Sawir Sawir: Ciidanku waa suufaha Ameerikaanka

Waxaa qoray Pat Elder, January 20, 2019

PFAS waxay ka heshay biyo cabitaan oo u dhow Xarunta Badbaadada Qaranka ee Battle Creek.

America waxay la kulantaa mid ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ugu weyn ee caafimaadka dadweynaha ee taariikhdooda ilaa iyo 110 milyan oo qof  suurtagal ah in uu soo gaaro biyaha la cabbo ee leh sunta Per iyo Poly Fluoroalkyl, ama PFAS. Ilaha ugu weyn ee kiimikada kiimikada ayaa ka yimaada filinka aqueous formation-ka (AFFF) ee loo isticmaalo tababbarka dabka ee caadiga ah ee saldhigyada milatariga. Milatariga ayaa u oggolaanaya sunta sunta ah in ay hoos u dhigto biyaha dhulka si ay u faddariso bulshooyinka deriska ah ee isticmaala biyaha dhulka hoostooda iyo nidaamyada biyaha ee dawladda hoose.  

Pentagon wax mas'uuliyad ah ma saareyso waxayna diideysaa inay bixiso si loo nadiifiyo wasakheynta ay keentay. Col. Andrew Wiesen, Agaasimaha DOD ee Daaweynta Ka-hortagga ee Xafiiska Arrimaha Caafimaadka ayaa sheegaya in faddaradu ay mas'uul ka tahay EPA. "Annagu ma samaynno cilmi-baarista koowaad ee aaggan," ayuu u sheegay Marine Corps Times. "EPA ayaa mas'uul ka ah taas," ayuu yiri. "DoD ayaanan si madax-bannaan ah u eegin xeryaha, mana haysanin" cilmi-baaris dheerad ah oo ku saabsan arrimahan caafimaad ee PFOS / PFOA, ugu yaraan sida aan ogaado. "

Dhanka kale, Ciidamada Cirka ma bixin doono lacagta seddex jaaliyadood oo Colorado ah lacagtii ku baxday ka jawaab celinta wasakheynta biyaha ee ay sababtay xumbo dab-damis sun ah. AFFF waxaa horey loogu isticmaali jiray Saldhigga Ciidamada Cirka ee Peterson, iyadoo laga yaabo inay ka tagto magaalooyinka iyaga oo wata $ 11 milyan oo tab ah. Ciidamada Cirka waxay sheegteen ilo kale inay u badan tahay inay gacan ka geysteen wasakheynta hawo-biyoodka, in kastoo aan midkoodna la aqoonsan.

Wax ka badan 3,000 kiimikooyinka PFAS ee waxyeellada leh ayaa la sameeyay. Laba ka mid ah kuwa ugu dhimashada badan waa Perfluoro Octane Sulfonate (PFOS) iyo Perfluoro Octanoic Acid (PFOA). Aad bay faa'iido u leeyihiin in la demiyo dabka shidaalka ee batroolka.

PFOS & PFOA waxaa loo yaqaanaa "waligood kiimikooyin" maxaa yeelay si dabiici ah ugama hoos dhacaan deegaanka. Laamaha militariga waxay ku guda jiraan howsha u wareejinta mid kale wax yar ka yar halis Foamsooyin dab-damis ah.

EPA waxay sii wadaa inay oggolaato sunta dilaaga ah ee PFAS in loo isticmaalo halka Cilmi-baadhayaasha Harvard ayaa sheegaya in 1 qaybta trillion (ppt) ay u badantahay in ay waxyeelo u geystaan ​​caafimaadka aadanaha.

Xaddiga EPA ee La-talinta Caafimaad ee Lifetime (LHA) ee labadaba kiimikada waa 70 ppt halka Hay'adda Maaddooyinka Sunta ah iyo Diiwaanka Cudurrada (ATSDR) ay dejiyeen heerarka biyaha ee cabbirka biyaha ee 11 ppt ee PFOA iyo 7 ppt ee PFOS.

Qoraalka sawirada soo socda ayaa ah in la isku daro laylinta joogtada ah ee AFFF ee xarumaha milatariga iyadoo leh heerar sare oo ah biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ku jira ee ku yaalla beelaha isku dhafan.  

Caddadka PFOS / PFOA faddarada ceelasha dhulka ayaa laga qaaday tan Warbixinta DOD. Waxaa sidoo kale lagu darey waraaqaha DOD ee warbixinta.

Saldhig ciidan ee Peterson, Colorado

88,400 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) ayaa lagu ogaadey biyaha dhulka.

DOD Faahfaahin: Milkiileyaasha gaarka loo leeyahay ee ceelasha gaarka loo leeyahay waxay bixiyaan qaybo hoostooda ah (jikada). Biyaha dhalada ku jira ayaa la siiyaa shaqaalaha xarun ganacsi. Nidaamyada kaarboon-firfircoon ee firfircoon ee firfircoon (GAC) oo lagu rakibay hal (1) baarkinka guriga guurguura iyo hal (1) guri beero. Hal kaniisad maxalli ah ayaa ku xirnayd biyaha magaalada. Biyaha dhalada ku jira ayaa la siiyaa 52 cutub oo ku yaal baarkinka kale ee guurguura.

