Magaaladaada ka dhig aag ka xor ah Nukliyeerka

By David Swanson, World BEYOND War, May 1, 2023

In badan oo ka mid ah qaybta koonfureed ee adduunka waa aag ka caagan nukliyeerka. Laakiin ka waran haddii aad ku nooshahay qaybta waqooyi oo aad hoos tagto dawlad qaran oo jecel militariga oo aan suurtagal ahayn in ay daneeyaan waxa aad u malaynayso?

Hagaag, waxaad ka dhigi kartaa magaaladaada ama degmadaada ama magaaladaada aag ka caagan nukliyeerka.

Tom Charles ee Veterans For Peace, cutubka #35, gudaha Spokane, Washington ayaa ka warbixisay:

“Noofambar 7, 2022, golaha magaaladeenu waxa uu meel mariyey xeer ka dhigay magaaladeena mid ka xor ah Nukliyeerka oo ka horjoogsaday magaaladeena in ay ganacsi la samayso warshadaha hubka nukliyeerka. Xeerkaasi waxa uu si rasmi ah u dhacay Diseembar 21 Guddoomiyaha Golaha Magaalada, qareen lagu magacaabo Breean Beggs, ayaa qoray Xeerka oo wuxuu soo maray sharciyo sharci ah. Waxaan rajeyneynaa inaan la wadaagno nuqullada amarkeena magaalooyin ama hay'ado kale, hadday joogaan halkan ama dibadda, xiisaynaya yoolalka la midka ah. Rajadeenu waxay tahay in haddii inagu filan ay ansixiyaan sharci la mid ah, inay farriin adag u diri doonto dawlad-goboleedkayada federaalka iyo kuwa dawlad-goboleedyada oo aan dalbanno in tallaabo laga qaado dadaalka lagu doonayo in adduunkeena looga saaro hubka nukliyeerka. Natiijo ahaan, waxaan u mahadcelineynaa xayeysiinta Sharcigayaga daabacaad kasta oo ku habboon oo aad gacanta ku hayso."

XEERKA HADALKA Nuclear-ka Aagga Xorta ah OCTOBER 24 2022 Akhriska Koowaad

XEER NO. C-36299
Xeerka lagu dhisayo magaalada Spokane sidii aag ka caagan hubka nukliyeerka; dejinta cutub cusub 18.09 ee xeerka degmada Spokane.
HALKAY, tartanka hubka nukliyeerka ayaa xawaareynayey in ka badan afar meelood meel Qarni, gurguurta kheyraadka adduunka iyo soo bandhigida bini'aadminimada weligeed-khatarta sii kordheysa ee Holocaust nukliyeerka; iyo
HALKAAN, aysan jirin hab ku filan oo lagu ilaaliyo deganayaasha Spokane haddii ay dhacdo dagaalka nukliyeerka; iyo
HALKAY, dagaalka nukliyeerka uu ku hanjabayo inuu baabi'inayo inta badan qaababka nolosha sare ee meerahan; iyo
Halka, isticmaalka agabka hubka nukliyeerka cusub uu ka hortagayo kheyraadkan inaan loo isticmaalin baahiyaha kale ee aadanaha, oo ay ku jiraan shaqooyinka, guriyeynta, waxbarashada, daryeelka caafimaadka, gaadiidka dadweynaha iyo adeegyada dhalinyarada, waayeelka iyo naafada; iyo
HALKAY, Maraykanku horey u haystay kayd ku filan oo hubka nukliyeerka ah is-difaacdo oo dunidu dhawr jeer baabi’iso; iyo
HALKAY, Mareeykanka, oo ah hormuudka soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka, waa inuu qaato hogaanka geedi socodka gaabiska caalamiga ah ee tartanka hubka iyo wada xaajoodka
baabi'inta khatarta holocaust ee soo socota; iyo
HALKAY, muujinta xoogga leh ee dareenka dhinaca deganeyaasha gaarka ah iyo Dawladaha hoose waxay gacan ka geysan karaan inay bilaabaan talaabooyinkan oo kale ee Maraykanka iyo kuwa kale
awoodaha hubka nukliyeerka; iyo
Halka, Spokane uu ku jiro diiwaanka taageerada hubka nukliyeerka ee laba geesoodka ah oo la qaboojiyey iyo ayaa muujisay sida ay uga soo horjeedo qorshaha raritaan xasaradaha difaaca bulshada ee dagaalka nukliyeerka; iyo
HALKAAN, Saldhigga Ciidanka Cirka ee Fairchild uusan hadda u isticmaalin hubka nukliyeerka hawsheeda ilaalinta bulshadeena; iyo
HALKAY, fashilka dawladaha quruumaha nukliyeerka inay si ku filan u dhimaan ama baabi'inta halista ugu danbeyn weerar nukleerka wax burburiya u baahan yahay in dadka
laftooda, iyo wakiiladooda maxalliga ah, waxay qaadaan tallaabo; iyo
HALKAY, soo saarista tamarta nukliyeerka ay abuurto qashinka shucaaca ee aad u firfircoon kaas oo tareen ama baabuur lagu dhex maraayo Magaalada ay ku abuuri karaan khatar la taaban karo badbaadada dadweynaha iyo daryeelka magaalada.
Haddaba, Magaalada Spokane waxay amar ku bixisay:
Qaybta 1. In la sameeyay cutub cusub 18.09 ee degmada Spokane Xeer u akhri sida soo socota:

