By Xarunta Soodejinta ee "Zero Center for Action for Nonviolent Action", Janaayo 19, 2021
Laga bilaabo Janaayo 18-keeda, afar boorar oo ku wareegsan Puget Sound ayaa soo bandhigi doona ogeysiiska adeegga dadweynaha ee soo socda (PSA): Hubka Nukliyeerka ah ee ay mamnuucday UN-ka ee daweynta cusub; Ka bixi iyaga Puget Sound! Xayeysiinta waxaa ku jira sawir Navy US ah oo markabkii Trident ee USS Henry M. Jackson ku soo laabtay dekedda ka dib kormeer istiraatiiji ah oo ka hortag ah.
Xayeysiintu waxay dooneysaa inay ku wargeliso muwaadiniinta ku sugan gobolka Puget Sound inta laga sugayo inay dhaqan gasho heshiiska ku saabsan Mamnuuca Hubka Nukliyeerka (TPNW), waxayna sidoo kale ka codsaneysaa muwaadiniinta inay aqbalaan kaalintooda iyo masuuliyadooda - canshuur bixiyeyaasha, sida xubnaha bulshada dimoqraadiga ah , iyo deris ahaan saldhigga quwada nukliyeerka ee Trident ee Hood Canal - si looga shaqeeyo ka hortagga adeegsiga hubka nukliyeerka.
Afarta boorar ayaa ku kala yaali doona Seattle, Tacoma, iyo Port Orchard, waana wada shaqeyn ka dhaxeysa, ayna bixinayaan, Ground Zero Center for Nonviolent Action iyo World Beyond War.
Heshiiska Mamnuuca
TPNW wuxuu dhaqan gelayaa Janaayo 22nd. Heshiiska ayaa mamnuucaya kaliya isticmaalka hubka nukliyeerka, laakiin wax kasta oo ku saabsan hubka nukliyeerka - sharci darro ayay ka dhigeysaa sharciga caalamiga ah ee dalalka kaqeyb galaya “horumarinta, tijaabinta, soo saarista, soo saarista, haddii kale la helo, haysato, ama la keydiyo hubka nukliyeerka ama nukliyeerka kale. aaladaha qarxa. ”
In kasta oo mamnuucyada heshiiska ay sharci ahaan kaliya ku xiran yihiin waddamada (51 illaa iyo hadda) ee noqda "Dawlad-goboleedyo" heshiiskan, mamnuucyadaasi waxay ka gudbayaan oo keliya howlaha dowladda. Qodobka 1 (e) ee heshiisku wuxuu mamnuucayaa Dowladaha Xubnaha ka ah inay caawiyaan “qof kasta” oo ku hawlan mid ka mid ah howlahaas la mamnuucay, oo ay ku jiraan shirkadaha gaarka loo leeyahay iyo shakhsiyaadka ku lug yeelan kara ganacsiga hubka nukliyeerka.
Wadamo badan ayaa ku biiraya TPNW bilaha iyo sanadaha soo socda, iyo cadaadiska saaran shirkadaha gaarka loo leeyahay ee ku lug leh ganacsiga hubka nukliyeerka ayaa sii socon doona. Shirkadahaan waxay durba wajahayaan culeysyo dowladeed iyo kuwa maaliyadeed oo kali ah oo aan ka imaaneyn Dowladaha Xubnaha ka ah, laakiin sidoo kale dalalkooda dhexdooda. Laba ka mid ah shanta hawlgab ee ugu waawayn adduunka ayaa laga quustey hubka nukliyeerka, iyo hay'adaha kale ee maaliyadeed ayaa ku dayanaya tusaalahooda.
