Ka lilemo tse 15 Afghanistan: Lipotso tse tšoanang, Likarabo tse Tšoanang-Hona joale Hona joale Lilemo Tse 'Nè Tsa Tse Tšoanang

Ka Ann Wright.

Ka Tshitwe 2001, dilemo tse fetang tse leshome le metso e mehlano tse fetileng, ke ne ke le sehlopheng se senyane sa batho ba bahlano se ileng sa bula bocha ba Embass ea Amerika e Kabul, Afghanistan. Hona joale lilemo tse leshome le metso e mehlano hamorao, lipotso tse tšoanang tseo re li botsitseng lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng li ntse li botsoa ka ho nka karolo ha Amerika Afghanistan mme re fumana likarabo tse ngata tse tšoanang.  

Lipotso ke hore: hobaneng re bile Afghanistan ka lilemo tse leshome le metso e mehlano mme liranta tse limilione tse likete tse US li kentsoe Afghanistan?  

'Me likarabo ke selemo se le seng selemo le selemo - US e Afghanistan ho hlola Ma-taliban le al Qaeda, (mme joale ke lihlopha tse ling tse fetelletseng) ka hona ba ke ke ba hlasela United States. Ka lilemo tse leshome le metso e mehlano, sesole se tsoetseng pele ka ho fetesisa le se nang le chelete e ngata lefatšeng se lekile ho hlola mabotho a Taliban le Al Qaeda, ho ka etsahala hore ebe ke mabotho a sesole a sa lefelloeng le a sa hlomelloang hakaalo lefatšeng, mme ha a so atlehe. 

Chelete e se e ile kae? Ho na le lintho tse ngata tse eang Dubai bakeng sa lifolete le li-condos tsa baetapele ba Afghanistan le borakonteraka (US, Afghan le ba bang) ba entseng limilione ho nka karolo ea Amerika ho la Afghanistan.

Kopanong ea 9 ea Pherekhong, 2017, komiti ea Senate Armed Services mabapi le Afghanistan, John Nicholson, molaoli ea ka sehloohong oa Mabotho a Amerika Afghanistan, o ile a araba lipotso ka lihora tse peli ho Senate ho utloa ka ho nka karolo ha US Afghanistan. O boetse a fana ka polelo e ngotsoeng ea maqephe a mashome a mabeli ka boemo ba hajoale Afghanistan. http://www.armed-services. senate.gov/imo/media/doc/ Nicholson_02-09-17.pdf

Ha a araba potso e le 'ngoe ea Senator, "Na Russia e itšunya-tšunya Afghanistan?" Nicholson o ile a araba: "Le ha Russia e na le li-anti-narcotic mabapi le Afghanistan le tlhaselo ea bokhukhuni e tsoang ho lihlopha tse fetelletseng tsa Afghanistan, ho tloha ka 2016 re lumela hore Russia esale e thusa Ma-taliban ho taelo ea ho nyenyefatsa thomo ea US le NATO. Ma-taliban ke ona mokhoa oo lihlopha tse ling tse fetelletseng li sebetsang ka ona Afghanistan. Re tšoenyehile ka tšebelisano 'moho e ntseng e eketseha lipakeng tsa Russia le Pakistan e ntseng e tsoela pele ho fana ka sebaka se halalelang bakeng sa boetapele bo phahameng ba Taliban. Russia le Pakistan li bile le boitlhakiso bo kopaneng ba sesole Pakistan. Rona le balekane ba rona ba Asia Bohareng re tšohile merero ea Russia. ”

Nicholson o itse "tsoelo-pele e ntse e tsoela pele ho etsoa molemong oa koetliso oa Amerika, ho eletsa le ho lekola (TAA) mabotho a tšireletso a Afghanistan." Ha ho Senator ea ileng a botsa hore na hobaneng kamora lilemo tse 16 US e tlameha ho tsoelapele ho etsa koetliso e ts'oanang-le hore na koetliso ea mofuta ona e nkile nako e kae ho koetlisa mabotho a khonang ho hlola Ma-taliban le lihlopha tse ling. 

Nicholson o boletse hore US le NATO li ikemiselitse bonyane lilemo tse ling tse nne ho la Afghanistan kopanong ea NATO e neng e le Warsaw, Poland ka Phupu 2016. Kopanong ea bafani e neng e le Brussels ka Mphalane 2016, linaha tsa bafani tse 75 li fane ka $ 15 billion bakeng sa kaho e tsoelang pele ea Afghanistan. US e tla tsoelapele ho fana ka $ 5 billion ka selemo ho fihlela ka 2020. https://www.sigar.mil/pdf/ quarterlyreports/2017-01-30qr. pdf

Polelong ea hae e ngotsoeng Nicholson o boetse a re linaha tse ling tse 30 li itlamme ho feta $ 800M selemo le selemo ho tšehetsa sesole sa Afghan National Defense and Security (ANDSF) ho fihlela qetellong ea 2020 le hore ka Loetse, India e ekelitse $ 1B ho $ 2B eo e seng e itlamme ka eona Nts'etsopele ea Afghanistan.