Qaybta 18.09.010 Ujeedada
Ujeedada cinwaankan ayaa ah in la dhiso magaalada Spokane sidii aag ka madax banaan nukliyeerka hubka, mamnuucidda shaqada hubka nukliyeerka iyo xaddididda soo-gaadhista waxyeellada leh ee sare-
heerka qashinka nukliyeerka gudaha xadka magaalada. Dadka deegaanka iyo wakiilada ayaa lagu booriyay u jiheeyo agabkii hore loogu isticmaali jiray soo saarista hubka nukliyeerka
dadaallada kor u qaadaya oo kor u qaadaya nolosha, oo ay ku jiraan kobcinta dhaqaalaha, daryeelka carruurta, guryaha, dugsiyada, daryeelka caafimaadka, adeegyada degdega ah, gaadiidka dadweynaha, tamarta
ilaalinta, taageerada ganacsiga yar yar iyo shaqooyinka.

Qaybta 18.09.020 Qeexitaannada
Sida cutubkan lagu isticmaalay, ereyadan soo socdaa waa inay lahaadaan macnaha la tilmaamay:
A. "Qaybta hubka nukliyeerka" waa qalab kasta, walxo shucaac ah ama walaxda aan shucaaca lahayn ee loo qaabeeyey si badheedh ah oo ula kac ah si ay wax ugu biiriyaan Hawlgalka, bilaabista, hagida, gaarsiinta, ama qarxinta hubka nukliyeerka.
B. "hubka nukliyeerka" waa qalab kasta oo leh ujeedada kaliya ee burburinta naf iyo maal dad ah oo ka dhashay qarax ka dhashay tamarta uu sii daayay a falcelinta fiyuuska ama fiyuuska ku lug leh nukleiyada atomiga.
C. "Soosaaraha hubka nukliyeerka" waa qof kasta, shirkad, shirkad, masuuliyad xaddidan shirkad, machad, xarun, waalid, ama qayb ka mid ah, oo ku hawlan shaqada soo saarista hubka nukliyeerka ama qaybihiisa.
D. "Soosaarka hubka nukliyeerka" waxaa ku jira ogaanshaha ama cilmi-baarista ula kac ah, naqshadeynta, horumarinta, tijaabinta, soo saarista, qiimeynta, dayactirka, kaydinta,
gaadiidka, ama tuurista hubka nukliyeerka ama qaybahooda.
E. "Badeeco uu soo saaray soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka" waa badeecad kasta oo ah sameeyey gebi ahaan ama horraantii by soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka, marka laga reebo alaabtaas kuwaas oo, ka hor intii aan la rabey in ay iibsadaan Magaaladu, ay hore u lahaan jireen oo ay isticmaasho cid aan ahayn soo saaraha ama qaybiyaha; alaabta sida looma tixgelin doono in uu soo saaray soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka haddii, ka hor iibsashada Magaaladu, in ka badan 25% nolosha waxtarka leh ee alaabtan ayaa ahayd la isticmaalo ama la isticmaalo, ama hal sano gudaheed ka dib marka la isticmaalo adeegga mulkiilihii hore ee aan soo saarin. "Nolosha waxtarka leh ee alaabta" waa in la qeexaa, haddii ay suurtagal tahay, iyadoo la raacayo qawaaniinta, qawaaniinta ama tilmaamaha United Adeegga Dakhliga Gudaha ee Dawladaha.