Hubka Nukliyeerka wali wuu jiraa inta badan maxaa yeelay shirkadaha ku lugta leh ganacsiga waxay awood weyn ku leeyihiin siyaasadaha dowladda iyo go'aan gaarista, gaar ahaan Mareykanka. Waxay ka mid yihiin deeq bixiyeyaasha ugu badan ee ololayaasha dib-u-doorashada ololaha. Waxay ku bixiyaan malaayiin doollar dadka u ololeeya Washington, DC
Siyaasadda Mareykanka ee ku wajahan hubka niyuukleerka ayaa is beddeli doonta marka shirkadahaas ku lugta leh hubka nukliyeerka ay bilaabaan inay dareemaan cadaadis dhab ah oo ka imanaya TPNW oo ay garwaaqsadaan in mustaqbalkooda u gaarka ahi ay ku tiirsan yihiin kala-duwanaanta hawlahooda ka fog hubka nukliyeerka.
Saldhigga Naval Kitsap-Bangor wuxuu ku yaal meel dhawr mayl u jirta magaalooyinka Silverdale iyo Poulsbo wuxuuna hoy u yahay halka ugu badan ee hubka Nukliyeerka la geeyay Mareykanka Madaxa madaxyada Nukliyeerka waxaa la dhigaa gantaalada Trident D-5 ee maraakiibta dagaalka ee SSBN waxaana lagu keydiyaa xarunta keydinta hubka nukliyeerka dhulka hoostiisa.
U dhawaanshahayaga tirada ugu badan ee hubka nukliyeerka la geeyay waxay dalbaneysaa milicsiga qotada dheer iyo ka jawaabista halista dagaalka nukliyeerka.
Nidaamka Hubka Nukliyeerka ee Trident
Waxaa jira sideed markab oo nooca quusta qaada ah oo loo yaqaan 'Trident SSBN submarins' oo la geeyay Bangor. Lix Markab oo Gujis ah oo loo yaqaan 'Trident SSBN submarines' ayaa la geeyay Xeebta Bariga ee King Bay, Georgia
Mid ka mid ah qalabka 'Trident Submarine' wuxuu wataa xoogga wax duminta ee ka sarreeya bamamka 1,200 Hiroshima (bamkii Hiroshima wuxuu ahaa 15 kilotons).
Gujis kasta oo Trident ah waxaa markii hore lagu qalabeeyay 24 gantaal oo Trident ah. 2015-2017 afar tuubo oo gantaal ah ayaa lagu quusiyay markab walboo gujis ah sababtuna ahayd heshiiskii 'New START Treaty'. Waqtigaan la joogo, markab kasta oo gujis ah oo loo yaqaan 'Trident submarine' wuxuu geeya 20 gantaal oo ah D-5 iyo ilaa 90 madax madax oo nukliyeer ah (celcelis ahaan 4-5 madax madax ah gantaalkiiba). Madax-madaxeedyadu waa W76-1 90-kiloton ama W88 455-kiloton madaxyada.
Navy bilowgii 2020 wuxuu bilaabay howl galka cusub W76-2 dagaal madaxeed hooseeya (qiyaastii sideed kiiloomitir) oo lagu xushay gantaalaha ballistic-ta badda hoosteeda ee Bangor (ka dib markii la geeyay bilowgii Atlantic dhexdeeda bishii Diseembar 2019). Madaxa dagaalka ayaa loo geeyay si looga hortago adeegsiga ugu horreeyay ee Ruushka ee hubka nukliyeerka taatikada, halista abuurista a bilowga hoose adeegsiga hubka istiraatiijiyadeed ee Mareykanka ee mareykanka.
Isticmaal kasta oo hubka nukliyarka ka soo horjeedka dowlad kale oo hubka nukliyeerka ah waxay u badan tahay inay jawaab ka bixiso hubka nukliyeerka, oo sababa dhimasho iyo burbur aad u badan. Ka sokow saamaynta tooska ah kuwa ka soo horjeedda, dhacdada shucaaca ee la xiriirta waxay saameyn doontaa dadka ku nool quruumaha kale. Saameynta aadanaha iyo dhaqaalaha adduunka waxay noqon doontaa mid ka fog mala-awaalka, iyo amarrada baaxadda leh ee ka baxsan saameynta cudurka faafa ee coronavirus.