Ho tloha 2002, Kopano ea Amerika e kentse chelete e fetang $ 117 bilione bakeng sa kaho ea Afghanistan (ho koetlisa mabotho a tšireletso a Afghanistan, ho ema mmusong oa Afghan, ho fana ka tlhokomelo ea bophelo le thuto ho batho ba Afghan, le ho nts'etsapele moruo oa Afghan), ts'ebeliso e kholo ea ho aha bocha naha efe kapa efe historing ea United States.  https://www.sigar.mil/pdf/ quarterlyreports/2017-01-30qr. pdf

Nicholson o re masole a 8,448 a US Afghanistan joale a tlameha ho lula ho sireletsa US ho lihlopha tse fetelletseng tsa Afghanistan le Pakistan moo lihlopha tse 20 ho tse 98 tse khethiloeng tsa bokhukhuni li leng teng lefatšeng. O itse ha ho na tšebelisano lipakeng tsa MaTaliban a Afghanistan le ISIS, empa hore bahlabani ba bangata ba ISIS ba tsoa / ba feta ka Taliban ea Pakistani.

Selemong se fetileng, ho tloha ka Hlakubele 2016, ho ne ho na le basebetsi ba kontraka ba Lefapha la Ts'ireletso (DOD) ba ka bang 28,600 Afghanistan, ha ba bapisoa le mabotho a 8,730 a US, a nang le basebetsi ba konteraka ba emelang hoo e ka bang 77% ea palo eohle ea boteng ba DOD naheng. Ho basebetsi ba konteraka ba 28,600 ba DOD, ba 9,640 e ne e le baahi ba Amerika mme ba ka bang 870, kapa ba ka bang 3%, e ne e le borakonteraka ba poraefete ba ts'ireletso. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/ natsec/R44116.pdf

Kaha maemo a mabotho a sesole a lutse a le joalo selemong se fetileng, motho a ka re palo ea likonteraka tsa sechaba e batla e lekana le 2017 bakeng sa kakaretso ea basebeletsi ba sesole ba 37,000 ba US le likonteraka tsa DOD Afghanistan.

Palo e kholo ea sesole sa US naheng ea Afghanistan e ne e le 99,800 kotareng ea bobeli ea 2011 mme palo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea likonteraka tsa sesole e ne e le 117,227 eo 34,765 e neng e le sechaba sa US se neng se le kotareng ea bobeli ea 2012 bakeng sa kakaretso ea basebetsi ba ka bang 200,000 ba US naheng eo, ntle le basebeletsi ba Lefapha la Mmuso le borakonteraka.  https://fas.org/sgp/crs/ natsec/R44116.pdf   Boitsebiso ka palo ea basebetsi ba Lefapha la Naha le likonteraka selemo le selemo Afghanistan ha bo fumanehe.

Ho tloha ka Mphalane 2001 ho isa ho 2015, borakonteraka ba poraefete ba 1,592 (liperesente tse ka bang 32 ho bona e ne e le MaAmerika) ba sebetsang likonterakeng tsa Lefapha la Ts'ireletso le bona ba bolailoe Afghanistan. Ho 2016, ho bolailoe borakonteraka ba bangata ba ikemetseng makhetlo a fetang a mabeli Afghanistan ho feta sesole sa US (masole a 56 a US le borakonteraka ba 101 ba bolailoe).

http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/ 05/29/the-new-unknown- soldiers-of-afghanistan-and- iraq/

Senatorator McCaskill o ile a botsa Nicholson lipotso tse thata mabapi le bokhukhuni bo tsoelang pele le bobolu kahare ho mmuso oa Afghanistan le borakonteraka ba lehae le ba machabeng. Nicholson o boletse hore kamora lilemo tse leshome le metso e mehlano, o lumela hore US e se e khona ho tseba masole a "sepoko" lenaneng la meputso ea sesole le ho emisa litefo ho moetapele oa sesole ea neng a fane ka mabitso. Ntle le moo, Nicholson o ekelitse hore ho latela tlaleho ea morao-rao ea Lefapha la Naha la Mohlokomeli oa Naha mabapi le bosholu le bomenemene lebaleng la konteraka o boletse hore lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse makholo a mabeli tsa litefiso tse fetelletseng ho borakonteraka bakeng sa konteraka ea $ 200 bilione ea phepelo ea peterole li bakile kholiseho ea molaoli e mong oa Afghan le lihokela tse 'ne tse thibetsoeng ho reka likonteraka. Litefiso tsa "masole a moea" le litefo tse fetelletseng tsa peterole e bile mohloli o moholo oa bobolu haufinyane Afghanistan. https://www.sigar.mil/pdf/ quarterlyreports/2017-01-30qr. pdf

