Ka Joseph Gerson, Litoro tse tloaelehileng
Lithahasello tsa rona le ho pholoha ha rona li ipapisitse le dipuisano tsa Common Security ho fapana le ho hloleha khafetsa le ho bolaeang ha sesole.
Ha a qala ho arabela phatlalatsa ho khethollo ea Brexit e sisinyehileng Europe le boholo ba lefats'e, Mopresidente Obama o ile a leka ho tiisetsa Maamerika le ba bang. O ile a re phehella hore re se ke ra inehela moeeng 'me re hatelletse hore NATO ha ea ka ea nyamela le Brexit. Tšebelisano ea Trans-Atlantic, o ile a hopotsa lefatše, a mamella.1 Ho sa tsotellehe hore na European Union e fokotseha butle hakae tlas'a khatello e tsoang ho Euro skeptics, batla li-US le lilekane tsa Europe ho eketsa boitlamo ba tsona ho selekane sa NATO selemong sa mashome a tšeletseng a metso e supileng. Boits'oaro bo ileng ba etsoa ka mor'a hore Russia e hapiloe ke Crimea le ho kenella ka bochabela Ukraine le tšabo ea ho oela lintoeng tse tsoelang pele le likoluoa tse bohareng ba Middle East e tla ba lintlha tsa ho rekisa tsa NATO.
Empa ha re ntse re talimane le bokamoso, ebang / kapa ho nahana le NATO ho hlokahala hore re siiloe morao. Joalokaha moeletsi oa Mopresidente oa Ts'ireletso ea Sechaba, Zbigniew Brzezinski, o ile a ruta, ho tloha ha NATO e thehoa, e bile morero oa borena.2 Ho e-na le ho theha Ntoa ea Cold e ncha, e feletseng le e kotsi haholo, lithahasello tsa rona le pholoho ea rona li itšetlehile ka lipuisano tse tloaelehileng tsa tšireletso3 ho e-na le ho hlōleha ho pheta-pheta le ho bolaea ha sesole.
Sena ha se bolele hore re se ke ra hlokomoloha tlhaselo ea Putin ka puo e sa lefelloeng le demokrasi, kapa sehlahloking sa nyutlelie sa Moscow le lik'homphieutha.4 Empa ho bolela hore re lokela ho hopola hore lipuisano tsa Ts'ireletso e Tloaelehileng li felisitse Cold War, leha e le hore Putin e ne e le mohatelli ebile a le sehloho, o ile a ts'oara tlokotsi e mpe ea mehleng ea Yeltsin, mme a bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho feliseng libetsa tsa Syria tsa lik'hemik'hale le Tumellano ea nyutlelie ea P-5 + 1 le Iran. Hape re hloka ho amohela hore ka batho ba limilione tse peli lichankaneng tsa Amerika, ho kenyeletsoa Guantanamo, ho amohela mmuso o ikemetseng oa Poland le borena ba Saudi, le sesole sa "Pivot ho ea Asia" US e etella pele lefatše le se nang tokoloho.
Ho nahana ka Zero-sum ha ho thahasello ea mang kapa mang. Ho na le mekhoa e meng ea ts'ireletso ea ts'ireletso ho mekhoa ea kajeno ea sesole e eketsehang le e kotsi.
Re hanyetsa NATO ka lebaka la tsusumetso ea eona ea neo-kolonele ea boholo ba Europe, boikarabelo ba eona lintoeng tsa borena le tsusumetso, tšoso ea hau ea nyutlelie e bakang ho pholoha ha batho, le hobane e fokotsa chelete ho tsoa litšebeletsong tsa bohlokoa tsa sechaba, ho fokotsa bophelo ba US le tse ling lichaba.
William Faulkner o ngotse hore "tse fetileng ha lia shoa, hore ha li fetile," ke 'nete e tsosolosoang le khetho ea Brexit. Tsela ea rona ea hona joale le ea bokamoso e tlameha ho tsebisoa ka tlokotsi ea histori. Lichaba tsa Europe Bohareng le Bochabela li kenyelletsa Poland li hlōtsoe, li busoa le ho hatelloa ke Lithuania, Sweden, Majeremane, Matatars, Maottoman le Marussia-hammoho le bahlaseli ba hōlileng malapeng. 'Me Poland e kile ea e-ba matla a borena Ukraine.