Qaybta 18.09.030 Xarumaha Nukliyeerka waa mamnuuc
A. Soo saarista hubka nukliyeerka waa in aan laga ogolaan magaalada. Malaha xarun, qalabka, qaybaha, sahayda, ama walaxda loo isticmaalo in lagu soo saaro nuclearhubka waa in loo ogolyahay gudaha magaalada.
B. Ma jiro qof, shirkad, jaamacad, shaybaadhka, machad, ama cid kale oo ku jirta Magaaladu waxay si badheedh ah oo ula kac ah ugu hawlanayd soo saarista hubka nukliyeerka
waa in uu ka bilaabo shaqo kasta oo caynkaas ah gudaha magaalada ka dib qaadashada cutubkan.

Qaybta 18.09.040 Maalgelinta Maalgelinta Magaalada
Golaha Magaaladu waa in uu tixgeliyo siyaasadda maalgashiga ee mas'uul ka ah bulsheed, gaar ahaan wax ka qabashada maalgashi kasta oo Magaaladu yeelan karto ama laga yaabo inay qorshayso inay ku yeelato warshadaha iyo
machadyo si badheedh iyo badheedh ah ugu hawlan soo saarista Nukliyeerka hub.

Qaybta 18.09.050 U-qalmitaanka Qandaraasyada Magaalada
A. Magaalada iyo saraakiisheeda, shaqaalaheeda ama wakiiladeeda waa in aanay ogaan ama ula kac u bixi abaal-marin kasta, qandaraas, ama amar iibsi, si toos ah ama si dadban, wax kasta oo nukliyeer ah
soo saaraha hubka.
B. Magaalada iyo saraakiisheeda, shaqaalaheeda ama wakiiladeeda waa in aanay ogaan ama ula kac u bixi abaalmarin kasta, qandaraas ama amar iibsi, si toos ah ama si dadban, si aad u iibsato ama
kiraysiga alaabada uu soo saaray soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka.
C. Qofka qaata qandaraaska, abaal-marinta ama amarka iibka magaalada waa inuu caddeeyaa magaalada Karraaniga by bayaan nootaayo ah in aanay ogaan ama ula kac ah nuclear
soo saaraha hubka.
D. Magaaladu waa in ay meesha ka saarto isticmaalka wax kasta oo soo saara hubka nukliyeerka oo ay iyadu leedahay ama ay leedahay. Ilaa iyo inta aan la heli karin beddelka aan nukliyeerka ahayn, ujeedaduna tahay ilaalinta badeecada inta lagu jiro nolosheeda caadiga ah ee faa'iidada leh iyo tan Ujeedada iibsashada ama kiraynta qaybaha beddelka, saadka iyo adeegyada Alaabooyinkaas, qayb-hoosaadka (A) iyo (B) ee qaybtan laguma dabaqi doono.
E. Magaaladu waa in ay aqoonsato isha sanad walba haysa liiska hubka nukliyeerka soo saarayaasha si ay u hagaan Magaalada, saraakiisheeda, shaqaalaheeda iyo wakiiladeeda fulinta qodobbada (A) ilaa (C) ee qaybtan. Liisku maaha diidaan ku-dhaqanka ama fulinta qodobadan mid kale soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka.
F. Ka dhaafid
1. Qodobada farqada (A) iyo (B) ee qodabkan waa la dhaafi karaa Qaraar ay ku ansixiyeen cod aqlabiyad ah oo Golaha Deegaanka ah; waase haddii:
i. Ka dib raadinta iimaanka wanaagsan, waxaa la go'aamiyaa in lagama maarmaanka ah wanaag ama adeeg si macquul ah loogama heli karo meel kasta marka laga reebo soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka;
ii. Qaraarka lagu tixgalinayo ka-dhaafitaanku inuu ku jiro faylka Karaaniga Magaalada hoostiisa wakhtiga caadiga ah sida ku cad Xeerarka Koonsilka mana ahaan doono lagu daray laalista Xeerarkaas.
2. Macquulnimada ilo kale ayaa lagu go'aamin doonaa marka la eego tixgelin arrimaha soo socda:
i. Ujeedada iyo ujeedada cutubkan;
ii. Caddayn la duubay oo caddaynaya in wanaagga lagama maarmaanka ah ama adeegu wuxuu muhiim u yahay caafimaadka ama badbaadada dadka deegaanka ama shaqaalaha ee Magaalada, iyadoo la fahamsan yahay in maqnaanshaha noocaas ah caddayntu waxay yaraynaysaa baahida ka-dhaafitaanka;
iii. Talooyinka Duqa Magaalada iyo/ama Maamulaha Magaalada;
iv. Helitaanka alaab ama adeegyo laga helayo hub aan Nukliyeer ahayn soo saaraha si macquul ah u buuxinaya shuruudaha ama shuruudaha wanaagga ama adeegga lagama maarmaanka ah;
v. Kharashyo dheeri ah oo la tirin karo oo ka dhalan kara isticmaalka alaabta ama adeega soo saaraha aan hubka nukliyeerka ahayn; waase, in qodobkani aanu noqonayn waxa la tixgaliyo.