Senator e mong eo naha ea hae e sentsoeng ke tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi li ile tsa botsa, "Kaha batho ba bangata ba shoeleng US ka lebaka la litlhare tse tlisoang ke lithethefatsi tse tlang ba tsoa Afghanistan, hobaneng ha US / NATO e sa felise masimo a opium a Afghanistan?" Nicholson o ile a araba: “Ha ke tsebe, ebile ha se taelo ea rona sesoleng. Setsi se seng se tla tlameha ho etsa joalo. ”

Nicholson o itse boiteko ba poelano le Taliban le lihlopha tse ling bo atlehile hanyane. Ka Loetse 29, 2016, bahlabani ba ile ba loana le Soviet Union, mabotho a mang a sesole nakong ea ntoa ea lehae, Taliban le US / NATO, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, moetapele oa Hezb-e Islami o saenetse tumellano ea khotso le mmuso oa Afghanistan e lumellang ho khutla. Masole a 20,000 le malapa a bona ho ea Afghanistan.  https://www.afghanistan- analysts.org/peace-with- hekmatyar-what-does-it-mean- for-battlefield-and-politics/

Nicholson o re bahlabani ba bang ba Afghan ba ntse ba tsoela pele ho fetola lilekane ho latela hore na sehlopha seo se fana ka chelete le ts'ireletso hofe.

Ka lengolo le bulehileng https://www.veteransforpeace. org/pressroom/news/2017/01/30/ open-letter-donald-trump-end- us-war-afghanistan ho Mopresidente Trump ho felisa Ntoa ea Afghanistan, mekhatlo e mengata le batho ka bomong ba khothaletsa mopresidente e mocha oa Amerika hore a felise ntoa e telele ho feta nalaneng ea naha:

"Re lokela ho botsa haholo hore re ka laela bahlankana le baroetsana ba Ma-Amerika hore ba etse mosebetsi oa ho bolaea kapa ho shoa o ileng oa phethoa lilemong tsa 15 lilemong tse fetileng. Ho lebella hore ba tla lumela morerong oo haholo. Taba eo e kanna ea thusa ho hlalosa ena: 'molai ea hloahloa oa mabotho a Amerika Afghanistan oa ipolaea. Polao ea bobeli e phahameng ea sesole sa Amerika e tala ho putsoa, ​​kapa mocha oa Afghan eo US e ntseng e mo koetlisa e fetolela libetsa tsa bona ho ba koetlisang! Ke uena ea lemohileng sena, Ho re: "A re tsoe Afghanistan. Mabotho a rona a bolaoa ke Maafghan bao re a koetlisang 'me re senya libilione moo. Lefeela! Bōpa Amerika. "

Ho tlosoa ha masole a US ho tla ba molemo ho batho ba Maafghan, kaha ho ba teng ha masole a tsoang linaheng lisele ho 'nile ha sitisa lipuisano tsa khotso. Maafghan ka bobona a tlameha ho tseba bokamoso ba bona, 'me ba tla khona ho etsa joalo hang ha ho e-na le bofelo ba ho kenella linaheng lisele.

Re u khothalletsa hore u phetle leqephe lena ka ts'ebetso ena e bohloko ea sesole. Tlisa mabotho ohle a Amerika hae ho tsoa Afghanistan. Ho emisa lifofane tsa Amerika, ho fapana le moo, bakeng sa karolo e nyane ea litšenyehelo, thusa Maafrika ka lijo, bolulo le lisebelisoa tsa temo. ”

Lilemo tse XNUMX tsa lipotso tse tšoanang le likarabo tse tšoanang ka ntoa ea Afghanistan. Ke nako ea ho felisa ntoa.

Mabapi le Mongoli: Ann Wright o sebelitse lilemo tse 29 Sesoleng sa Sesole sa US / Sesole mme a tlohela mosebetsi e le Mokoronele. O sebelitse lilemo tse 16 hape e le moemeli oa naha ea Amerika Nicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Micronesia, Afghanistan le Mongolia. O ile a itokolla pusong ea Amerika ka Hlakubele 2003 khahlanong le ntoa ea Mopresidente Bush ho la Iraq. Ho tloha ha a itokolla mosebetsing, o khutletse Afghanistan makhetlo a mararo le Pakistan hang.