Ho fanoe ka histori ena le lintho tse ling, ke ho hlanya ho beha kotsing ea nyutlelie kotsing ho tiisa meeli ka nako efe kapa efe. 'Me ha re ntse re ithutile ho tsoa qeto ea Common Security ea Cold War, ho pholoha ha rōna ho itšetlehile ka phephetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso ea ts'ireletso. Ho qobella likhohlano tse tlisoang ke lilekane tsa bosole, merabe ea lihlomo, mekhatlo ea liindasteri le mekhatlo ea bochaba e ts'oanang le bochaba e ka hlōloa ka boitlamo ba ho hlomphana.
1913?
Ena ke mehla e nang le ho tšoana le lilemo tse tlang pele ho Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše. Lefatše le tšoauoa ka matla a ntseng a phahama le a fokotsehang a labalabelang ho boloka kapa ho holisa tokelo le matla a bona. Re na le mabelo a libetsa ka mahlale a macha; bochaba bo tsosolositsoeng, likhang tsa libaka, tlholisano ea mehloli, litumellano tse rarahaneng tsa selekane, kopanyo ea moruo le tlholisano, le libapali tsa likarete tse hlaha ho kenyeletsoa Mongoli oa Ts'ireletso oa US ea itokisetsang seboka sa NATO ka ho etsisa lifilimi tsa gangster ka ho re "O leka eng kapa eng, o tla ke masoabi ”,5 hammoho le mabotho a lipheo tse nepahetseng ho pholletsa le US le Europe, le ba chesehelang batho ba chesehelang bolumeli.
Litlhōlisano tsa NATO le mekhoa ea sesole ea sesole ea Russia li loantšana le likhohlano tsa sesole ho fihlela mohlalili oa mehleng oa pele oa Tšireletso Perry a lemosa hore ntoa ea nyutlelie e se e le teng nakong ea ntoa ea mariha.6 Carl Conetta o ne a nepahetse ha a ne a ngola "NATO e hlaselang" ntoa "Russia ka Ukraine" ke mohlala o phethahetseng oa ketso ea ho itlhahisa-ea ho iphetola ha lintho. "O re Moscow ha e na" takatso ea ho ipolaea ... ha e na morero oa ho hlasela NATO. "7 Khoeling e fetileng Anaconda-2016, e kenyelletsang mabotho a 31,000 a NATO - 14,000 ea bona mona Poland - le mabotho a tsoang linaheng tse 24 e ne e le papali ea ntoa e kholo ka ho fetisisa Europe Bochabela ho tloha nakong ea Cold War.8 Ak'u inahanele karabo ea Washington haeba Russia kapa Chaena li khanna lipapali tsa ntoa tse tšoanang moeling oa Mexico.
Fuoa katoloso ea NATO ho meeli ea eona; ntlo-kholo ea eona e ncha ea maqheka Poland le Romania; keketseho ea ts'ebetso ea sesole le boikoetliso ba sesole bo phephetsang ho pholletsa le Europe Bochabela, linaha tsa Baltic, Scandinavia le Leoatle le Letšo, hammoho le ha US e eketsa tšebeliso ea eona ea sesole ho la Europe, ha rea lokela ho makala hore Russia e leka ho "lekanyetsa" NATO ho eketsa. Hape, ka ts'ireletso ea Washington ea seteraeke ea pele e amanang le seteraeke ho la Romania le Poland le bophahamo ba eona ho libetsa tse tloaelehileng, tsa theknoloji e phahameng le tsa sepakapakeng, re lokela ho tšoha empa re se makatsoe ke ho ts'epahalla hoa Moscow libetsa tsa nyutlelie.