Bishii Oktoobar, 2016 wax ka badan Galbeed 150,000  ee kiimikada dab-demiska ayaa lagu sii daayay nidaamka bullaacadaha ee Colorado Springs Utilities.

Eglin Air Force Base, Florida

280,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) ayaa lagu ogaadey biyaha dhulka.

DOD Faahfaahin: Dhameystirey Qiimaynta Hordhaca ah ee salka ku haysa sal-ballaadhan waxayna heshay iswaafajin sharciyeed oo ku saabsan natiijooyinka. Waxay bilaabeen kormeerka guud ee goobta ee PFOS iyo PFOA.

Joint Base Langley-Eustis Virginia  

2,200,000 ppt PFOS + PFOA ayaa laga helay biyaha dhulka.

DOD Faahfaahin:  Dhameystirey Qiimaynta Hordhaca ah ee salka ku haysa sal-ballaadhan waxayna heshay iswaafajin sharciyeed oo ku saabsan natiijooyinka. Waxay bilaabeen kormeerka guud ee goobta ee PFOS iyo PFOA.

Saldhigga Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota

551,000 ppt PFOS + PFOA ayaa laga helay biyaha dhulka.

DOD Faahfaahin:   Dhameystirey Qiimeyn Hordhac Horudhac ah / Kormeer Goob oo loogu talagalay PFOS iyo PFOA waxay heleen iswaafajin sharciyeed oo ku saabsan natiijooyinka. Waxay ka bilaabeen baaritaanka sixitaanka aaggii hore ee tababarka dabka waxayna dhameystireen wajigii koowaad ee shaqada goobta Xagaagii 2017. Waxay bilaabeen Baadhitaan ballaadhan oo Saldhig ah

Saldhiga Ciidamadda Fairchild, Washington

5,700 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) ayaa lagu ogaadey biyaha dhulka.

DOD Faahfaahin:  43 ka mid ah 104 ceel oo la cabo oo gaar loo leeyahay, iyo 1 ka mid ah 2 nidaamyada biyaha dadweynaha ayaa dhaafay LHA ee Fairchild. Kala hadal MOU degmada hoose; suurtogal ah in lagu rakibo sifeynta GAC ​​nidaamka biyaha dadweynaha ee DW; ECD - in la go'aamiyo. Ku rakib dhammaan nidaamyada sifeynta guryaha meelaha la deggan yahay ceelasha Cabitaanka ee gaarka loo leeyahay.

Xarunta Gawaarida ee Havis, California

40,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) ayaa lagu ogaadey biyaha dhulka.

DOD Faahfaahin: Dhameystirey Qiimaynta Hordhaca ah ee salka ku haysa sal-ballaadhan waxayna heshay iswaafajin sharciyeed oo ku saabsan natiijooyinka. Waxay bilaabeen kormeerka guud ee goobta ee PFOS iyo PFOA.

Jacksonville Station Naval Air Station, Florida

1,397,120 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) ayaa lagu ogaadey biyaha dhulka.

DOD: No Comments.

Saldhiga EIelson Air Force, Alaska

2,000,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) ayaa lagu ogaadey biyaha dhulka.

DOD Faahfaahin:  Dhammaystiray Qiimaynta Hore ee Laba-Dhexmaad ee Laba-Dhexe, waxayna heshay Xeerar nidaamsan oo ku saabsan natiijooyinka. Waxay bilowday baaritaan ku sameynta goobaha guud ee PFOS iyo PFOA.

Saldhigyada Channel Islands Air Guard Base, California

1,080,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) ayaa lagu ogaadey biyaha dhulka.

DOD: No Comments.

Saldhiga Ciidanka Beale, California

200,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) ayaa lagu ogaadey biyaha dhulka.

DOD Faahfaahin:   Dhameystirey Qiimaynta Hordhaca ah ee salka ku haysa sal-ballaadhan waxayna heshay iswaafajin sharciyeed oo ku saabsan natiijooyinka. Waxay bilaabeen kormeerka guud ee goobta ee PFOS iyo PFOA.

Mountain Home AF Base, Idaho

Imtixaan xannibaad joogta ah oo ka socda Mountain Home AFB.

105 ppt of PFOS + PFOA waxaa laga helay biyaha cabitaanka.

DOD Faahfaahin:   Cabidda cabbitaanka biyaha iyo falanqaynta ayaa dhacay. Biyaha la wareejiyey waxaa loo soo gareeyay sida tallaabo nabadgelyo oo ku meel gaadh ah halka ceelasha wasakhaysan la qiimeeyay, iyo qorshe ayaa la sameeyay.