Waxaa qoray Lyndal Rowlands, Wakaalada Wararka ee Inter Press
– Sagaal ka mid ah tobanka shirkadood ee ugu horreeya ee dhoofiya hubka ayaa fadhiisan doona golaha ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay inta u dhaxaysa badhtamaha 2016 iyo badhtamaha 2018ka.
Sagaalka xubnood waxaa ku jira afar xubnood oo wareeg ah - Spain, Ukraine, Italy iyo Netherlands - oo ka socda Yurub, iyo sidoo kale shanta xubnood ee joogtada ah ee golaha - Shiinaha, Faransiiska, Ruushka, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Maraykanka.
Sida laga soo xigtay 2015 data oo ka socda Machadka Cilmi-baarista Nabadda ee Stockholm (SIPRI), sagaalkan waddan ayaa ka ah tobanka waddan ee ugu horreeya ee dhoofiya hubka. Jarmalku waxa uu ku jiraa kaalinta 5, waa 10 ka kaliya ee ugu sareeya dhoofinta kaas oo aan ahayn xubin dhaw, hadda ama xubinta la filayo ee 15-ka xubnood ee golaha.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Pieter Wezeman, Cilmi-baaraha Sare ee Hubka iyo Barnaamijka Kharashaadka Militariga ee SIPRI ayaa u sheegay IPS in uusan "la yaabay gabi ahaanba" inuu arko hub badan oo dhoofinta ah oo ku jira golaha.
"Run ahaantii waa ganacsi sida caadiga ah: shanta xubnood ee joogtada ah ee Golaha Ammaanka ayaa dabcan siyaabo badan u ah awoodaha milatari ee ugu xooggan," ayuu yiri Wezeman.
Kaliya laba xubnood oo joogto ah, Mareykanka oo leh 33 boqolkiiba iyo Ruushka oo leh 25 boqolkiiba, ayaa ka dhigan 58 boqolkiiba wadarta dhoofinta hubka adduunka ee 2015, marka loo eego xogta SIPRI. Shiinaha iyo Faransiiska ayaa ku kala jira kaalinta saddexaad iyo afraad iyagoo leh saamiyo aad uga yar 5.9 boqolkiiba iyo 5.6 boqolkiiba siday u kala horreeyaan.
Xaaladda dhowr xubnood oo golaha ammaanka ah oo isu beddesha hub dhoofiyayaal ah halka ay “xiisaynayaan”, waxa laga yaabaa inay u badan tahay “wax iska dhacay,” ayuu raaciyay Wezeman.
Colaadaha hadda ka jira Yemen iyo Suuriya waxay muujinayaan tusaalayaal is-barbar-barya oo muujinaya saamaynta ay xubnaha Golaha Ammaanku ku leeyihiin dhoofinta hubka.
"Qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka waaweyn ee Golaha Ammaanku uu hadda la tacaalayo, gaar ahaan Yemen, tusaale ahaan, ayaa qayb weyn ka qaatay ficillada xubnahooda ee ah inay hubka ka iibiyaan dhinacyada iska soo horjeeda," Anna Macdonald, oo ah agaasimaha xakamaynta hubka ayaa u sheegay IPS. .
"Waxaan si joogto ah ugu baaqaynaa muddo sannad ah hadda in hubka loo wareejiyo Sacuudi Carabiya la joojiyo xaaladda Yemen, sababtoo ah heerka daran ee dhibaatada bini'aadanimo ee ka jirta halkaas iyo doorka gaarka ah ee wareejinta hubka ku ciyaarista taas.”
Macdonald waxa uu sheegay in u wareejinta hubka Sucuudiga ee loo adeegsado Yemen ay xad gudub ku tahay sharciga bini’aadantinimada iyo heshiiska ganacsiga hubka.
Cadaadiska gudaha ee uga imaanaya ururada bulshada rayidka ah, ayaa sababay in qaar ka mid ah wadamada Yurub oo ay ku jirto Sweden oo ku biiri doonta golaha ammaanka bisha Janaayo 2017, inay xaddidaan iibinta hubka Sacuudiga, ayuu yiri Wezeman. Dalka Sweden oo kursiga golaha ku yeelan doona January 2017 ilaa December 2018 ayaa ku soo biiraya kaalinta 12-aad ee dhoofinta hubka.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee dhoofinta hubka ee xubnaha Golaha Ammaanka ma ahan mid muhiim ah oo laga helo hubka marka ay dhacaan iskahorimaadyada iyadoo goluhu tixgelinayo.
Tusaale ahaan, xubnaha goluhu waxay ka dhawaajiyeen rajada laga qabo cunaqabataynta hubka ee ka dhanka ah Koonfurta Suudaan inta badan 2016, si kastaba ha ahaatee hubka lagu isticmaalo Koonfurta Suudaan ayaan xidhiidh dhow la lahayn dhoofinta xubnaha golaha ammaanka.
"Koonfurta Sudan waa waddan haysta hub jaban oo fudud. Uma baahna taangiga nooca ugu dambeeyay, waxay ku samayn kartaa taangi 30 ama 40 jir ah, ayuu yidhi Wezeman.
Sida laga soo xigtay Wezeman, waxay u badan tahay in siyaasadda halkii ay ka fiirsan lahaayeen dhaqaalaha ay saameyn ku yeeshaan go'aamada xubnaha Golaha Ammaanka ee ku saabsan cunaqabataynta hubka, maadaama faa'iidada ka soo baxda iibka hubka ay "xadidan tahay marka la barbar dhigo wadarta dhaqaalahooda."
"Inta badan dowladaha saaran cunaqabateynta hubka ee Qaramada Midoobay waa wadamo faqiir ah oo suuqyada wax lagu kala iibsado, oo uu ku jiro hub, aysan si gaar ah u weyneyn," ayuu raaciyay.
Guud ahaan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, Macdonald ayaa sheegay in xubnaha Golaha Ammaanku ay mas'uuliyad gaar ah ka saaran tahay ilaalinta nabadda iyo ammaanka caalamiga ah, tanina waxay sidoo kale gaaraysaa mas'uuliyadooda gaarka ah ee dhoofinta hubka.
"Waxaan si cad u soo xigan karnaa Qoddobka 5-aad ee Qaramada Midoobay: kor u qaadida ilaalinta nabadda iyadoo la adeegsanayo hubka ugu yar," ayay tiri.
"Waxaan ku doodi doonnaa in 1.3 trillion ee hadda loo qoondeeyay kharashaadka milatari aysan ahayn mid waafaqsan ruuxa ama warqadda axdiga Qaramada Midoobay," ayay raacisay, iyadoo xustay in tani ay aad uga badan tahay kharashka ku baxaya ciribtirka saboolnimada ba'an.