Ha re hopola litlamorao tsa likulo tse thunngoeng ke sethunya sa mmolai Sarajevo lilemong tse lekholo tse fetileng, re na le lebaka la ho tšoenyeha ka se ka etsahalang haeba lesole le tšosang kapa le mabifi la US, Russia kapa Poland, le ka sutumelletsa meeli ea lona, ka bohale kapa ka kotsi, e thunya seqhomane se khahlanong le lifofane se theolang US, NATO kapa sefofane se seng sa ntoa sa Russia. Joalokaha Khomishene ea Cuts e tebileng ea Europe le Russia le US e phethela "Moeeng oa ho se tšepane ho matla, ho eketseha ha matla a mesebetsi e ka bang lehloeo ea sesole haufi haholo - mme haholoholo mabotho a moea le mesebetsi ea metsing libakeng tsa Baltic le Leoatle le Letšo - a ka fella ka liketsahalong tse ling tse kotsi tsa sesole tse…. li ka lebisa ho etseng liphoso le / kapa likotsing 'me tsa ohla ka litsela tse sa lebelloang. ”9 Batho ke batho. Likotsi li etsahala. Lisebelisoa li hahiloe ho arabela - ka nako e '
Selekane sa Machaba
NATO ke selekane sa borena. Ntle le sepheo se matla sa ho ba le USSR, NATO e entse hore ho khonehe ho kopanya mebuso ea Europe, moruo, sesole, mahlale le mekhatlo ho litsamaiso tse laoloang ke US. NATO e netefalitse hore United States e fihlella metheong ea sesole bakeng sa mehato ho pholletsa le Greater Middle East le Afrika. Mme, joalo ka ha Michael T. Glennon a ngotse, ka ntoa ea 1999 khahlano le Serbia, US le NATO “ka lipuisano tse nyane le boithatelo bo fokolang… ba lahlile melao ea khale ea UN Charter e thibelang ho kenella ha machaba likhohlanong tsa lehae… molemong oa e sa hlakang e ncha tsamaiso e mamellang ho kenella ha sesole empa e na le melao e thata le e potlakileng. ” Kahoo hoa utloahala hore Putin o ile a amohela lepetjo le reng "Melao e mecha kapa melaoana e mecha, ka boitlamo ba hae ho ba pele.10
Ho tloha ntoeng ea Serbia, e khahlanong le Charter ea Machaba a Kopaneng, US le NATO li ile tsa hlasela Afghanistan le Iraq, tsa senya Libya, 'me linaha tse robeli tsa NATO li se li loana Syria. Empa re na le bothata ba moemeli oa NATO General Stoltenberg a re ho ke ke ha e-ba le khoebo e tloaelehileng ho fihlela Russia e hlompha molao oa machaba.11
Hopola hore mongoli kakaretso oa pele oa NATO, Lord Ismay o hlalositse hore selekane se etselitsoe "ho boloka Majeremane a le tlase, Marussia a kantle le MaAmerika a", e seng tsela ea ho aha lehae le tloaelehileng la Europe. E thehiloe pele ho Tumellano ea Warsaw, ha Russia e ne e ntse e tsitsipana ke tšenyo ea Manazi. Le ha e ne e le leeme, tumellano ea Yalta e neng e arotse Europe ka libaka tsa US le Soviet, e ile ea bonoa ke baetsi ba melaoana ea US e le tefo e lokelang ho lefuoa bakeng sa Moscow ha e ntse e khannela mabotho a Hitler ka bochabela le bohareng ba Europe. Ka nalane ea Napoleon, Kaiser le Hitler, setsi sa Amerika se ile sa utloisisa hore Stalin o na le lebaka la ho tšaba tlhaselo e tlang ea Bophirima. Ka hona, US e ne e ikemiselitse ho etsa kolone ea khatello ea Moscow ea linaha tsa Europe Bochabela le Baltic.
Ka linako tse ling "maemo a ts'ireletso a naha" a Amerika a bua 'nete. Zbigniew Brzezinski, eo pele e neng e le Moeletsi oa Tšireletso ea Naha Carter, o phatlalalitse buka ea pele e hlalosang kamoo a neng a re ke "projeke ea borena" ea Amerika12 ea sebetsa. O hlalositse hore, ho latela maemo a phahameng, ho busa khubung ea naha ea Eurasia ho bohlokoa ho ba matla a busang lefatšeng. Ho hlahisa matla a qobello lipakeng tsa Eurasia, joalo ka "matla a sehlekehleke" a seng a le Eurasia, US e hloka ho ts'oaroa libakeng tse ka bophirima, boroa le bochabela tsa Eurasia. Seo Brzezinski a se bitsitseng "linaha tse tlasa naha" e leng lilekane tsa NATO, li etsa hore ho khonehe ho "matlafatsa tšusumetso ea lipolotiki tsa Amerika le matla a sesole naheng ea Eurasia." Kamora likhetho tsa Brexit, baetapele ba Amerika le ba Europe ba tla itšetleha le ho feta ho NATO boitekong ba bona ba ho ts'oara Europe le ho matlafatsa tšusumetso ea US.
Ho na le ho fetang feela ho kopanya sebaka sa Europe, lisebelisoa le mahlale a morao-rao tsamaisong e busoang ke US. Joalokaha e ne e le Mongoli oa mehleng oa Ntoa Rumsfeld, moetlong oa karohano le ho hlola, ka ho bapala New (Bochabela le Bohareng) Europe khahlanong le Old Europe ka Bophirima, Washington e hapile tšehetso ea Sefora, Sejeremane le Madache bakeng sa ntoa ea ho tlosa Saddam Hussein.