Hans M. Kristensen waa isha khabiirka ee bayaanka, "Naval Base Kitsap-Bangor… oo leh uruurinta ugu badan ee hubka Nukliyeerka ee la geeyay Mareykanka" halkan iyo halkan.) Mudane Kristensen waa agaasimaha Mashruuca Macluumaadka Nukliyeerka at the Xiriirka Saynisyahanada Mareykanka halkaas oo uu siinayo dadweynaha falanqayn iyo xog ku saabsan xaaladda ciidamada nukliyeerka iyo doorka hubka nukliyeerka.
Looxyada biil-bararka ayaa ah dadaal ay sameeyeen Xarunta Soodejinta ee "Zero Center for Action for Nonviolent Action", waa hay'ad xidid ah oo ka dhisan Poulsbo, Washington, si dib loogu soo nooleeyo wacyiga bulshada ee halista hubka nukliyeerka ee gobolka Puget Sound.
Masuuliyadda shacabka iyo hubka nukliyeerka
U dhawaanshahayaga tirada ugu badan ee la geeyay hubka nukliyeerka ah ee nukliyeerka ayaa ina ag dhigay meel u dhow halista maxalliga ah iyo tan caalamiga ah ee halista ah. Marka muwaadiniintu ogaadaan doorka ay ka leeyihiin rajada laga qabo dagaal nukliyeer, ama halista shil nukliyeer, arrintu hadda ma aha mid la soo koobay. U dhawaanshaheena Bangor wuxuu dalbanayaa jawaab qoto dheer.
Muwaadiniinta ku jira dimoqraadiyada sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin masuuliyado - oo ay ka mid yihiin xulashada hogaamiyaasheena iyo in lala socodsiiyo waxa ay dowladeenu qabaneyso. Saldhigga badda ee Bangor wuxuu 20 mayl u jiraa bartamaha Seattle, laakiin boqolkiiba in yar oo muwaadiniinta gobolkeenna ah ayaa og inay jirto Naval Base Kitsap-Bangor.
Muwaadiniinta Gobolka Washington waxay si isdaba joog ah u doortaan saraakiisha dowladda ee taageera hubka nukliyeerka ee Gobolka Washington. Sanadihii 1970-yadii, Senator Henry Jackson wuxuu ku qanciyay Pentagon-ka inuu helo saldhiga gujis ee Trident ee kanaalka Hood, halka Senator Warren Magnuson uu helay lacag loogu talagalay waddooyinka iyo saamaynta kale ee uu sababo xarunta Trident. Markab-hoosaadka kaliya ee loo yaqaan 'Trident submarine' oo loogu magac daray qof (iyo Senatorkeenii hore ee Gobolka Washington) ayaa ah USS Henry M. Jackson (SSBN-730), oo lagu xardhay Naval Base Kitsap-Bangor.
Sanadkii 2012, Gobolka Washington wuxuu aasaasay Isbahaysiga Militariga Washington (WMA), waxaa si xoog leh u dalacsiiyay labada gudoomiye Gregoire iyo Inslee. WMA, Waaxda Difaaca, iyo hayadaha kale ee dowliga ah waxay ka shaqeeyaan xoojinta doorka Gobolka Washington sida "…Qalabka Awooda Awooda (Dekedaha Istiraatiijiga ah, Tareenka, Waddooyinka, iyo Garoomada Diyaaradaha) [oo leh] habab is-kaabaya oo isugu jira cirka, dhulka, iyo badda oo lagu fulinayo howsha. ” Sidoo kale eeg “saadaalinta korantada. "
Saldhigga Naval Kitsap-Bangor iyo nidaamka badda ee 'Trident submarine' ayaa isbeddelay tan iyo markii markabkii ugu horreeyay ee Trident uu soo degay Ogosto 1982. salka ayaa kor u kacay illaa gantaal aad u ballaaran oo D-5 ah oo leh madax weyne ka weyn oo ah W88 (455 kiloton), oo leh casriyeyn socota ee hagida gantaalaha iyo nidaamyada xakamaynta. Ciidanka Badda ayaa dhowaan howl galiyay kuwa yar yar W76-2 "Wax soosaar hoose" ama hub nukliyeer ah (ku dhawaad sideed kilotons) gantaalada ballistic submarine gantaalaha ee Bangor, oo si halis ah u abuuraya marin hoose oo loo adeegsado hubka nukliyeerka.