Qaybta 18.09.060 Ka-reebista
A. Ma jiro wax cutubkan ka mid ah oo loo fasiran karo mamnuucaya ama nidaaminaya cilmi-baarista iyo isticmaalka daawada nukliyeerka ama isticmaalka walxaha fissionable ee qiiqa qalabka wax sheegta, saacadaha iyo saacadaha iftiimiya iftiinka iyo codsiyada kale halka ay ka ujeedadu kuma xidhna wax soo saarka hubka nukliyeerka. Waxba kuma jiraan cutubka waxaa loo tarjumi doonaa inuu ku xad-gudbay xuquuqaha uu dammaanad qaadayo Kow Wax ka beddelka dastuurka Mareykanka ama awoodda Congress-ka u diyaari difaaca guud.

B. Ma jiraan wax cutubkan ku jira oo loo tarjumi karo, loo fasiran karo ama lagu dabaqi karo si looga hortago Golaha Magaalada, Duqa Magaalada ama Maamulaha Magaalada ama cidda ay u xilsaaran tahay inay ku dhaqmaan hagaajin, hagaajin ama ka hortag xaalad degdeg ah oo soo bandhigaysa cad iyo khatar ku ah caafimaadka dadweynaha, badbaadada iyo daryeelka guud, sida lagu qeexay Cutubka 2.04 ee Xeerka Degmada Spokane; la siiyay, taasi waa inay sidaas tahay xaaladda degdega ah waxay u baahan tahay iibsashada alaabta ama adeegyada laga soo galo ama laga soo galo heshiis lala galo soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka ka dibna Duqa Magaalada ama Magaalada Maamuluhu waa inuu ku wargeliyaa Golaha Magaalada saddex maalmood oo shaqo gudahooda laga bilaabo maalinta magaalada ficillada.

C. Ma jiraan wax cutubkan ka mid ah oo loo tarjumi karo, loo fasiran karo, ama lagu dabaqi karo beddelka ama in la hareer maro xeerar kasta oo wax soo iibsi ah, hadday xeerarkaasi yihiin sharci-dejin ama maamul ahaan loo faafiyey; si kastaba ha ahaatee, in aanay jirin wax soo iibsi xeerarka khuseeya bixinta abaal-marin kasta, qandaraas ama amar iibsi waa inay beddelaan ama tirtiraan ujeeddada ama shuruudaha cutubkan.

Qaybta 18.09.070 Xadgudubyada iyo Ganaaxyada
J. Xadgudub kasta oo cutubkan waa inuu noqdaa Xad-gudubka Madaniga ah ee Heerka 1.
B. Iyada oo aan la xaddidin ama la dooran wax daaweyn kale ah, Magaalada ama mid kasta Dadka deggani waxay ka dalban karaan maxkamadda awoodda u leh amarka ku amraya xadgudub kasta oo cutubkan. Maxkamaddu waxay bixinaysaa kharashka qareenka iyo kharashka ku baxaya dhinac kasta oo ku guulaysta in la helo amar halkan hoos yimaada.