Hape ke eng seo New York Times e se hlalosang e le "lepheo le nepahetseng, tlhaselo ea bochaba ka litaba tsa litaba le boahloli" le "ho tloha mekhoeng ea motheo ea demokrasi ea puso ea libaka" ka 'muso oa Kacynski, US ha ea tsilatsila ho etsa Poland sebaka se ka bochabela sa NATO.13 Phatlalatso ea Washington mabapi le boitlamo ba eona ho demokrasi e lumellana le histori ea eona e telele ea ho tšehetsa lihatelli le mebuso ea khatello Europe, li-monarchy joaloka Saudis, hammoho le lintoa tsa eona tsa ho hapa Philippines le Vietnam ho ea Iraq le Libya.
Ho ts'oaroa ha Europe ho Europe ho boetse ho matlafalitse ts'ebetso ea eona ea mahlahahlaha a maruo a Afrika Boroa. Lintoa tsa NATO Afghanistan le Middle East li latela mokhoa oa bokoloni ba Europe. Pele bothata ba Ukraine bo qala, tataiso ea Pentagon ea maano14 e ile ea etsa mosebetsi oa NATO ka ho netefatsa hore taolo ea litšebeletso tsa morao-rao le ea khoebo e ntse e matlafatsoa ha e ntse e eketsa ho potoloha Chaena hammoho le Russia.15 Ka hona NATO e ile ea amohela thuto ea eona ea "ntle le libaka", ea etsa hore seo Mongoli Kerry a se bitsitseng "maeto a ho etela" Afrika, Middle East, le ka nqane ho sepheo sa mantlha sa selekane.16
Ntho e hlokahalang hore "ho tsoa sebakeng seo" e be ntoa ea US drone e akarelletsang Obama ho bolaea lethathamo le litlhaselo tsa drone tsa US le tsa NATO tse ling tse ngata, tse ngata tsa tsona li ipolelang hore li phela bophelo ba sechaba. Hona, le eona, e feletse ho e-na le ho felisa ho hanyetsa ho feteletseng le bokhukhuni. Linaha tse leshome le metso e mehlano tsa NATO li kenya letsoho tsamaisong ea drone ea Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) e sebetsanang le setsi sa NATO Italy, 'me li-drones tsa killer Global Hawk tsa NATO li ile tsa sebetsa ho Ramstein Air Base Jeremane.17
Katoloso ea Ukraine le NATO
Palo e ntseng e eketseha ea bahlahlobi ba ts'ebetso ba US, ho kenyeletsa le pele e ne e le Molaoli oa Moeta-pele oa US Strategic Command General Lee Butler ba boletse hore "Ntoa ea Cold" ea United States e tla hlōla, "ho tšoara Russia e le" serf e lahliloeng, "le ho atolosoa ha NATO ho batho ba Russia ho sa tsotellehe Bush Motsoako oa I-Gorbachev o ile oa thibela likhohlano tsa sesole kajeno khahlanong le Russia.18 Russia ha ea ka ea fokotsa mathata a Ukraine. Ho eketseha ha NATO ho meeli ea Russia, ho khethoa ha Ukraine e le naha ea "Ntsing" ea NATO, 'me ntoa ea Kosovo le Iraq e etselitsoe pele.
Sena ha se bolele hore Putin ha a na molato ha a tsosolosa boemo ba hae ba bobolu ba Neo-Tsarist le matšolo a ho tsosolosa tsusumetso ea lipolotiki tsa Russia "haufi le linaheng tse ling" le Europe ka boeena, 'me ha a otla moruo oa Russia le sesole ho Chaena. Empa, lehlakoreng la rona, re na le Mongoli Kerry oa Orwellian doublespeak. O ile a nyatsa "ketso e tsotehang ea mabifi" ea Moscow Ukraine, a re "ha u sebetse ka lekhetlo la lilemo la 21X ka mokhoa oa 19th la lilemo ka ho hlasela naha e 'ngoe ka lebaka la boikaketsi ka ho feletseng."19 Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria le Libya li ile tsa nyamela mohopolo oa hae!