Arimaha
- Mareykanku qarash badan ayuu ku bixinayaa hubka nukliyarka barnaamijyada marka loo eego xilligii dagaalkii qaboobaa.
- Mareykanku wuxuu hadda qorsheynayaa inuu qarash gareeyo qiyaas ahaan $ 1.7 trillion in ka badan 30 sano dib-u-dhiska xarumaha qaranka ee hubka iyo casriyeynta hubka nukliyeerka.
- The New York Times ayaa soo warisay in Mareykanka, Ruushka iyo Shiinaha Waxay si ba’an u daba-galayaan jiil cusub oo hub nukliyeer ah oo yar iyo yar. Dhismooyinka ayaa ku hanjabay inay soo nooleyn doonaan a Tartan hubkii qaboobaa ee xilligi qaboobaa oo ha joojisaan isu dheelitirka awooda ee umadaha.
- Ciidamada Badda ee Mareykanka ayaa sheegaya in SSBN Maraakiibta dagaalka ee ku jira gantaalada ayaa Mareykanka siiya "awooddeeda ugu badbaado uguna waarta ee duqeynta nukliyeerka." Si kastaba ha noqotee, SSBN-yada ku jira dekedda iyo madaxyada nukliyeerka ee lagu keydiyay SWFPAC ayaa suuragal ah bartilmaameedka koowaad ee dagaalka nukliyeerka. Google sawir laga soo bilaabo 2018 waxay muujineysaa seddex miinooyin dhulka hoostiisa ah ee 'SSBN' oo ku yaal dhinaca wadada Hood Canal.
- Shil ku lug leh hubka nukliyeerka ayaa dhacay November 2003 markii jaranjarada ay dhex gashay no Nucleone-ka Nuclearka inta lagu gudajiray gantaalaha caadiga ah ee laga soo raray Walxaha Qarxa ee Wharf ee Bangor. Dhammaan hawlgallada maaraynta gantaallada ee SWFPAC ayaa la joojiyay muddo sagaal toddobaad ah illaa Bangor dib looga xaqiijinayo hubinta hubka nukliyeerka. Saddex taliye sare waa la eryay, laakiin dadweynaha looma wargalin ilaa macluumaadka laga siidaayo warbaahinta markay ahayd Maarso 2004.
- Jawaabaha dadweynaha ee saraakiisha dowladda ee shilkii gantaal ee 2003 guud ahaan wuxuu ahaa qaab yaab iyo Niyad Jab.
- Sababtoo ah barnaamijyada casriyeynta iyo dayactirka ee madaxyada dagaal ee Bangor, madaxyada hubka nukliyeerka waxaa si joogto ah loogu raraa gawaarida xamuulka ah ee aan calaamadeysneyn inta udhaxeysa Waaxda Tamarta Pantex Plant oo u dhow Amarillo, Texas iyo saldhigga Bangor. Si ka duwan Ciidanka Badda ee Bangor, the DOE waxay si firfircoon u dardar gelisaa u diyaar garowga xaaladaha degdegga ah.
