By John LaForge
Waqooyiga Kuuriya May 7 waxay cadeyneysaa inaanu ugu horreyntii isticmaalin hubka nukliyeerka ayaa la kulmay cabasho rasmi ah halkii laga heli lahaa gargaar iyo farxad. Ma ahan mid ka mid ah warbixinta ogeysiiska ah ee aan ku ogaan karo in Maraykanku marnaba u sameysey balanqaad aan hore loo isticmaalin. Mid ka mid ah saddexda daraasadood ee wargeysyada ayaa xitaa sheegey in North Korea aysan helin mid ka mid ah dagaalyahannada nukliyeerka la isticmaalo. New York Times ayaa qirtay, "Madaxda Mareykanka iyo Kuuriyada Kuuriya ayaa shaki ku abuuray in North Korea ay samaysay gantaal ballaaran oo dhexdhexaadin ah oo bixinaya nukliyeerka nukliyeerka ah ee wadamada Maraykanka ah."
Nukliyeerka "isticmaalka ugu horreeya" waxa loola jeedaa weerarka ciriiriga nukliyeerka ama kor u kaca burbur ballaaran oo loo geysto isticmaalka qoryaha nukliyarka nukliyeerka, iyo madaxweynayaashu waxay ku hanjabeen inta badan waqtiyada 15. In lagu dhiso qarxinta Xameexiga Khaliijka Persian-ka, ayay saraakiisha Mareykanku ku jiraan oo ay ka mid yihiin Def. Seg. Dick Cheney iyo Sec. ee Gobolka James Baker si cad oo uu ku celceliyay in Maraykanku uu isticmaali karo hubka nukliyeerka. Dhinaca bam-celinta, Rep. Dan Burton, R-Ind., Iyo qoraaga caanka ah Cal Thomas labaduba si cad oo kor loogu qaadey dagaalkii nukliyarka ee Ciraaq.
Bishii Abriil 1996, Ku-xigeenka Xoghayaha Difaaca Madaxweyne Bill Clinton, Herald Smith wuxuu si cad ugu hanjabay inuu hubka nukliyeerka u adeegsan doono Liibiya oo aan nukliyeer ahayn - taas oo qayb ka ahayd heshiiskii ka-hortagga Nukliyeerka - iyadoo lagu eedeeyay dhisida xarun hub qarsoodi ah. Markii Xoghayaha Difaaca ee Clinton William J. Perry wax laga waydiiyay hanjabaadan ayuu ku celceliyay, isagoo leh, “[W] e ma dhaafi doono suurtagalnimadaas.” (The Nonproliferation Treaty wuxuu mamnuucayaa weerar nukliyeer ah oo lala beegsado dhinacyada kale ee gobolka.)
"Xeerka siyaasadeed ee Madaxweynaha 60" (PD 60) ee Nov. 1997, Clinton ayaa si rasmi ah ugu dhawaaqday isticmaalka nukliyarka hore ee qorsheyaashiisa dagaal. Mareykanka H-bomb ayaa hadda loogu talagalay waddamada ay aqoonsatay Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibedda inay tahay "xagasho." PD 60 ayaa si bareer ah u yareeyay weerarada ka dhanka ah fursadaha weerarka nukliyarka. Clinton waxay cadeeyneysaa in Maraykanku uu bilaabi doono hubka nukliyeerka isagoo ka jawaabaya isticmaalka hubka kiimikada ama baayoolojiga, "ayaa Los Angeles iyo New York Times u sheegay. "Waxaan ku dhaartay in aan u baahannahay H-bombooyinka si aan uga hortagno weerarrada kiimikada ayagoo u sheegaya in aan u baahneyn wax jawaab celin ah oo nukliyeer ah si aan u karino biyo." Iskuday siyaasadda caydhinta ee ka jirta baska, ka dibna wuxuu amar ku bixiyay in ciidamadu ... qarxinta cadawga dagaalka. "
Amarka Clinton wuxuu canaan u ahaa Akadeemiyada Qaranka ee Sayniska (NAS) - kooxda latalinta sayniska ee ugu sareysa dalka - oo ku talisay lix bilood ka hor, Juun 18, 1997, in Mareykanku "caddeeyo inuusan noqon doonin kii ugu horreeyay ee adeegsada hubka nukliyeerka ee dagaalka ama dhibaatada. ” Bishii Abriil 1998, safaaradda Mareykanka ee Clinton ee Moscow waxay si qabow u diiday inay meesha ka saarto adeegsiga hubka nukliyeerka ee ka dhanka ah ciraaq, iyadoo leh, “horay uma diidno awood kasta oo aan heli karno.”