Ke matla a maholo a 'nileng a kenella Ukraine,' me ho bile joalo ka phetohelo ea Maidan. Ha ba etella pele phetohelo, Washington le EU li ile tsa tšela libilione tsa lidolara ho nts'etsapele le ho matlafatsa balekane ba Ukraine ho tlosa repaboliki ea mehleng ea Soviet ho tloha Moscow le ho leba Bophirima. Ba bangata ba lebala qeto ea EU ho mmuso o bolileng oa Yanukovych: Ukraine e ka nka mehato e latelang ho ba setho sa EU ka ho chesa marokho a eona ho ea Moscow, eo Ukraine e ka bochabela e neng e tlameletsoe moruong ka mashome a lilemo. Ha tsitsipano e hahuoa Kiev, Motsamaisi oa CIA Brennan, Motlatsi oa Mongoli oa Naha Victoria Nuland - ea tummeng ka "ho qhekella EU" ea hae ho se hlomphe basebeletsi ba Washington - mme Senator McCain o ile Maidan ho ea khothatsa phetohelo. Mme hang ha ho thunngoa ho qala, US le EU li ile tsa hloleha ho ts'oara lilekane tsa bona tsa Ukraine tumellanong ea ho arolelana matla ka Geneva.
'Nete ke hore mekhoa ea lipolotiki ea Bophirimela le ho kenngoa ha Russia ka Crimea ho tlōtse Molao oa Budapest oa 1994, o ileng oa etsa matla a ho "hlompha boipuso, bobusi le meeli e teng ea Ukraine,"20 le ho "qoba tšokelo ea tšebeliso ea matla khahlanong le seriti sa naha kapa boipuso ba lipolotiki ba Ukraine." Ke eng seo Hitler a se buileng mabapi le lilekane e le likhechana tsa pampiri?
Phetohelo ea 'muso le ntoa ea lehae e re tliselitse eng? Sehlopha se seng sa li-oligarch tse bolileng se nkela se seng sebaka.21 Lefu le mahlomola. Mabotho a Fascist a kileng a kopana le Hitler hona joale ke karolo ea baahi ba phahameng ba Ukraine, 'me li-hardliners tsa Washington, Moscow le Europe li ile tsa matlafatsa.
Ho tloha ha nako e ntse e ea, sebaka se seng sa sebele se ne se bōpiloe ke Ukraine e sa jeleng paate, se kopantsoe moruo ho EU le Russia.
NATO: Nuclear Alliance
Ho phaella bothateng ba Ukraine, joale re na le letšolo la Washington le la NATO la ho hlasela khatello ea Assad le sesole sa Russia Syria ho matlafatsa sesole sa eona sa masole le lipolotiking tsa Middle East. Russia ha e na ho tlohela Assad, mme ho ts'ehetsa sebaka sa "sa fofa" seo Hillary Clinton a se buellang se tla hloka timetso ea mokhosi o khahlanong le lifofane tsa Russia, ho beha koluoa ea sesole kotsing.
Ukraine le Syria li re hopotsa hore NATO ke selekane sa nyutlelie, le hore likotsi tsa phapanyetsano e kotsi ea nyutlelie ha lia ka tsa nyamela qetellong ea Cold War. Re boetse re utloa bohlanya boo "NATO e ke keng ea khona ho tlohela lintho ka lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng" le hore "ts'ireletso e ts'oanelang e tla kenyeletsa libetsa tsa nyutlelie ..."22
Kotsi ea nyutlelie e tebile hakae? Putin o re bolella hore o nahane ka ho sebelisoa ha libetsa tsa nyutlelie ho matlafatsa Russia ho laola Crimea. Hape, Daniel Ellsberg o tlaleha hore mabotho a nyutlelie a US le Russia a ne a le malala-a-laotsoe likarolong tse qalang tsa mathata a Ukraine.23
Metsoalle, re bolelloa hore libetsa tsa nyutlelie tsa US li sebelisoa feela ho thibela litlhaselo tsa nyutlelie. Empa, joalokaha Bush ea Little Lesser e bitsoang Pentagon e tsebisa lefats'e, morero oa tsona o ka sehloohong ke ho thibela lichaba tse ling hore li se ke tsa nka liketso tse sa amaneng le lithahasello tsa US.24 Kaha li ile tsa sebelisoa ka lekhetlo la pele, lihlomo tsena li 'nile tsa sebelisoa ho feta mokhoa oa khale oa ho thibela.