Xayeysiiska Billboard-ka
Afarta xayeysiis ayaa lagu soo bandhigi doonaalaga bilaabo Janaayo 18th ilaa Febraayo 14th, iyo cabir 10 ft. 6 gudaha. dherer ah 22 ft. 9 dherer. Boorarka ayaa ku dhow meelaha soo socda:
- Port Orchard: Wadada weyn ee Gobolka 16, 300 fuudh koonfurta Gobolka Highway 3
- Seattle: Aurora Avenue North, South of N 41st Street
- Seattle: Denny Way, Bariga Taylor Avenue North
- Tacoma: Pacific Avenue, 90 fuudh koonfur 129th. Bariga bari
Sawirka markabka gujiska ah ee xayeysiiska wuxuu ka yimid mareegta US Navy DVIDS, ee https://www.dvidshub.net/image/1926528/uss-henry-m-jackson-returns-patrol. Qoraalka sawirka waxaa ku qoran:
BANGOR, Wash. (May 5, 2015) USS Henry M. Jackson (SSBN 730) waxay shiraacaysaa guriga Naval Base Kitsap-Bangor ka dib kormeer istiraatiiji ah oo ilaalin ah. Jackson waa mid ka mid ah sideed maraakiibta quusta ah ee gantaalaha ballistic ee saldhigga ku yaal oo bixiya lugta badbaadaya ee saddexda istiraatiijiyadeed ee ka hortagga Mareykanka. (Sawirka Navy US ee Lt. Cmdr. Brian Badura / Waa la siidaayay)
Hubka Nuclear-ka iyo iska caabbinta
Sanadihii 1970-meeyadii iyo 1980-yadii, kumanaan soo bandhigay ka dhan ah hubka nukliyeerka ee saldhigga Bangor iyo boqolaal waa la qabtay. Seattle Wadaadka Hunthausen wuxuu ku dhawaaqay saldhigga gujis ee Bangor ee "Auschwitz of Puget Sound" oo 1982 wuxuu bilaabay inuu joojiyo kala bar canshuurtiisa federaalka isagoo ka mudaaharaadaya "qarankeena sii waditaanka ka qeyb galka tartanka helitaanka hubka nukliyeerka."
Hal markab oo gujis ah oo loo yaqaan 'Trident SSBN' oo ku socda Bangor waxaa lagu qiyaasaa inuu qaado ilaa 90 madax madax oo nukliyeer ah Dagaallada W76 iyo W88 ee Bangor waxay u dhigmaan siday u kala horreeyaan 90 kiloton iyo 455 kiloton oo TNT ah oo ah xoog wax burburiya. Hal markab gujis ah oo la geeyay Bangor wuxuu la mid yahay in ka badan 1,200 bambooyin nukliyeer ah oo Hiroshima ah.
Bishii Meey 27, 2016, Madaxweyne Obama ka hadlay magaalada Hiroshima wuxuuna ku baaqay in la joojiyo hubka nukliyeerka. Wuxuu yiri awoodaha nukliyeerka “… waa inay lahaadaan geesinimo si ay uga baxsadaan caqliga macquulka ah, oo ay u daba galaan adduun iyaga la’aantood.” Obama wuxuu intaas ku daray, "Waa inaan bedelnaa fekerkeena ku saabsan dagaalka laftiisa."
Ku Saabsan Xarunta Sero Zero ee Tallaabada Xagjirnimada
Waxaa la aasaasay 1977. Xaruntu waxay ku taal 3.8 hektar oo ku dhegan saldhiga gujis ee Trident ee Bangor, Washington. Xarunta loo yaqaan 'Ground Zero Center for Nonviolent Action' waxay siisaa fursad ay ku sahamiso xididdada rabshadaha iyo caddaalad darrada ka jirta adduunkeenna iyo inay la kulmaan awoodda jacaylka ee beddelaysa iyadoo loo marayo ficil toos ah oo aan rabshad lahayn. Waxaan iska caabineynaa dhammaan hubka nukliyeerka, gaar ahaan nidaamka gantaalaha 'Trident ballistic system'.
Dhacdooyinka soo socda ee dhulka la xiriira Zero:
Dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha 'Ground Zero Center' waxay qaban doonaan boorar ay ku xardhan yihiin meelaha laga soo baxo meelaha soo socda ee ku dhow Puget Sound bisha Janaayo 22nd, maalinta TPNW ay dhaqan gasho:
- Seattle, Interstate 5 oo laga gudbo NE 145th Street, laga bilaabo 10:00 AM
- Poulsbo, Sherman Hill waxay dulmartaa Wadada 3, laga bilaabo 10:00 AM
- Bremerton, Loxie Egans oo dulmara Wadada 3, laga bilaabo 2:30 PM
Boodhadhka ayaa xambaari doona farriin la mid ah xayeysiiska boorarka.
Fadlan hubi www.gzcenter.org cusbooneysiinta.