Waxaa soo maray Golaha Magaalada ____.
Guddoomiyaha Golaha
Marqaati: Loo oggolaaday si uu u sameeyo:
Kaaliyaha Qareenka Magaalada Karraaniga Magaalada
Taariikhda Duqa Magaalada

*****

Waxay u ekaan lahayd mid ku habboon in meel kasta laga gudbo xeer sidan oo kale ah, laakiin la xoojiyay in lagu daro leexin iyo in wax laga qabto tamarta nukliyeerka si la mid ah hubka nukliyeerka. Xeerka qabyada ah ee la higsanaayo wuxuu u ekaan karaa sidan:

XEERKA ____________ HUBKA Nuclear-ka Aagga Xorta ah 

Xeer lagu dhisayo ________ aag ahaan xor ka ah hubka nukliyeerka, tamarta nukliyeerka, qashinka nukliyeerka, iyo maalgashiga dadweynaha mid kasta oo kor ku xusan; samaynta cutub cusub _______ ee xeerka degmada.
HALKAY, tartanka hubka nukliyeerka ayaa xawaareynayey in ka badan afar meelood meel Qarni, gurguurta kheyraadka adduunka iyo soo bandhigida bini'aadminimada weligeed-khatarta sii kordheysa ee Holocaust nukliyeerka; iyo
HALKAAN, ma jiro hab ku filan oo lagu ilaaliyo ______ deganayaasha haddii ay dhacdo dagaalka nukliyeerka; iyo
HALKAY, dagaalka nukliyeerka uu ku hanjabayo inuu baabi'inayo inta badan qaababka nolosha sare ee meerahan; iyo
Halka, isticmaalka agabka hubka nukliyeerka cusub uu ka hortagayo kheyraadkan inaan loo isticmaalin baahiyaha kale ee aadanaha, oo ay ku jiraan shaqooyinka, guriyeynta, waxbarashada, daryeelka caafimaadka, gaadiidka dadweynaha iyo adeegyada dhalinyarada, waayeelka iyo naafada; iyo
HALKAY, Maraykanku horey u haystay kayd ku filan oo hubka nukliyeerka ah is difaaco iyo dunidu dhawr jeer baabi'i; iyo
HALKAY, Mareeykanka, oo ah hormuudka soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka, waa in raac hogaanka inta badan aduunka intiisa kale geedi socodka gaabis caalami ah ee tartanka hubka iyo wada xaajoodka baabi'inta khatarta holocaust ee soo socota; iyo
HALKAY, muujinta xoogga leh ee dareenka dhinaca deganeyaasha gaarka ah iyo Dawladaha hoose waxay gacan ka geysan karaan inay bilaabaan talaabooyinkan oo kale ee Maraykanka iyo kuwa kale
awoodaha hubka nukliyeerka; iyo
HALKAY, fashilka dawladaha quruumaha nukliyeerka inay si ku filan u dhimaan ama baabi'inta halista ugu danbeyn weerar nukleerka wax burburiya u baahan yahay in dadka
laftooda, iyo wakiiladooda maxalliga ah, waxay qaadaan tallaabo; iyo
HALKAY, soo saarista tamarta nukliyeerka ay abuurto qashinka shucaaca ee aad u firfircoon kaas oo tareen ama baabuur lagu dhex maraayo Magaalada ay ku abuuri karaan khatar la taaban karo badbaadada dadweynaha iyo daryeelka magaalada.
Haddaba, Magaalada _____ waxay amartaa:
Qaybta 1. In la sameeyay cutub cusub oo ________ ah oo ka tirsan degmada Xeer u akhri sida soo socota:

Ujeeddo
Ujeedada lahaanshahani waa in la dhiso Magaalada ________ sidii aag ka xor ah nukliyeerka hubka, mamnuucida shaqada hubka nukliyeerka, tamarta nukliyeerka, qashinka nukliyeerka, iyo maalgashiga dadweynaha mid kasta oo ka mid ah kor ku xusan. Dadka deegaanka iyo wakiilada ayaa lagu booriyay dib u jiheynta kheyraadka hore loogu isticmaali jiray wax soo saarka hubka nukliyeerka iyo tamarta dhinaca dadaallada kor u qaadaya oo kor u qaadaya nolosha, oo ay ku jiraan kobcinta dhaqaalaha, daryeelka carruurta, guryaha, dugsiyada, daryeelka caafimaadka, adeegyada degdega ah, gaadiidka dadweynaha, tamarta ilaalinta, taageerada ganacsiga yar yar iyo shaqooyinka.

Qeexitaanno
Sida cutubkan lagu isticmaalay, ereyadan soo socdaa waa inay lahaadaan macnaha la tilmaamay:
A. "Qaybta hubka nukliyeerka" waa qalab kasta, walxo shucaac ah ama walaxda aan shucaaca lahayn ee loo qaabeeyey si badheedh ah oo ula kac ah si ay wax ugu biiriyaan Hawlgalka, bilaabista, hagida, gaarsiinta, ama qarxinta hubka nukliyeerka.
B. "hubka nukliyeerka" waa qalab kasta oo leh ujeedada kaliya ee burburinta naf iyo maal dad ah oo ka dhashay qarax ka dhashay tamarta uu sii daayay a falcelinta fiyuuska ama fiyuuska ku lug leh nukleiyada atomiga.
C. "Soosaaraha hubka nukliyeerka" waa qof kasta, shirkad, shirkad, masuuliyad xaddidan shirkad, machad, xarun, waalid, ama qayb ka mid ah, oo ku hawlan shaqada soo saarista hubka nukliyeerka ama qaybihiisa.
D. "Soosaarka hubka nukliyeerka" waxaa ku jira ogaanshaha ama cilmi-baarista ula kac ah, naqshadeynta, horumarinta, tijaabinta, soo saarista, qiimeynta, dayactirka, kaydinta,
gaadiidka, ama tuurista hubka nukliyeerka ama qaybahooda.
E. "Badeeco uu soo saaray soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka" waa badeecad kasta oo ah sameeyey gebi ahaan ama horraantii by soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka, marka laga reebo alaabtaas kuwaas oo, ka hor intii aan la rabey in ay iibsadaan Magaaladu, ay hore u lahaan jireen oo ay isticmaasho cid aan ahayn soo saaraha ama qaybiyaha; alaabta sida looma tixgelin doono in uu soo saaray soo saaraha hubka nukliyeerka haddii, ka hor iibsashada Magaaladu, in ka badan 25% nolosha waxtarka leh ee alaabtan ayaa ahayd la isticmaalo ama la isticmaalo, ama hal sano gudaheed ka dib marka la isticmaalo adeegga mulkiilihii hore ee aan soo saarin. "Nolosha waxtarka leh ee alaabta" waa in la qeexaa, haddii ay suurtagal tahay, iyadoo la raacayo qawaaniinta, qawaaniinta ama tilmaamaha United Adeegga Dakhliga Gudaha ee Dawladaha.

Xarumaha Nukliyeerka waa mamnuuc
A. Soo saarista hubka nukliyeerka waa in aan laga ogolaan magaalada. Malaha xarun, qalabka, qaybaha, sahayda, ama walaxda loo isticmaalo in lagu soo saaro nuclear hubka waa in loo ogolyahay gudaha magaalada.
B. Ma jiro qof, shirkad, jaamacad, shaybaadhka, machad, ama cid kale oo ku jirta Magaaladu waxay si badheedh ah oo ula kac ah ugu hawlanayd soo saarista hubka nukliyeerka
waa in uu ka bilaabo shaqo kasta oo caynkaas ah gudaha magaalada ka dib qaadashada cutubkan.