Mongoli oa mehleng oa Ntoa Harold Brown o pakile hore ba sebeletsa morero o mong. O ile a paka ka libetsa tsa nyutlelie hore mabotho a tloaelehileng a Amerika a ile a fetoha "lisebelisoa tse nang le moelelo tsa matla a sesole le a lipolotiki." Noam Chomsky o hlalosa hore sena se bolela "re atlehile ho tšosa ka mokhoa o lekaneng mang kapa mang ea ka thusang ho sireletsa batho bao re ikemiselitseng ho ba hlasela."25
Ho qala ka bothata ba Iran ea 1946 - pele Soviet Union e le matla a nyutlelie - ka Bush-Obama "lintho tsohle tse ka holimo tafoleng" tse sokelang khahlanong le Iran, lihlomo tsa nyutlelie Europe li sebelelitse e le bahlokomeli ba phahameng ba US Middle East hegemony. Libetsa tsa nyutlelie tsa Europe tsa Europe li ile tsa behoa tlhokomelong nakong ea moferefere oa nyutlelie oa "madman" oa Nixon ho tšosa Vietnam, Russia le Chaena, 'me ho ka etsahala hore ebe li ile tsa lebisoa tlhokomelo lintoeng tse ling tsa Asia le mathata.26
Libetsa tsa nyutlelie tsa NATO li sebeletsa morero o mong hape: ho thibela "ho putlama" ho tsoa United States. Nakong ea Seboka sa Lisbon sa 2010, molemong oa ho fokotsa likhetho tsa linaha tseo e leng litho tsa NATO, "boikarabello bo arolelanoeng ka bophara bakeng sa ho tsamaisa le ts'ehetso ea ts'ebetso" bakeng sa litokisetso tsa ntoa ea nyutlelie bo ile ba tiisoa hape. Ho feta moo, ho phatlalalitsoe hore "Phetoho efe kapa efe leanong lena, ho kenyeletsoa kabo ea libaka tsa tsamaiso ea nyutlelie ea NATO Europe, e lokela ho etsoa… ke Selekane ka kakaretso… Ho nka karolo ho pharalletseng ha Linaha tseo e seng tsa nyutlelie ke sesupo sa bohlokoa sa bonngoe ba transatlantic le ho kopanela likotsing. ”27 Hona joale, motšehare oa seboka sa NATO le ho kenngoa ha lintoa tsa nyutlelie tse ncha tsa B-61-12 Europe, Jenerali Breedlove, ho fihlela ha Molaoli ea Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa oa NATO, a tsitlella hore US e tlameha ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea eona ea nyutlelie le balekane ba eona ba NATO ho bontša "boikemisetso ba bona le bokhoni ba bona."28
Tsela e Tloaelehileng ea Tšireletso ho NATO
Metsoalle, histori e sisinyehile mme meano ea mmuso e fetoloa ke matla a tloaelehileng a tsoang ka tlase. Ke kamoo re ileng ra ba le litokelo tse kholo tsa sechaba US, e leng Congress e etselitsoeng pele ho felisa lichelete bakeng sa ntoa ea Vietnam, 'me hammoho re qobella Reagan hore e qale lipuisano tsa ho loantša tšohanyetso le Gorbachev. Ke kamoo Wall ea Berlin e ileng ea robeha kateng 'me bokoloni ba Soviet Union bo ne bo nkoa e le lerōle la histori.
Phephetso eo re thulanang le eona ke ho arabela bohlahlobisong ba NATO le likotsing tse ntseng li eketseha tsa ntoa e matla ea matla le mehopolo le boikutlo bo potlakileng bo hlokang mehleng ea rona. Leha ho le joalo Poland le Russia ha li na Washington le Moscow li tla phela tumellanong le nako leha e le efe kapele, empa Tšireletso e Tloaelehileng e fana ka tsela ea bokamoso bo joalo.
Ts'ireletso e Tloaelehileng e amohela 'nete ea khale ea hore motho kapa sechaba se ke ke sa sireletseha haeba liketso tsa bona li lebisa moahisani oa bona kapa mohanyetsi hore a be le tšabo le ts'ireletso. Nakong ea Ntoa ea Mantsoe, ha libetsa tsa nyutlelie tse 30,000 li sokela apocalypse, Tonakholo ea Sweden Palme o ile a bokella lipalo tse etelletseng pele tsa US, Europe le Soviet ho lekola mekhoa ea ho khutlela morao ho tloha pheletsong.29 Tlhokomelo e tloaelehileng ke karabo ea bona. E ile ea lebisa puisanong ea Tumellano ea likhukhuni tsa Nuclear, e ileng ea felisa Ntoa ea Cold ka 1987.
