a mose ho maoatle: Hobaneng ha boemo ba sesole bo isitsoeng pele bo sa hlokahale, bo siiloe ke nako ebile bo le kotsi," Analysis Policy 816, CATO Institute, Phupu 18, 2017; Chalmers Johnson, Moferefere oa 'Muso: Bolumeli, Secrecy le Bofelo ba Rephabliki (New York: Metropolitan, 2004); Morara, Base Nation.
[3] Nick Turse, "Sesole sa US se re se na le 'leoto le bobebe' Afrika. Litokomane Tsena li Bontša Boholo ba Marang-rang, ” Intercept, December 1, 2018,https://theintercept.com/2018/12/01/u-s-military-says-it-has-a-light-footprint-in-africa-these-documents-show-a-vast-network-of-bases/; Stephanie Savell le 5W infographics, "'Mapa ona o Bontša Moo Lefats'e la Sesole la United States le Loantšang Bokhukhuni," Makasine ea Smithsonian, January 2019, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/map-shows-places-world-where-us-military-operates-180970997/; Nick Turse, "Leano la Amerika la ho Loana Ntoeng Afrika Litokomane tsa Lekunutu tsa Sesole tsa US li Senola Sehlopha sa Lihlapi sa Sesole sa Amerika Ho Pharalla K'honthinenteng Eo," TomDispatch.com, April 27, 2017, http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/176272/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_the_u.s._military_moves_deeper_into_africa/.
[4] Afghanistan, Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, Yemen, Iraq, Libya, Uganda, South Sudan, Burkina Faso, Chad, Niger, Central African Republic, Syria, Kenya, Cameroon, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Democratic Republic. ea Congo, Saudi Arabia le Tunisia. Sheba Savell le 5W Infographics; Nick Turse le Sean D. Naylor, "Ho Senotsoe: Ts'ebetso e 36 e Behiloeng ka Khoutu ea Sesole sa US Afrika," Litaba tsa Yahoo, April 17, 2019, https://news.yahoo.com/revealed-the-us-militarys-36-codenamed-operations-in-africa-090000841.html.
[5] Nick Turse, "Bases, Bases, Hohle… Ntle le Tlaleho ea Pentagon," TomDispatch.com, January 8, 2019, http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/176513/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_one_down%2C_who_knows_how_many_to_go/#more; Morara, Base Nation 3-5; Vine, "Lethathamo la Mabaka a Sesole a United States Oo."
[6] David Vine, Univesithi ea Amerika, tekanyetso ea litheko tsa mantlha bakeng sa OBRACC, vine@american.edu, e ntlafatsa lipalo ho Vine, Base Nation 195-214.