Dhirta tamarta Nukliyeerka waa mamnuuc
A. Soo saarista tamarta nukliyeerka waa in aan laga ogolaan magaalada. Malaha xarun, qalabka, qaybaha, sahayda, ama walaxda loo isticmaalo in lagu soo saaro nuclear tamarta waa in loo oggolaadaa magaalada.
B. Ma jiro qof, shirkad, jaamacad, shaybaadhka, machad, ama cid kale oo ku jirta Magaaladu waxay si badheedh ah oo ula kac ah ugu hawlgashay soo saarista tamarta nukliyeerka waa in uu ka bilaabo shaqo kasta oo caynkaas ah gudaha magaalada ka dib qaadashada cutubkan.

Maalgelinta Maalgelinta Magaalada
Golaha deegaanka ayaa leexo Maalgelin kasta oo ay Magaaladu yeelan karto ama laga yaabo inay qorshayso inay ku yeelato warshadaha iyo machadyo si badheedh iyo badheedh ah ugu hawlan soo saarista Nukliyeerka hubka ama tamarta nukliyeerka.

U-qalmitaanka Qandaraasyada Magaalada
A. Magaalada iyo saraakiisheeda, shaqaalaheeda ama wakiiladeeda waa in aanay ogaan ama ula kac u bixi abaal-marin kasta, qandaraas, ama amar iibsi, si toos ah ama si dadban, wax kasta oo nukliyeer ah
hubka ama tamarta nukliyeerka soo saare.
B. Magaalada iyo saraakiisheeda, shaqaalaheeda ama wakiiladeeda waa in aanay ogaan ama ula kac u bixi abaalmarin kasta, qandaraas ama amar iibsi, si toos ah ama si dadban, si aad u iibsato ama
kireynta alaabta uu soo saaro hubka nukliyeerka ama tamarta nukliyeerka soo saare.
C. Qofka qaata qandaraaska, abaal-marinta ama amarka iibka magaalada waa inuu caddeeyaa magaalada Karraaniga by bayaan nootaayo ah in aanay ogaan ama ula kac ah nuclear
hubka ama tamarta nukliyeerka soo saare.
D. Magaaladu waa in ay meesha ka saarto isticmaalka wax kasta oo ka soo baxa hubka nukliyeerka ama tamarta nukliyeerka soo saare oo ay iyadu leedahay ama ay leedahay. Ilaa iyo inta aan la heli karin beddelka aan nukliyeerka ahayn, ujeedaduna tahay ilaalinta badeecada inta lagu jiro nolosheeda caadiga ah ee faa'iidada leh iyo tan Ujeedada iibsashada ama kiraynta qaybaha beddelka, saadka iyo adeegyada Alaabooyinkaas, qayb-hoosaadka (A) iyo (B) ee qaybtan laguma dabaqi doono.
E. Magaaladu waa in ay aqoonsato isha sanad walba haysa liiska hubka nukliyeerka ama tamarta nukliyeerka soo saarayaasha si ay u hagaan Magaalada, saraakiisheeda, shaqaalaheeda iyo wakiiladeeda fulinta qodobbada (A) ilaa (C) ee qaybtan. Liisku maaha diidaan ku-dhaqanka ama fulinta qodobadan mid kale hubka nukliyarka ama tamarta nukliyeerka soo saare.
F. Ka dhaafid
1. Qodobada farqada (A) iyo (B) ee qodabkan waa la dhaafi karaa Qaraar ay ku ansixiyeen cod aqlabiyad ah oo Golaha Deegaanka ah; waase haddii:
i. Ka dib raadinta iimaanka wanaagsan, waxaa la go'aamiyaa in lagama maarmaanka ah wanaag ama adeeg si macquul ah loogama heli karo meel kasta oo aan ahayn hubka Nukliyeerka  ama tamarta nukliyeerka soo saaraha;
ii. Qaraarka lagu tixgalinayo ka-dhaafitaanku inuu ku jiro faylka Karaaniga Magaalada hoostiisa wakhtiga caadiga ah sida ku cad Xeerarka Koonsilka mana ahaan doono lagu daray laalista Xeerarkaas.
2. Macquulnimada ilo kale ayaa lagu go'aamin doonaa marka la eego tixgelin arrimaha soo socda:
i. Ujeedada iyo ujeedada cutubkan;
ii. Caddayn la duubay oo caddaynaya in wanaagga lagama maarmaanka ah ama adeegu wuxuu muhiim u yahay caafimaadka ama badbaadada dadka deegaanka ama shaqaalaha ee Magaalada, iyadoo la fahamsan yahay in maqnaanshaha noocaas ah caddayntu waxay yaraynaysaa baahida ka-dhaafitaanka;
iii. Talooyinka Duqa Magaalada iyo/ama Maamulaha Magaalada;
iv. Helitaanka alaab ama adeegyo laga helayo hub aan Nukliyeer ahayn soo saaraha si macquul ah u buuxinaya shuruudaha ama shuruudaha wanaagga ama adeegga lagama maarmaanka ah;
v. Kharashyo dheeri ah oo la tirin karo oo ka dhalan kara isticmaalka alaabta ama adeega soo saaraha aan hubka nukliyeerka ahayn; waase, in qodobkani aanu noqonayn waxa la tixgaliyo.