Ha e le hantle, lehlakore le leng le le leng le bolela seo e mong a se etsang se etsang hore e be tšabo le ho se sireletsehe. Mokete oa bobeli o etsa se tšoanang. Joale, ka lipuisano tse thata liithuti li lemoha liketso ka mahlakoreng a mang li ka nka mehato ea ho fokotsa tšabo ea e mong ntle le ho senya tšireletseho ea naha ea bona. Joalokaha Reiner Braun a hlalosa, ho hloka hore "lithahasello tsa ba bang li nkoa e le tse amohelehang 'me li lokela ho nahanoa ka mokhoa oa ho etsa liqeto ... ts'ireletso e tloaelehileng e bolela puisano, lipuisano le ts'ebelisano; e bolela ho rarolla likhohlano ka khotso. Tshireletso e ka finyelloa feela ka boiteko bo kopantsoeng kapa che. "30
Taelo ea Ts'ireletso e Tloaelehileng e ka shebahala joang? Lipuisano tsa ho theha Ukraine e sa jeleng paate le boikemelo ba libaka bakeng sa liprofinse tsa eona le maqhama a moruo ho Russia le Bophirima li tla felisa ntoa eo mme e thehe motheo o sireletsehileng haholoanyane oa likamano tse ntlafetseng lipakeng tsa Europe le Russia le lipakeng tsa mebuso e meholo. Khomishene ea Cheka e Tebileng e khothaletsa hore ho ntlafatsa karolo ea OSCE ke "sethala se le seng sa linaha tse ngata moo puisano mabapi le litaba tse amehang tsa ts'ireletso e ka qalisoang ntle le tieho."31 Ka nako e lokela ho nka sebaka sa NATO. Litlhahiso tse ling tsa Khomishene ea Cuts e tebileng li kenyelletsa:
- Ho etelletsa pele lipuisano tsa US-Russia ho thibela le ho lebisa tlhokomelo e matlahali ea ho haha lichelete le sesole libakeng tsa Baltic.
- "[P] ho sireletsa liketsahalo tsa sesole tse kotsi ka ho theha melao e khethehileng ea boitšoaro ... le ho hlasimolla lipuisano mabapi le mehato ea ho fokotsa likotsi tsa nyutlelie."
- US le Russia ba ikemiselitse ho rarolla liphapang tsa bona tsa ho latela tumellano ea INF le ho felisa likotsi tse ntseng li eketseha tsa nts'etsopele ea missile ea libetsa tsa nyutlelie le libetsa.
- Ho bua ka kotsi e ntseng e eketseha ea libetsa tsa thepa ea hyper-sonic.
'Me, ha Komisi e ntse e bitsa thibelo libetsa tsa nyutlelie tsa mehleng ea kajeno, ho hlakile hore sepheo sa rona e lokela ho ba qetello ho nts'etsopele le ho kenngoa ha libetsa tsena tsa omnicidal.
Ka chelete e fokotsehileng ea lichelete, Sechaba sa Tlhokomelo se boetse se bolela ts'ireletso e kholo ea moruo, e nang le chelete e eketsehileng bakeng sa litšebeletso tsa sechaba tsa bohlokoa, ho kenyeletsa le ho fokotsa ts'enyeho ea phetoho ea boemo ba leholimo, le matsete a mekhoa ea lithuto tsa lekholo la 21.
Lefatše le leng le ka khonahala. Che ho NATO. Che ho Ntoa! Leeto la rona la lik'hilomithara tse sekete le qala ka mehato ea rona e le 'ngoe.
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1. http://www.npr.org/2016/06/28/483768326/obama-cautions-against-hysteria-over-brexit-vote
2. Zbigniew Brzezinski. Grand Chessboard, Basic Books, New York: 1997.
3. Khomishene e ikemetseng ea litaba tsa ts'ireletso ea libetsa le polokeho. Ts'ireletso e Tloaelehileng: Morero oa ho pholoha. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1982. Khomishene, e qalileng ke Tonakholo Palme ea Sweden, e ile ea kopanya batho ba hlahelletseng ba tsoang Soviet Union, Europe le United States sehlohlolong sa Cold War. Mokhoa o mong oa bona oa Ts'ireletso o Tloaelehileng o fane ka paradigm e lebisitseng ho lipuisano tsa Tumellano ea Makhotla a Nyutlelie e Akaretsang e ileng ea felisa Cold War ka 1987, pele ho putlama ha Lerako la Berlin le tumello ea Soviet Union.