Xoghayaha Arrimaha Dibadda Colin Powell iyo Xoghayaha Warfaafinta Aqalka Cad ee Ari Fleischer ayaa diiday in ay si cad uga saaraan hubka Nukliyarka doorashadii Ciraaq, isaga oo sheegay in siyaasadda Maraykanku aanay ahayn in wax laga qabto, Wade Boese oo ka mid ah Cirka Ururka Xakameynta ayaa sheegay. Intaa waxaa dheer, Def. Seg. Ayuu yidhi Donald Rumsfeld a Feb. Guddiga Adeegyada Xildhibaannada ee 13 ayaa dhagaysanaya in siyaasadda rasmiga ah ay qeexday in Maraykanka, "... maaha in laga hortago isticmaalka hubka nukliyeerka haddii la weeraro."
Joojinta cabsida ugu dambeysa ee bambaanooyinka waxay keenaysaa ficil Mareykan ah oo la jaanqaadaya xeel dheereynta Madaxweynaha oo si joogto ah u cambaareysa "argagixisada nukliyeerka." Heshiis caalami ah oo ku saabsan “xasaanad-la’aanta nukliyeerka,” oo ay qaateen shan dowladood oo hubka nukliyeerka haysta May 11, 1995, ma joojin dambihii labawejiilenimo ee iyaga lagu soo oogay. Heshiiska waxaa ka buuxa waxyaabo ka reeban - tusaale ahaan, PD 60 - waana mid aan xirneyn. Shiinaha oo keliya ayaa sameeyay ballanqaadkan aan daahsooneyn: . ” Hindiya waxay sameysay ballan qaad lamid ah kii ugu horreeyay ee aan la adeegsan.
Caadi ahaan Maraykanka oo ah mid aan rasmi ahayn ee isticmaalka ugu horreeya wuxuu u oggolaanayaa in madaxa la qaboojiyo ay ku adkaato adoo soo afjaraya doodda lagu magacaabo "marmarka" isticmaalka Bombka. Waxay sidoo kale soo afjari doontaa kalsoonidii dadweynaha ee caddaynaysa in hubka nukliyeerka kaliya uu yahay cabsi marka uu isku diyaarinayo weerarro "ka hor inta aan la qarxin cadawga dagaalka."
Diyaarinta "isticmaalka ugu horreysa" ayaa badbaadin doonta balaayiin doolar oo cilmi baaris, horumarin iyo wax soo saar, iyo sidoo kale kharashka lagu hayo nidaamyada weerarka marka hore: B61 H-bambooyin, Qalabka Dabagalka ee Darajada Koowaad, Qalabaynta Gantaalaha iyo Gantaalaha Gantaalaha ee dhulka.
Muhiimad ahaan, qorsheeyayaasha dagaalka nukliyeerka ee isticmaalay dilkoodii ugu horreeyay ee "master card" waxay aaminsan yihiin inay guuleysteen - habka tuuggu u heli karo kiish lacag ah isagoo adeegsanaya qori xamuul ah laakiin aan jiidan kicinta. Waxay rabaan inay xajistaan "ceebta" gacmahooda, waxayna sameeyeen cuqdad culus oo ka dhan ah rasmi ahaan ka noqoshada adeegsiga nukliyeerka ugu horreeya, maadaama ay sidaas tahay waxay sii su'aal gelin kartaa su'aalaha rasmiga ah ee "ku guuleysiga" ee lagu tijaabiyay bambooyin shucaac ah Nagasaki sanadkii 1945.
Maraykanku waa inuu aqbalaa luuqada shiinaha ee Shiinaha, ballanqaadka marnaba maaha inuu isticmaalo hubka nukliyeerka marka hore ama ka soo horjeeda dawladaha aan nuclear ahayn. Haddii Madaxweyne Obama doonayo inuu yareeyo kacdoonnada adduunka iyada oo aan raaligelin lagu siinin Hiroshima markii uu booqday magaalada hudheelka, waxa uu beddeli karaa dardaaranka madaxweyne Clinton, isagoo caddeeyey in Maraykanku marnaba noqon doonin kan ugu horreeya ee nukliyeerka.
John LaForge, oo ay u kuur gashay PeaceVoice, waa Isku-duwaha Nukewatch, nabadda iyo kooxaha caddaaladda deegaanka ee ku yaal Wisconsin, waxana ay la wadaagaan Arianne Peterson ee Nuclear Heartland, Dib loo eegay: Hagaha 450 Mukhaadaraadka Dhulka Leh ee Maraykanka.