Diidmada
A. Ma jiro wax cutubkan ka mid ah oo loo fasiran karo mamnuucaya ama nidaaminaya cilmi-baarista iyo isticmaalka daawada nukliyeerka ama isticmaalka walxaha fissionable ee qiiqa qalabka wax sheegta, saacadaha iyo saacadaha iftiimiya iftiinka iyo codsiyada kale halka ay ka ujeedadu kuma xidhna wax soo saarka hubka nukliyeerka ama tamarta nukliyeerka. Waxba kuma jiraan cutubka waxaa loo tarjumi doonaa inuu ku xad-gudbay xuquuqaha uu dammaanad qaadayo Kow Wax ka beddelka dastuurka Mareykanka ama awoodda Congress-ka u diyaari difaaca guud.

B. Ma jiraan wax cutubkan ku jira oo loo tarjumi karo, loo fasiran karo ama lagu dabaqi karo si looga hortago Golaha Magaalada, Duqa Magaalada ama Maamulaha Magaalada ama cidda ay u xilsaaran tahay inay ku dhaqmaan hagaajin, hagaajin ama ka hortag xaalad degdeg ah oo soo bandhigaysa cad iyo khatar ku ah caafimaadka dadweynaha, badbaadada iyo daryeelka guud, sida lagu qeexay Cutubka 2.04 ee Xeerka Degmada Spokane; la siiyay, taasi waa inay sidaas tahay xaaladda degdega ah waxay u baahan tahay iibsashada alaabta ama adeegyada laga soo galo ama laga soo galo qandaraas la galay hubka nukliyeerka ama tamarta nukliyeerka soo saare ka dibna Duqa Magaalada ama Magaalada Maamuluhu waa inuu ku wargeliyaa Golaha Magaalada saddex maalmood oo shaqo gudahooda laga bilaabo maalinta magaalada ficillada.

C. Ma jiraan wax cutubkan ka mid ah oo loo tarjumi karo, loo fasiran karo, ama lagu dabaqi karo beddelka ama in la hareer maro xeerar kasta oo wax soo iibsi ah, hadday xeerarkaasi yihiin sharci-dejin ama maamul ahaan loo faafiyey; si kastaba ha ahaatee, in aanay jirin wax soo iibsi xeerarka khuseeya bixinta abaal-marin kasta, qandaraas ama amar iibsi waa inay beddelaan ama tirtiraan ujeeddada ama shuruudaha cutubkan.

Xadgudubyada iyo Ganaaxyada
J. Xadgudub kasta oo cutubkan waa inuu noqdaa Xad-gudubka Madaniga ah ee Heerka 1.
B. Iyada oo aan la xaddidin ama la dooran wax daaweyn kale ah, Magaalada ama mid kasta Dadka deggani waxay ka dalban karaan maxkamadda awoodda u leh amarka ku amraya xadgudub kasta oo cutubkan. Maxkamaddu waxay bixinaysaa kharashka qareenka iyo kharashka ku baxaya dhinac kasta oo ku guulaysta in la helo amar halkan hoos yimaada.

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One Response

  1. Mahadsanid Mudane Swanson. Waxaa laga yaabaa in aan dunidan ka dhigi karno meel ka wanaagsan oo ammaan u ah carruurteena iyo kuwa ay awoowaha u yihiin. Adiga iyo dhamaanteenba, Tom Charles

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