4. David Sanger. "Tlhaselo ea Russia ea Hackers, NATO e na le Leano le Tšoileng la Cyberwar", New York Times, June 17, 2016
6. William J. Perry. Leeto la ka Nuclear Brink, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2015.
7. Carnet Connetta. Blog, "RAMPING IT UP"
8. Alex Dubal Smith. "Linaha Tsa Nato li qala papali e khōlōhali ea ntoa Europe bochabela ho tloha ntoeng ea mariha." Guardian, June 7, 2016
9. "Ho tloha Brink: Ho thibela thibelo le puisano pakeng tsa Russia le Bophirima", Brookings Institution: Washington, DC, June, 2016, http://www.brookings.edu/research/reports/2016/06/russia-west-nato-restraint-dialogue
10. Michael J. Glennon. "Ho Batla Molao oa Machaba oa Lefatše" Litaba tsa Machaba, May / June, 1999,https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/1999-05-01/new-interventionism-search-just-international-law ;https://marknesop.wordpress.com/2014/12/07/new-rules-or-no-rules-putin-defies-the-newworld-order/
11. Carter ho NATO khahlanong le Russia: 'U Leka Eng kapa Eng, U Tšoarela', PJ Media, Phuptjane 1, 2016,https://pjmedia.com/news-and-politics/2016/06/01/carter-on-nato-vs-russia-you-try-anything-youre-going-to-be-sorry/
12. Zbigniew Brzezinski. Op Cit.
13. "Poland e kheloha puso ea demokrasi" Mohlophisi oa batsamaisi, New York Times, January 13, 2016 /
14. John Pilger. Ntoa ea Lefatše ke Beckoning ", Counterunch, http://www.counterpunch.org/2014/05/14/a-world-war-is-beckoning
15. Ho ts'ehetsa US Global Leadership: Lintho tsa bohlokoa tsa 21st Century Defense, January, 2012.http://www.defense.gov/news/Defense_Strategic_Guidance.pdf
16. John Kerry. "Litlhaloso ho lekhotla la Atlantic la 'Ho ea Europe Kopanong eohle le e sa lefelloeng', April 29, 2014,http://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2014/04/225380.htm
17. Nigel Chamberlain, "NATO Drones: 'ba fetolang papali' NATO Watch, Sept. 26, 2013.
18. https://www.publicintegrity.org/2016/05/27/19731/former-senior-us-general-again-calls-abolishing-nuclear-forces-he-once-commanded'Neil MacFarquhar. "Ho Khutlisoa, ho Hlompheha, Leha ho le joalo ho Thatafalletsa Russia ho Fetoha", International New York linako, June 2. 18 http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/policy-budget/policy/2016/04/11/business-usual-russia-unlikely-nato-leader-says/82902184/
19. John Kerry. Kerry oa Russia: "Ha u" hlasele naha e ngoe "ka boikaketsi ka ho felletseng", Salon.com,http://www.salon.com/2014/03/02/kerry_on_russia_you_just_dont_invade_another_country_on_a_completely_trumped_up_pretext/
20. Jeffrey. "Ukraine le Memorandum ea 1994 Budapest", http://armscontrolwonk.com, 29 April, 2014.
21. Andrew E. Karmer. "Ba khethiloeng e le Bo-raliphetoho, Baeta-pele ba Ukraine ba Loana le Lefa la Bobolu." New York Times, June 7, 2016
22. Bern Riegert. Op Cit.
23. Daniel Ellsberg, bua Cambridge, Massachusetts, May 13, 2014. Ellsberg e ne e le mohlophisi oa ntoa ea nyutlelie ea US United States ea liphatlalatso tsa Kennedy, Johnson le Nixon pele a etsa histori ea sephiri ea Pentagon ea Vietnam Qeto ea ho etsa phatlalatsa
24. Lefapha la Tšireletso. Thuto ea mesebetsi e kopanetsoeng ea nyutlelie, Joint Publication 3-12, 15 March, 2015
25. Joseph Gerson, Op Cit. leq. 31
26. Ibid. maq. 37-38
27. "NATO 2020: tšireletso e tiisitsoeng; kopano e matla ", May 17, 2010, http://www.nato.int/strategic-concept/strategic-concept-report.html
28. Philip M. Breedlove. "Molao o latelang oa NATO: ho sebetsana joang le Russia le lits'oetso tse ling", Litaba tsa Kantle ho naha, July / August, 2016
30. Reiner Braun. Kopano ea Machabeng, Seboka sa Lefatše sa 2014 khahlano le libomo tsa Atomic le Hydrogen, Hiroshima, la 2 Phato 2014.
31. "Khutlela ho" Brink "op. cit.
